Once more to the lake is a representative work of the American Writer, Elwyn Brooks White, and has been acclaimed by people in the world. The paper offers a three-layered contrasting analysis of the essay. By detailed...Once more to the lake is a representative work of the American Writer, Elwyn Brooks White, and has been acclaimed by people in the world. The paper offers a three-layered contrasting analysis of the essay. By detailed analysis of the contrasts running through the whole essay, the author finds that those contrasts are symbol of White's internal struggle and reflection for life.On the foundation of the three-layered contrasts, the paper presents the theme analysis and clarifies the content of the essay.展开更多
Using the monthly geopotential heights and winds for 700 and 200 hPa for India during July and August, and the weekly M-100 Soviet rocketsonde temperature and wind data for Thumba (8.5 ° N, 76.9 ° E) during ...Using the monthly geopotential heights and winds for 700 and 200 hPa for India during July and August, and the weekly M-100 Soviet rocketsonde temperature and wind data for Thumba (8.5 ° N, 76.9 ° E) during the last week of June and the first week of September for the two contrasting summer monsoon years 1975 (a very strong monsoon year) and 1979 (a very weak monsoon year), a study has been made to examine the mean circulation features of the troposphere over India, and the structures of the temperatures and the winds of the middle atmosphere over Thumba. The study suggested that the axis of the monsoon trough (AMT) at 700 hPa shifted southward in 1975 and northward towards the foothills of the Himalayas in 1979, from its normal position. Superimposed on the low-pressure area (AMT) at 700 hPa, a well-defined divergence was noticed at 200 hPa over the northern India in 1975.The mean temperatures at 25,50 and 60 km (middle atmosphere) over Thumba were cooler in 1975 than in 1979. While a cooling trend in 1975 and warming trend in 1979 were observed at 25 and 50 km, a reversed picture was noticed at 60 km. There was a weak easterly / westerly (weak westerly phase) zonal wind in 1975 and a strong easterly zonal wind in 1979. A phase reversal of the zonal wind was observed at 50 km. A tentative physical mechanism was offered, in terms of upward propagation of the two equatorially trapped planetary waves i.e. the Kelvin and the mixed Rossby-gravity waves, to explain the occurrence of the two spells of strong warmings in the mesosphere in 1975.展开更多
The iconic image of a giant radiating dyke swarm subsequently fragmented into three pieces via supercontinental breakup was produced by Paul May in1971(see next page).That figure presented a large part of
The Awakening is about the heroine Edna Pontellier awakes and tries to reset her relation with the world in New Orleans,a place the family chose to spend the summer, where there also are influences working their way t...The Awakening is about the heroine Edna Pontellier awakes and tries to reset her relation with the world in New Orleans,a place the family chose to spend the summer, where there also are influences working their way to awake Edna. Among them, theeffects from Madame Ratignolle and Madame Reisz are of great importance in the process of Edna's awakening and to her final sui-cide. This dissertation will see how Edna is affected by and distinguished from them, and get the conclusion that Edna fails being alife mediator by contrasting with the two women.展开更多
This letter to the editor is a commentary on a study titled"Liver metastases:The role of magnetic resonance imaging."Exploring a noninvasive imaging evaluation system for the biological behavior of hepatocel...This letter to the editor is a commentary on a study titled"Liver metastases:The role of magnetic resonance imaging."Exploring a noninvasive imaging evaluation system for the biological behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the key to achieving precise diagnosis and treatment and improving prognosis.This review summarizes the role of magnetic resonance imaging in the detection and evaluation of liver metastases,describes its main imaging features,and focuses on the added value of the latest imaging tools(such as T1 weighted in phase imaging,T1 weighted out of phase imaging;diffusion-weighted imaging,T2 weighted imaging).In this study,I investigated the necessity and benefits of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid for HCC diagnostic testing and prognostic evaluation.展开更多
The Pearl River Delta(PRD),a tornado hotspot,forms a distinct trumpet-shaped coastline that concaves toward the South China Sea.During the summer monsoon season,low-level southwesterlies over the PRD’s sea surface te...The Pearl River Delta(PRD),a tornado hotspot,forms a distinct trumpet-shaped coastline that concaves toward the South China Sea.During the summer monsoon season,low-level southwesterlies over the PRD’s sea surface tend to be turned toward the west coast,constituting a convergent wind field along with the landward-side southwesterlies,which influences regional convective weather.This two-part study explores the roles of this unique land–sea contrast of the trumpet-shaped coastline in the formation of a tornadic mesovortex within monsoonal flows in this region.Part I primarily presents observational analyses of pre-storm environments and storm evolutions.The rotating storm developed in a lowshear environment(not ideal for a supercell)under the interactions of three air masses under the influence of the land–sea contrast,monsoon,and storm cold outflows.This intersection zone(or“triple point”)is typically characterized by local enhancements of ambient vertical vorticity and convergence.Based on a rapid-scan X-band phased-array radar,finger-like echoes were recognized shortly after the gust front intruded on the triple point.Developed over the triple point,they rapidly wrapped up with a well-defined low-level mesovortex.It is thus presumed that the triple point may have played roles in the mesovortex genesis,which will be demonstrated in Part II with multiple sensitivity numerical simulations.The findings also suggest that when storms pass over the boundary intersection zone in the PRD,the expected possibility of a rotating storm occurring is relatively high,even in a low-shear environment.Improved knowledge of such environments provides additional guidance to assess the regional tornado risk.展开更多
One of the basic characteristics of Earth's modern climate is that the Northern Hemisphere(NH) is climatologically warmer than the Southern Hemisphere(SH). Here, model performances of this basic state are examined...One of the basic characteristics of Earth's modern climate is that the Northern Hemisphere(NH) is climatologically warmer than the Southern Hemisphere(SH). Here, model performances of this basic state are examined using simulation results from 26 CMIP6 models. Results show that the CMIP6 models underestimate the contrast in interhemispheric surface temperatures on average(0.8 K for CMIP6 mean versus 1.4 K for reanalysis data mean), and that there is a large intermodel spread, ranging from -0.7 K to 2.3 K. A box model energy budget analysis shows that the contrast in interhemispheric shortwave absorption at the top of the atmosphere, the contrast in interhemispheric greenhouse trapping, and the crossequatorial northward ocean heat transport, are all underestimated in the multimodel mean. By examining the intermodel spread, we find intermodel biases can be tracked back to biases in midlatitude shortwave cloud forcing in AGCMs. Models with a weaker interhemispheric temperature contrast underestimate the shortwave cloud reflection in the SH but overestimate the shortwave cloud reflection in the NH, which are respectively due to underestimation of the cloud fraction over the SH extratropical ocean and overestimation of the cloud liquid water content over the NH extratropical continents.Models that underestimate the interhemispheric temperature contrast exhibit larger double ITCZ biases, characterized by excessive precipitation in the SH tropics. Although this intermodel spread does not account for the multimodel ensemble mean biases, it highlights that improving cloud simulation in AGCMs is essential for simulating the climate realistically in coupled models.展开更多
