“抗帕颗粒”对帕金森病小鼠结肠ICC细胞及线粒体自噬相关蛋白Beclin-l/LC3B表达的影响

目的探讨中药“抗帕颗粒”通过调控Cajal间质细胞(ICC)及线粒体自噬改善帕金森病(PD)肠道动力障碍的作用机制。方法PD小鼠模型制作采用MPTP腹腔注射法,随机法分组:空白组(A组)、PD对照组(B组)和PD干预组(“抗帕颗粒”)(C组),每组10只。A、B组予生理盐水灌胃(1ml·d^(-1)),C组“抗帕颗粒”灌胃(40mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1))。4个月后每组中随机取5只小鼠结肠组织被用于免疫组化检测,每组余下5只小鼠结肠壁组织被用于提取蛋白Western blotting法检测,检测内容c-kit、Beclin l、LC3B的表达;透射电子显微镜观测结肠壁ICC细胞结构。结果(1)免疫组化结果显示:与A组相比,B组、C组C-kit、Beclin1、LC3B表达水平均显著升高(^(a)P<0.01),与B组相比,C组C-kit、LC3B表达水平显著降低(^(c)P<0.01),而Beclin1的表达水平无显著变化;(2)Western blot结果显示,与A组相比,B组、C组Beclin1、LC3B、C-kit表达水平均显著升高(^(a)P<0.01);与B组相比,C组的Beclin1、LC3B、C-kit表达水平均显著降低(^(c)P<0.01);(3)透射电子显微镜观察显示,PD模型小鼠的结肠ICC中出现自噬囊泡,“抗帕颗粒”干预后PD模型小鼠自噬囊泡减少。结论“抗帕颗粒”通过抑制肠道ICC过度自噬,保护细胞结构;并且抑制了由ICC过度自噬导致的细胞程序性死亡而出现的ICC数量反应性增加;其主要作用是改善了ICC结构的异常。这可能是“抗帕颗粒”改善PD小鼠肠道传输功能的机制之一。

“抗帕颗粒”通过PINK1/Parkin信号通路对帕金森小鼠结肠ICC线粒体自噬的影响

目的 探讨“抗帕颗粒”通过PINK1/Parkin信号通路对帕金森(PD)小鼠结肠Cajal间质细胞(ICC)线粒体自噬的影响。方法 MPTP腹腔注射技术用于制作PD小鼠模型,将其随机分为A组(空白对照组)、B组(PD对照组)和C组(PD “抗帕颗粒”组),每组10只。A组和B组接受生理盐水灌胃(1mL·d^(-1)),C组“抗帕颗粒”(40mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1))的灌胃治疗。4个月后每组中随机取5只小鼠结肠组织被用于免疫组化检测,每组余下5只小鼠结肠壁组织被用于提取蛋白Western blotting法检测,检测项目为PINK1、Parkin的表达;透射电子显微镜观测结肠壁ICC细胞自噬情况。结果(1)经过免疫组化