Relative rotation between the emitter and receiver could effectively modulate the near-field radiative heat transfer(NFRHT)in anisotropic media.Due to the strong in-plane anisotropy,natural hyperbolic materials can be...Relative rotation between the emitter and receiver could effectively modulate the near-field radiative heat transfer(NFRHT)in anisotropic media.Due to the strong in-plane anisotropy,natural hyperbolic materials can be used to construct near-field radiative modulators with excellent modulation effects.However,in practical applications,natural hyperbolic materials need to be deposited on the substrate,and the influence of substrate on modulation effect has not been studied yet.In this work,we investigate the influence of substrate effect on near-field radiative modulator based onα-MoO_(3).The results show that compared to the situation without a substrate,the presence of both lossless and lossy substrate will reduce the modulation contrast(MC)for different film thicknesses.When the real or imaginary component of the substrate permittivity increases,the mismatch of hyperbolic phonon polaritons(HPPs)weakens,resulting in a reduction in MC.By reducing the real and imaginary components of substrate permittivity,the MC can be significantly improved,reaching 4.64 forε_(s)=3 at t=10 nm.This work indicates that choosing a substrate with a smaller permittivity helps to achieve a better modulation effect,and provides guidance for the application of natural hyperbolic materials in the near-field radiative modulator.展开更多
BACKGROUND The detection rate of peptic ulcer in children is improving,with development of diagnostic procedures.Gastroscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of peptic ulcer,but it is an invasive procedure.Gastr...BACKGROUND The detection rate of peptic ulcer in children is improving,with development of diagnostic procedures.Gastroscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of peptic ulcer,but it is an invasive procedure.Gastrointestinal contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS)has the advantages of being painless,noninvasive,nonradioactive,easy to use,and safe.AIM To investigate the clinical value of CEUS for diagnosis and treatment of peptic ulcer in children.METHODS We investigated 43 children with digestive tract symptoms in our hospital from January 2021 to June 2022.All children were examined by routine ultrasound,gastrointestinal CEUS,and gastroscopy.The pathological results of gastroscopy were taken as the gold standard.Routine ultrasonography was performed before gastrointestinal CEUS.Conventional ultrasound showed the thickness of the gastroduodenal wall,gastric peristalsis,and the adjacent organs and tissues around the abdominal cavity.Gastrointestinal CEUS recorded the thickness of the gastroduodenal wall;the size,location and shape of the ulcer;gastric peristalsis;and adjacent organs and tissues around the abdominal cavity.The results of routine ultrasound and gastrointestinal ultrasound were compared with those of gastroscopy to evaluate the diagnostic results and coincidence rate of routine ultrasound and gastrointestinal CEUS.All children received informed consent from their guardians for CEUS.This study was reviewed and approved by the hospital medical ethics committee.RESULTS Among the 43 children,17(15 male,2 female)were diagnosed with peptic ulcer by gastroscopy.There were 26 children with nonpeptic ulcer.There were eight cases of peptic ulcer and 35 of nonpeptic ulcer diagnosed by conventional ultrasound.The diagnostic coincidence rate of peptic ulcer in children diagnosed by conventional ultrasound was 79.1%(34/43),which was significantly different from that of gastroscopy(P=0.033).It indicates that the coincidence rate of gastrointestinal contrast-enhanced ultrasound and gastroscope is low.Fifteen cases of peptic ulcer and 28 of nonpeptic ulcer were diagnosed by CEUS.The diagnostic coincidence rate of peptic ulcer in children was 95.3%(41/43).There was no significant difference between CEUS and gastroscopy(P=0.655).It indicates that the coincidence rate of gastrointestinal contrast-enhanced ultrasound and gastroscope is high.CONCLUSION Gastrointestinal CEUS has a high coincidence rate in the diagnosis of peptic ulcer in children,and can be used as a preliminary examination method.展开更多
Dual-phase and three-phase grating x-ray interference is a promising new technique for grating-based x-ray differential phase contrast imaging.Dual-phase grating interferometers have been relatively completely studied...Dual-phase and three-phase grating x-ray interference is a promising new technique for grating-based x-ray differential phase contrast imaging.Dual-phase grating interferometers have been relatively completely studied and discussed.In this paper,the corresponding imaging fringe formula of the three-phase grating interferometer is provided.At the same time,the similarities and differences between the three-phase grating interferometer and the dual-phase grating interferometer are investigated and verified,and that the three-phase grating interferometer can produce large-period moiréfringes without using the analyzing grating is demonstrated experimentally.Finally,a simple method of designing three-phase grating and multi-grating imaging systems from geometric optics based on the thin-lens theory of gratings is presented.These theoretical formulas and experimental results provide optimization tools for designing three-phase grating interferometer systems.展开更多
The optical design of near-infrared phase contrast imaging(NI-PCI)diagnosis on HL-2A is introduced in this paper.This scheme benefits from the great progress of near-infrared laser technology and is a broadening of tr...The optical design of near-infrared phase contrast imaging(NI-PCI)diagnosis on HL-2A is introduced in this paper.This scheme benefits from the great progress of near-infrared laser technology and is a broadening of traditional phase contrast technology.This diagnostic can work as a keen tool to measure plasma wavenumber spectra by inferring string-integrated plasma density fluctuations.Design of both the front optical path which is the path before the laser transmitting into the tokamak plasma and the rear optics which is the path after the laser passing through the plasma is detailed.The 1550 nm laser is chosen as the probe beam and highprecision optical components are designed to fit the laser beam,in which a phase plate with a 194-nm-deep silver groove is the key.Compared with the conventional 10.6μm laser-based PCI system on HL-2A,NI-PCI significantly overcomes the unwanted phase scintillation effect and promotes the measurement capability of high-wavenumber turbulence with an increased maximal measurable wavenumber from 15 cm^(-1)to 32.6 cm^(-1).展开更多
Knowledge graph can assist in improving recommendation performance and is widely applied in various person-alized recommendation domains.However,existing knowledge-aware recommendation methods face challenges such as ...Knowledge graph can assist in improving recommendation performance and is widely applied in various person-alized recommendation domains.However,existing knowledge-aware recommendation methods face challenges such as weak user-item interaction supervisory signals and noise in the knowledge graph.To tackle these issues,this paper proposes a neighbor information contrast-enhanced recommendation method by adding subtle noise to construct contrast views and employing contrastive learning to strengthen supervisory signals and reduce knowledge noise.Specifically,first,this paper adopts heterogeneous propagation and knowledge-aware attention networks to obtain multi-order neighbor embedding of users and items,mining the high-order neighbor informa-tion of users and items.Next,in the neighbor information,this paper introduces weak noise following a uniform distribution to construct neighbor contrast views,effectively reducing the time overhead of view construction.This paper then performs contrastive learning between neighbor views to promote the uniformity of view information,adjusting the neighbor structure,and achieving the goal of reducing the knowledge noise in the knowledge graph.Finally,this paper introduces multi-task learning to mitigate the problem of weak supervisory signals.To validate the effectiveness of our method,experiments are conducted on theMovieLens-1M,MovieLens-20M,Book-Crossing,and Last-FM datasets.The results showthat compared to the best baselines,our method shows significant improvements in AUC and F1.展开更多
BACKGROUND The liver imaging reporting and data system(LI-RADS)diagnostic table has 15 cells and is too complex.The diagnostic performance of LI-RADS for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is not satisfactory on gadoxetic a...BACKGROUND The liver imaging reporting and data system(LI-RADS)diagnostic table has 15 cells and is too complex.The diagnostic performance of LI-RADS for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is not satisfactory on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(EOB-MRI).AIM To evaluate the ability of the simplified LI-RADS(sLI-RADS)to diagnose HCC on EOB-MRI.METHODS A total of 331 patients with 356 hepatic observations were retrospectively analysed.The diagnostic performance of sLI-RADS A-D using a single threshold was evaluated and compared with LI-RADS v2018 to determine the optimal sLIRADS.The algorithms of sLI-RADS A-D are as follows:The single threshold for sLI-RADS A and B was 10 mm,that is,classified observations≥10mm using an algorithm of 10-19 mm observations(sLI-RADS A)and≥20 mm observations(sLI-RADS B)in the diagnosis table of LI-RADS v2018,respectively,while the classification algorithm remained unchanged for observations<10 mm;the single threshold for sLI-RADS C and D was 20 mm,that is,for<20 mm observations,the algorithms for<10 mm observations(sLI-RADS C)and 10-19 mm observations(sLI-RADS D)were used,respectively,while the algorithm remained unchanged for observations≥20 mm.With hepatobiliary phase(HBP)hypointensity as a major feature(MF),the final sLI-RADS(F-sLI-RADS)was formed according to the optimal sLI-RADS,and its diagnostic performance was evaluated.The times needed to classify the observations according to F-sLIRADS and LI-RADS v2018 were compared.RESULTS The optimal sLI-RADS was sLI-RADS D(with a single threshold of 20 mm),because its sensitivity was greater than that of LI-RADS v2018(89.8%vs 87.0%,P=0.031),and its specificity was not lower(89.4%vs 90.1%,P>0.999).With HBP hypointensity as an MF,the sensitivity of F-sLI-RADS was greater than that of LI-RADS v2018(93.0%vs 87.0%,P<0.001)and sLI-RADS D(93.0%vs 89.8%,P=0.016),without a lower specificity(86.5%vs 90.1%,P=0.062;86.5%vs 89.4%,P=0.125).Compared with that of LI-RADS v2018,the time to classify lesions according to FsLI-RADS was shorter(51±21 s vs 73±24 s,P<0.001).CONCLUSION The use of sLI-RADS with HBP hypointensity as an MF may improve the sensitivity of HCC diagnosis and reduce lesion classification time.展开更多
Temporary spinal cord stimulation(tSCS)can effectively reduce the pain and severity of postherpetic neuralgia(PHN).However,there are no effective and objective methods for predicting the effects of tSCS on PHN.Laser s...Temporary spinal cord stimulation(tSCS)can effectively reduce the pain and severity of postherpetic neuralgia(PHN).However,there are no effective and objective methods for predicting the effects of tSCS on PHN.Laser speckle contrast imaging(LSCI)is frequently used in neurology to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.To assess the accuracy of LSCI in predicting the impact of tSCS on PHN,14 adult patients receiving tSCS treatments for spinal nerve-innervated(C6-T2)PHN participated in this observational study.Visual analog scale(VAS)assessments and LSCI bloodflow images of the-ngers were recorded after the tSCS procedure.The results showed that the VAS scores of all patients decreased signi-cantly.Moreover,the bloodflow index(BFI)values were signi-cantly higher than they were before the procedure.Increased bloodflow and pain alleviation were positively correlated.The-ndings indicated that spinal nerve PHN(C6-T2)was signi-cantly reduced by tSCS.Pain alleviation by tSCS was positively correlated with increased bloodflow in the hand.The effect of tSCS on PHN may thus be predicted using an independent and consistent indicator such as LSCI.展开更多
Aiming at the problem that the data-driven automatic correlation methods which are difficult to adapt to the automatic correlation of oil-bearing strata with large changes in lateral sedimentary facies and strata thic...Aiming at the problem that the data-driven automatic correlation methods which are difficult to adapt to the automatic correlation of oil-bearing strata with large changes in lateral sedimentary facies and strata thickness,an intelligent automatic correlation method of oil-bearing strata based on pattern constraints is formed.We propose to introduce knowledge-driven in automatic correlation of oil-bearing strata,constraining the correlation process by stratigraphic sedimentary patterns and improving the similarity measuring machine and conditional constraint dynamic time warping algorithm to automate the correlation of marker layers and the interfaces of each stratum.The application in Shishen 100 block in the Shinan Oilfield of the Bohai Bay Basin shows that the coincidence rate of the marker layers identified by this method is over 95.00%,and the average coincidence rate of identified oil-bearing strata reaches 90.02% compared to artificial correlation results,which is about 17 percentage points higher than that of the existing automatic correlation methods.The accuracy of the automatic correlation of oil-bearing strata has been effectively improved.展开更多
In order to address the problem of high false alarm rate and low probabilities of infrared small target detection in complex low-altitude background,an infrared small target detection method based on improved weighted...In order to address the problem of high false alarm rate and low probabilities of infrared small target detection in complex low-altitude background,an infrared small target detection method based on improved weighted local contrast is proposed in this paper.First,the ratio information between the target and local background is utilized as an enhancement factor.The local contrast is calculated by incorporating the heterogeneity between the target and local background.Then,a local product weighted method is designed based on the spatial dissimilarity between target and background to further enhance target while suppressing background.Finally,the location of target is obtained by adaptive threshold segmentation.As experimental results demonstrate,the method shows superior performance in several evaluation metrics compared with six existing algorithms on different datasets containing targets such as unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV).展开更多
Fruit infections have an impact on both the yield and the quality of the crop.As a result,an automated recognition system for fruit leaf diseases is important.In artificial intelligence(AI)applications,especially in a...Fruit infections have an impact on both the yield and the quality of the crop.As a result,an automated recognition system for fruit leaf diseases is important.In artificial intelligence(AI)applications,especially in agriculture,deep learning shows promising disease detection and classification results.The recent AI-based techniques have a few challenges for fruit disease recognition,such as low-resolution images,small datasets for learning models,and irrelevant feature extraction.This work proposed a new fruit leaf leaf leaf disease recognition framework using deep learning features and improved pathfinder optimization.Three fruit types have been employed in this work for the validation process,such as apple,grape,and Citrus.In the first step,a noisy dataset is prepared by employing the original images to learn the designed framework better.The EfficientNet-B0 deep model is fine-tuned on the next step and trained separately on the original and noisy data.After that,features are fused using a serial concatenation approach that is later optimized in the next step using an improved Path Finder Algorithm(PFA).This algorithm aims to select the best features based on the fitness score and ignore redundant information.The selected features are finally classified using machine learning classifiers such as Medium Neural Network,Wide Neural Network,and Support Vector Machine.The experimental process was conducted on each fruit dataset separately and obtained an accuracy of 100%,99.7%,99.7%,and 93.4%for apple,grape,Citrus fruit,and citrus plant leaves,respectively.A detailed analysis is conducted and also compared with the recent techniques,and the proposed framework shows improved accuracy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Non-invasive differential diagnosis between hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and other liver cancer(i.e.cholangiocarcinoma or metastasis)is highly challenging and definitive diagnosis still relies on histologic...BACKGROUND Non-invasive differential diagnosis between hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and other liver cancer(i.e.cholangiocarcinoma or metastasis)is highly challenging and definitive diagnosis still relies on histological exam.The patterns of enhancement and wash-out of liver nodules can be used to stratify the risk of malignancy only in cirrhotic patients and HCC frequently shows atypical features.Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound(DCEUS)with standardized software could help to overcome these obstacles,providing functional and quantitative parameters and potentially improving accuracy in the evaluation of tumor perfusion.AIM To explore clinical evidence regarding the application of DCEUS in the differential diagnosis of liver nodules.METHODS A comprehensive literature search of clinical studies was performed to identify the parameters of DCEUS that could relate to histological diagnosis.In accordance with the study protocol,a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the evidence was planned.RESULTS Rise time was significantly higher in HCC patients with a standardized mean difference(SMD)of 0.83(95%CI:0.48-1.18).Similarly,other statistically significant parameters were mean transit time local with a SMD of 0.73(95%CI:0.20-1.27),peak enhancement with a SMD of 0.37(95%CI:0.03-0.70),area wash-in area under the curve with a SMD of 0.47(95%CI:0.13-0.81),wash-out area under the curve with a SMD of 0.55(95%CI:0.21-0.89)and wash-in and wash-out area under the curve with SMD of 0.51(95%CI:0.17-0.85).SMD resulted not significant in fall time and wash-in rate,but the latter presented a trend towards greater values in HCC compared to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.CONCLUSION DCEUS could improve non-invasive diagnosis of HCC,leading to less liver biopsy and early treatment.This quantitative analysis needs to be applied on larger cohorts to confirm these preliminary results.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pelvic fractures(PF)with concomitant injuries are on the rise due to an increase of high-energy trauma.Increase of the elderly population with age related comorbidities further complicates the management.Ab...BACKGROUND Pelvic fractures(PF)with concomitant injuries are on the rise due to an increase of high-energy trauma.Increase of the elderly population with age related comorbidities further complicates the management.Abdominal organ injuries are kindred with PF due to the proximity to pelvic bones.Presence of contrast blush(CB)on computed tomography in patients with PF is considered a sign of active bleeding,however,its clinical significance and association with outcomes is debatable.AIM To analyze polytrauma patients with PF with a focus on the geriatric population,co-injuries and the value of contrast blush.METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 558 patients with PF admitted to level 1 trauma center(01/2017-01/2023).Analyzed variables included:Age,sex,mechanism of injury(MOI),injury severity score(ISS),Glasgow coma scale(GCS),abbreviated injury scale(AIS),co-injuries,transfusion requirements,pelvic angiography,embolization,laparotomy,orthopedic pelvic surgery,intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay,discharge disposition and mortality.The study compared geriatric and non-geriatric patients,patients with and without CB and abdominal co-injuries.Propensity score matching was implemented in comparison groups.RESULTS PF comprised 4%of all trauma admissions.89 patients had CB.286(52%)patients had concomitant injuries including 93(17%)patients with abdominal co-injuries.Geriatric patients compared to non-geriatric had more falls as MOI,lower ISS and AIS pelvis,higher GCS,less abdominal co-injuries,similar CB and angio-embolization rates,less orthopedic pelvic surgeries,shorter lengths of stay and higher mortality.After propensity matching,orthopedic pelvic surgery rates remained lower(8%vs 19%,P<0.001),hospital length of stay shorter,and mortality higher(13%vs 4%,P<0.001)in geriatric patients.Out of 89 patients with CB,45(51%)were embolized.After propensity matching,patients with CB compared to without CB had more pelvic angiography(71%vs 12%,P<0.001),higher embolization rates(64%vs 22%,P=0.02)and comparable mortality.CONCLUSION Half of the patients with PF had concomitant co-injuries,including abdominal co-injuries in 17%.Similarly injured geriatric patients had higher mortality.Half of the patients with CB required an embolization.展开更多
BACKGROUND Double-chambered left ventricle(DCLV)is an extremely rare congenital disease in which the left ventricle(LV)is divided by abnormal muscle tissue.Due to its rarity,there is a lack of data on the disease,incl...BACKGROUND Double-chambered left ventricle(DCLV)is an extremely rare congenital disease in which the left ventricle(LV)is divided by abnormal muscle tissue.Due to its rarity,there is a lack of data on the disease,including its diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis.Accordingly,we report a case in which DCLV was diagnosed and followed up.CASE SUMMARY A 45-year-old man presented to our hospital due to abnormal findings on an electrocardiogram recorded during a health check.He had no specific cardiac symptoms,comorbidities or relevant past medical history.Echocardiography revealed that the LV was divided into two by muscle fibers.There were no findings of ischemia on coronary angiography and coronary computed tomography angiography performed to exclude differential diagnoses.After comprehensive analysis of the images,DCLV was diagnosed.As it seemed to be asymptomatic DCLV,we decided the patient was to be observed without administering any medication.However,follow-up echocardiography revealed a thrombus in the accessory chamber(AC).Anticoagulant medication was initiated,the thrombus resolved,and the patient is currently undergoing follow-up without any specific symptoms.CONCLUSION Asymptomatic,uncomplicated DCLV was diagnosed through multimodal imaging;however,a thrombus in the AC occurred during the follow-up.The findings highlight that multimodal imaging is essential in diagnosing DCLV,and that anticoagulation is important in its management.展开更多
文摘Once more to the lake is a representative work of the American Writer, Elwyn Brooks White, and has been acclaimed by people in the world. The paper offers a three-layered contrasting analysis of the essay. By detailed analysis of the contrasts running through the whole essay, the author finds that those contrasts are symbol of White's internal struggle and reflection for life.On the foundation of the three-layered contrasts, the paper presents the theme analysis and clarifies the content of the essay.
文摘Using the monthly geopotential heights and winds for 700 and 200 hPa for India during July and August, and the weekly M-100 Soviet rocketsonde temperature and wind data for Thumba (8.5 ° N, 76.9 ° E) during the last week of June and the first week of September for the two contrasting summer monsoon years 1975 (a very strong monsoon year) and 1979 (a very weak monsoon year), a study has been made to examine the mean circulation features of the troposphere over India, and the structures of the temperatures and the winds of the middle atmosphere over Thumba. The study suggested that the axis of the monsoon trough (AMT) at 700 hPa shifted southward in 1975 and northward towards the foothills of the Himalayas in 1979, from its normal position. Superimposed on the low-pressure area (AMT) at 700 hPa, a well-defined divergence was noticed at 200 hPa over the northern India in 1975.The mean temperatures at 25,50 and 60 km (middle atmosphere) over Thumba were cooler in 1975 than in 1979. While a cooling trend in 1975 and warming trend in 1979 were observed at 25 and 50 km, a reversed picture was noticed at 60 km. There was a weak easterly / westerly (weak westerly phase) zonal wind in 1975 and a strong easterly zonal wind in 1979. A phase reversal of the zonal wind was observed at 50 km. A tentative physical mechanism was offered, in terms of upward propagation of the two equatorially trapped planetary waves i.e. the Kelvin and the mixed Rossby-gravity waves, to explain the occurrence of the two spells of strong warmings in the mesosphere in 1975.
文摘The iconic image of a giant radiating dyke swarm subsequently fragmented into three pieces via supercontinental breakup was produced by Paul May in1971(see next page).That figure presented a large part of
文摘The Awakening is about the heroine Edna Pontellier awakes and tries to reset her relation with the world in New Orleans,a place the family chose to spend the summer, where there also are influences working their way to awake Edna. Among them, theeffects from Madame Ratignolle and Madame Reisz are of great importance in the process of Edna's awakening and to her final sui-cide. This dissertation will see how Edna is affected by and distinguished from them, and get the conclusion that Edna fails being alife mediator by contrasting with the two women.
基金Chongqing Natural Science Foundation General Project,No.2023NSCQ-MSX1632 and No.2023NSCQ-MSX1633Key Scientific and Technological Research Project of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission,No.KJ202302884457913 and No.KJZDK202302801+1 种基金2022 Scientific Research Project of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College,No.ygz2022104Scientific Research and Seedling Breeding Project of Chongqing Medical Biotechnology Association,No.cmba2022kyym-zkxmQ0003.
文摘This letter to the editor is a commentary on a study titled"Liver metastases:The role of magnetic resonance imaging."Exploring a noninvasive imaging evaluation system for the biological behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the key to achieving precise diagnosis and treatment and improving prognosis.This review summarizes the role of magnetic resonance imaging in the detection and evaluation of liver metastases,describes its main imaging features,and focuses on the added value of the latest imaging tools(such as T1 weighted in phase imaging,T1 weighted out of phase imaging;diffusion-weighted imaging,T2 weighted imaging).In this study,I investigated the necessity and benefits of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid for HCC diagnostic testing and prognostic evaluation.
基金supported by the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(Grant No.2020B0301030004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42275006 and 42030604)+1 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2023A1515011705)the Science and Technology Research Project for Society of Foshan(Grant No.2120001008761).
文摘The Pearl River Delta(PRD),a tornado hotspot,forms a distinct trumpet-shaped coastline that concaves toward the South China Sea.During the summer monsoon season,low-level southwesterlies over the PRD’s sea surface tend to be turned toward the west coast,constituting a convergent wind field along with the landward-side southwesterlies,which influences regional convective weather.This two-part study explores the roles of this unique land–sea contrast of the trumpet-shaped coastline in the formation of a tornadic mesovortex within monsoonal flows in this region.Part I primarily presents observational analyses of pre-storm environments and storm evolutions.The rotating storm developed in a lowshear environment(not ideal for a supercell)under the interactions of three air masses under the influence of the land–sea contrast,monsoon,and storm cold outflows.This intersection zone(or“triple point”)is typically characterized by local enhancements of ambient vertical vorticity and convergence.Based on a rapid-scan X-band phased-array radar,finger-like echoes were recognized shortly after the gust front intruded on the triple point.Developed over the triple point,they rapidly wrapped up with a well-defined low-level mesovortex.It is thus presumed that the triple point may have played roles in the mesovortex genesis,which will be demonstrated in Part II with multiple sensitivity numerical simulations.The findings also suggest that when storms pass over the boundary intersection zone in the PRD,the expected possibility of a rotating storm occurring is relatively high,even in a low-shear environment.Improved knowledge of such environments provides additional guidance to assess the regional tornado risk.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41888101)。
文摘One of the basic characteristics of Earth's modern climate is that the Northern Hemisphere(NH) is climatologically warmer than the Southern Hemisphere(SH). Here, model performances of this basic state are examined using simulation results from 26 CMIP6 models. Results show that the CMIP6 models underestimate the contrast in interhemispheric surface temperatures on average(0.8 K for CMIP6 mean versus 1.4 K for reanalysis data mean), and that there is a large intermodel spread, ranging from -0.7 K to 2.3 K. A box model energy budget analysis shows that the contrast in interhemispheric shortwave absorption at the top of the atmosphere, the contrast in interhemispheric greenhouse trapping, and the crossequatorial northward ocean heat transport, are all underestimated in the multimodel mean. By examining the intermodel spread, we find intermodel biases can be tracked back to biases in midlatitude shortwave cloud forcing in AGCMs. Models with a weaker interhemispheric temperature contrast underestimate the shortwave cloud reflection in the SH but overestimate the shortwave cloud reflection in the NH, which are respectively due to underestimation of the cloud fraction over the SH extratropical ocean and overestimation of the cloud liquid water content over the NH extratropical continents.Models that underestimate the interhemispheric temperature contrast exhibit larger double ITCZ biases, characterized by excessive precipitation in the SH tropics. Although this intermodel spread does not account for the multimodel ensemble mean biases, it highlights that improving cloud simulation in AGCMs is essential for simulating the climate realistically in coupled models.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52106099)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China (Grant No.ZR2022YQ57)the Taishan Scholars Program。
文摘Relative rotation between the emitter and receiver could effectively modulate the near-field radiative heat transfer(NFRHT)in anisotropic media.Due to the strong in-plane anisotropy,natural hyperbolic materials can be used to construct near-field radiative modulators with excellent modulation effects.However,in practical applications,natural hyperbolic materials need to be deposited on the substrate,and the influence of substrate on modulation effect has not been studied yet.In this work,we investigate the influence of substrate effect on near-field radiative modulator based onα-MoO_(3).The results show that compared to the situation without a substrate,the presence of both lossless and lossy substrate will reduce the modulation contrast(MC)for different film thicknesses.When the real or imaginary component of the substrate permittivity increases,the mismatch of hyperbolic phonon polaritons(HPPs)weakens,resulting in a reduction in MC.By reducing the real and imaginary components of substrate permittivity,the MC can be significantly improved,reaching 4.64 forε_(s)=3 at t=10 nm.This work indicates that choosing a substrate with a smaller permittivity helps to achieve a better modulation effect,and provides guidance for the application of natural hyperbolic materials in the near-field radiative modulator.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Fund of the Wenzhou Science and Technology Division,No.Y2020798 and No.Y2020805.
文摘BACKGROUND The detection rate of peptic ulcer in children is improving,with development of diagnostic procedures.Gastroscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of peptic ulcer,but it is an invasive procedure.Gastrointestinal contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS)has the advantages of being painless,noninvasive,nonradioactive,easy to use,and safe.AIM To investigate the clinical value of CEUS for diagnosis and treatment of peptic ulcer in children.METHODS We investigated 43 children with digestive tract symptoms in our hospital from January 2021 to June 2022.All children were examined by routine ultrasound,gastrointestinal CEUS,and gastroscopy.The pathological results of gastroscopy were taken as the gold standard.Routine ultrasonography was performed before gastrointestinal CEUS.Conventional ultrasound showed the thickness of the gastroduodenal wall,gastric peristalsis,and the adjacent organs and tissues around the abdominal cavity.Gastrointestinal CEUS recorded the thickness of the gastroduodenal wall;the size,location and shape of the ulcer;gastric peristalsis;and adjacent organs and tissues around the abdominal cavity.The results of routine ultrasound and gastrointestinal ultrasound were compared with those of gastroscopy to evaluate the diagnostic results and coincidence rate of routine ultrasound and gastrointestinal CEUS.All children received informed consent from their guardians for CEUS.This study was reviewed and approved by the hospital medical ethics committee.RESULTS Among the 43 children,17(15 male,2 female)were diagnosed with peptic ulcer by gastroscopy.There were 26 children with nonpeptic ulcer.There were eight cases of peptic ulcer and 35 of nonpeptic ulcer diagnosed by conventional ultrasound.The diagnostic coincidence rate of peptic ulcer in children diagnosed by conventional ultrasound was 79.1%(34/43),which was significantly different from that of gastroscopy(P=0.033).It indicates that the coincidence rate of gastrointestinal contrast-enhanced ultrasound and gastroscope is low.Fifteen cases of peptic ulcer and 28 of nonpeptic ulcer were diagnosed by CEUS.The diagnostic coincidence rate of peptic ulcer in children was 95.3%(41/43).There was no significant difference between CEUS and gastroscopy(P=0.655).It indicates that the coincidence rate of gastrointestinal contrast-enhanced ultrasound and gastroscope is high.CONCLUSION Gastrointestinal CEUS has a high coincidence rate in the diagnosis of peptic ulcer in children,and can be used as a preliminary examination method.
基金Project supported by LingChuang Research Project of China National Nuclear Corporationthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12027812)。
文摘Dual-phase and three-phase grating x-ray interference is a promising new technique for grating-based x-ray differential phase contrast imaging.Dual-phase grating interferometers have been relatively completely studied and discussed.In this paper,the corresponding imaging fringe formula of the three-phase grating interferometer is provided.At the same time,the similarities and differences between the three-phase grating interferometer and the dual-phase grating interferometer are investigated and verified,and that the three-phase grating interferometer can produce large-period moiréfringes without using the analyzing grating is demonstrated experimentally.Finally,a simple method of designing three-phase grating and multi-grating imaging systems from geometric optics based on the thin-lens theory of gratings is presented.These theoretical formulas and experimental results provide optimization tools for designing three-phase grating interferometer systems.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2019YFE03090100 and 2022YFE03100002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12075241)。
文摘The optical design of near-infrared phase contrast imaging(NI-PCI)diagnosis on HL-2A is introduced in this paper.This scheme benefits from the great progress of near-infrared laser technology and is a broadening of traditional phase contrast technology.This diagnostic can work as a keen tool to measure plasma wavenumber spectra by inferring string-integrated plasma density fluctuations.Design of both the front optical path which is the path before the laser transmitting into the tokamak plasma and the rear optics which is the path after the laser passing through the plasma is detailed.The 1550 nm laser is chosen as the probe beam and highprecision optical components are designed to fit the laser beam,in which a phase plate with a 194-nm-deep silver groove is the key.Compared with the conventional 10.6μm laser-based PCI system on HL-2A,NI-PCI significantly overcomes the unwanted phase scintillation effect and promotes the measurement capability of high-wavenumber turbulence with an increased maximal measurable wavenumber from 15 cm^(-1)to 32.6 cm^(-1).
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia Province(No.2023AAC03316)the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Education Department Higher Edu-cation Key Scientific Research Project(No.NYG2022051)the North Minzu University Graduate Innovation Project(YCX23146).
文摘Knowledge graph can assist in improving recommendation performance and is widely applied in various person-alized recommendation domains.However,existing knowledge-aware recommendation methods face challenges such as weak user-item interaction supervisory signals and noise in the knowledge graph.To tackle these issues,this paper proposes a neighbor information contrast-enhanced recommendation method by adding subtle noise to construct contrast views and employing contrastive learning to strengthen supervisory signals and reduce knowledge noise.Specifically,first,this paper adopts heterogeneous propagation and knowledge-aware attention networks to obtain multi-order neighbor embedding of users and items,mining the high-order neighbor informa-tion of users and items.Next,in the neighbor information,this paper introduces weak noise following a uniform distribution to construct neighbor contrast views,effectively reducing the time overhead of view construction.This paper then performs contrastive learning between neighbor views to promote the uniformity of view information,adjusting the neighbor structure,and achieving the goal of reducing the knowledge noise in the knowledge graph.Finally,this paper introduces multi-task learning to mitigate the problem of weak supervisory signals.To validate the effectiveness of our method,experiments are conducted on theMovieLens-1M,MovieLens-20M,Book-Crossing,and Last-FM datasets.The results showthat compared to the best baselines,our method shows significant improvements in AUC and F1.
基金by The Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project,No.TJYXZDXK-074C.
文摘BACKGROUND The liver imaging reporting and data system(LI-RADS)diagnostic table has 15 cells and is too complex.The diagnostic performance of LI-RADS for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is not satisfactory on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(EOB-MRI).AIM To evaluate the ability of the simplified LI-RADS(sLI-RADS)to diagnose HCC on EOB-MRI.METHODS A total of 331 patients with 356 hepatic observations were retrospectively analysed.The diagnostic performance of sLI-RADS A-D using a single threshold was evaluated and compared with LI-RADS v2018 to determine the optimal sLIRADS.The algorithms of sLI-RADS A-D are as follows:The single threshold for sLI-RADS A and B was 10 mm,that is,classified observations≥10mm using an algorithm of 10-19 mm observations(sLI-RADS A)and≥20 mm observations(sLI-RADS B)in the diagnosis table of LI-RADS v2018,respectively,while the classification algorithm remained unchanged for observations<10 mm;the single threshold for sLI-RADS C and D was 20 mm,that is,for<20 mm observations,the algorithms for<10 mm observations(sLI-RADS C)and 10-19 mm observations(sLI-RADS D)were used,respectively,while the algorithm remained unchanged for observations≥20 mm.With hepatobiliary phase(HBP)hypointensity as a major feature(MF),the final sLI-RADS(F-sLI-RADS)was formed according to the optimal sLI-RADS,and its diagnostic performance was evaluated.The times needed to classify the observations according to F-sLIRADS and LI-RADS v2018 were compared.RESULTS The optimal sLI-RADS was sLI-RADS D(with a single threshold of 20 mm),because its sensitivity was greater than that of LI-RADS v2018(89.8%vs 87.0%,P=0.031),and its specificity was not lower(89.4%vs 90.1%,P>0.999).With HBP hypointensity as an MF,the sensitivity of F-sLI-RADS was greater than that of LI-RADS v2018(93.0%vs 87.0%,P<0.001)and sLI-RADS D(93.0%vs 89.8%,P=0.016),without a lower specificity(86.5%vs 90.1%,P=0.062;86.5%vs 89.4%,P=0.125).Compared with that of LI-RADS v2018,the time to classify lesions according to FsLI-RADS was shorter(51±21 s vs 73±24 s,P<0.001).CONCLUSION The use of sLI-RADS with HBP hypointensity as an MF may improve the sensitivity of HCC diagnosis and reduce lesion classification time.
基金supported by the Clinical Frontier Technology Program of the First A±liated Hospital of Jinan University,China(No.JNU1AFCFTP-2022-a01212)the Clinical Research Funds for the First Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University(Grant No.2018006).
文摘Temporary spinal cord stimulation(tSCS)can effectively reduce the pain and severity of postherpetic neuralgia(PHN).However,there are no effective and objective methods for predicting the effects of tSCS on PHN.Laser speckle contrast imaging(LSCI)is frequently used in neurology to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.To assess the accuracy of LSCI in predicting the impact of tSCS on PHN,14 adult patients receiving tSCS treatments for spinal nerve-innervated(C6-T2)PHN participated in this observational study.Visual analog scale(VAS)assessments and LSCI bloodflow images of the-ngers were recorded after the tSCS procedure.The results showed that the VAS scores of all patients decreased signi-cantly.Moreover,the bloodflow index(BFI)values were signi-cantly higher than they were before the procedure.Increased bloodflow and pain alleviation were positively correlated.The-ndings indicated that spinal nerve PHN(C6-T2)was signi-cantly reduced by tSCS.Pain alleviation by tSCS was positively correlated with increased bloodflow in the hand.The effect of tSCS on PHN may thus be predicted using an independent and consistent indicator such as LSCI.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42272110)CNPC-China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Strategic Cooperation Project(ZLZX2020-02).
文摘Aiming at the problem that the data-driven automatic correlation methods which are difficult to adapt to the automatic correlation of oil-bearing strata with large changes in lateral sedimentary facies and strata thickness,an intelligent automatic correlation method of oil-bearing strata based on pattern constraints is formed.We propose to introduce knowledge-driven in automatic correlation of oil-bearing strata,constraining the correlation process by stratigraphic sedimentary patterns and improving the similarity measuring machine and conditional constraint dynamic time warping algorithm to automate the correlation of marker layers and the interfaces of each stratum.The application in Shishen 100 block in the Shinan Oilfield of the Bohai Bay Basin shows that the coincidence rate of the marker layers identified by this method is over 95.00%,and the average coincidence rate of identified oil-bearing strata reaches 90.02% compared to artificial correlation results,which is about 17 percentage points higher than that of the existing automatic correlation methods.The accuracy of the automatic correlation of oil-bearing strata has been effectively improved.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.U1833203),the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.62301036)the Aviation Science Foundation (No.2020Z019055001)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project (No.2022M720446)。
文摘In order to address the problem of high false alarm rate and low probabilities of infrared small target detection in complex low-altitude background,an infrared small target detection method based on improved weighted local contrast is proposed in this paper.First,the ratio information between the target and local background is utilized as an enhancement factor.The local contrast is calculated by incorporating the heterogeneity between the target and local background.Then,a local product weighted method is designed based on the spatial dissimilarity between target and background to further enhance target while suppressing background.Finally,the location of target is obtained by adaptive threshold segmentation.As experimental results demonstrate,the method shows superior performance in several evaluation metrics compared with six existing algorithms on different datasets containing targets such as unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV).
文摘Fruit infections have an impact on both the yield and the quality of the crop.As a result,an automated recognition system for fruit leaf diseases is important.In artificial intelligence(AI)applications,especially in agriculture,deep learning shows promising disease detection and classification results.The recent AI-based techniques have a few challenges for fruit disease recognition,such as low-resolution images,small datasets for learning models,and irrelevant feature extraction.This work proposed a new fruit leaf leaf leaf disease recognition framework using deep learning features and improved pathfinder optimization.Three fruit types have been employed in this work for the validation process,such as apple,grape,and Citrus.In the first step,a noisy dataset is prepared by employing the original images to learn the designed framework better.The EfficientNet-B0 deep model is fine-tuned on the next step and trained separately on the original and noisy data.After that,features are fused using a serial concatenation approach that is later optimized in the next step using an improved Path Finder Algorithm(PFA).This algorithm aims to select the best features based on the fitness score and ignore redundant information.The selected features are finally classified using machine learning classifiers such as Medium Neural Network,Wide Neural Network,and Support Vector Machine.The experimental process was conducted on each fruit dataset separately and obtained an accuracy of 100%,99.7%,99.7%,and 93.4%for apple,grape,Citrus fruit,and citrus plant leaves,respectively.A detailed analysis is conducted and also compared with the recent techniques,and the proposed framework shows improved accuracy.
文摘BACKGROUND Non-invasive differential diagnosis between hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and other liver cancer(i.e.cholangiocarcinoma or metastasis)is highly challenging and definitive diagnosis still relies on histological exam.The patterns of enhancement and wash-out of liver nodules can be used to stratify the risk of malignancy only in cirrhotic patients and HCC frequently shows atypical features.Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound(DCEUS)with standardized software could help to overcome these obstacles,providing functional and quantitative parameters and potentially improving accuracy in the evaluation of tumor perfusion.AIM To explore clinical evidence regarding the application of DCEUS in the differential diagnosis of liver nodules.METHODS A comprehensive literature search of clinical studies was performed to identify the parameters of DCEUS that could relate to histological diagnosis.In accordance with the study protocol,a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the evidence was planned.RESULTS Rise time was significantly higher in HCC patients with a standardized mean difference(SMD)of 0.83(95%CI:0.48-1.18).Similarly,other statistically significant parameters were mean transit time local with a SMD of 0.73(95%CI:0.20-1.27),peak enhancement with a SMD of 0.37(95%CI:0.03-0.70),area wash-in area under the curve with a SMD of 0.47(95%CI:0.13-0.81),wash-out area under the curve with a SMD of 0.55(95%CI:0.21-0.89)and wash-in and wash-out area under the curve with SMD of 0.51(95%CI:0.17-0.85).SMD resulted not significant in fall time and wash-in rate,but the latter presented a trend towards greater values in HCC compared to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.CONCLUSION DCEUS could improve non-invasive diagnosis of HCC,leading to less liver biopsy and early treatment.This quantitative analysis needs to be applied on larger cohorts to confirm these preliminary results.
文摘BACKGROUND Pelvic fractures(PF)with concomitant injuries are on the rise due to an increase of high-energy trauma.Increase of the elderly population with age related comorbidities further complicates the management.Abdominal organ injuries are kindred with PF due to the proximity to pelvic bones.Presence of contrast blush(CB)on computed tomography in patients with PF is considered a sign of active bleeding,however,its clinical significance and association with outcomes is debatable.AIM To analyze polytrauma patients with PF with a focus on the geriatric population,co-injuries and the value of contrast blush.METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 558 patients with PF admitted to level 1 trauma center(01/2017-01/2023).Analyzed variables included:Age,sex,mechanism of injury(MOI),injury severity score(ISS),Glasgow coma scale(GCS),abbreviated injury scale(AIS),co-injuries,transfusion requirements,pelvic angiography,embolization,laparotomy,orthopedic pelvic surgery,intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay,discharge disposition and mortality.The study compared geriatric and non-geriatric patients,patients with and without CB and abdominal co-injuries.Propensity score matching was implemented in comparison groups.RESULTS PF comprised 4%of all trauma admissions.89 patients had CB.286(52%)patients had concomitant injuries including 93(17%)patients with abdominal co-injuries.Geriatric patients compared to non-geriatric had more falls as MOI,lower ISS and AIS pelvis,higher GCS,less abdominal co-injuries,similar CB and angio-embolization rates,less orthopedic pelvic surgeries,shorter lengths of stay and higher mortality.After propensity matching,orthopedic pelvic surgery rates remained lower(8%vs 19%,P<0.001),hospital length of stay shorter,and mortality higher(13%vs 4%,P<0.001)in geriatric patients.Out of 89 patients with CB,45(51%)were embolized.After propensity matching,patients with CB compared to without CB had more pelvic angiography(71%vs 12%,P<0.001),higher embolization rates(64%vs 22%,P=0.02)and comparable mortality.CONCLUSION Half of the patients with PF had concomitant co-injuries,including abdominal co-injuries in 17%.Similarly injured geriatric patients had higher mortality.Half of the patients with CB required an embolization.
文摘BACKGROUND Double-chambered left ventricle(DCLV)is an extremely rare congenital disease in which the left ventricle(LV)is divided by abnormal muscle tissue.Due to its rarity,there is a lack of data on the disease,including its diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis.Accordingly,we report a case in which DCLV was diagnosed and followed up.CASE SUMMARY A 45-year-old man presented to our hospital due to abnormal findings on an electrocardiogram recorded during a health check.He had no specific cardiac symptoms,comorbidities or relevant past medical history.Echocardiography revealed that the LV was divided into two by muscle fibers.There were no findings of ischemia on coronary angiography and coronary computed tomography angiography performed to exclude differential diagnoses.After comprehensive analysis of the images,DCLV was diagnosed.As it seemed to be asymptomatic DCLV,we decided the patient was to be observed without administering any medication.However,follow-up echocardiography revealed a thrombus in the accessory chamber(AC).Anticoagulant medication was initiated,the thrombus resolved,and the patient is currently undergoing follow-up without any specific symptoms.CONCLUSION Asymptomatic,uncomplicated DCLV was diagnosed through multimodal imaging;however,a thrombus in the AC occurred during the follow-up.The findings highlight that multimodal imaging is essential in diagnosing DCLV,and that anticoagulation is important in its management.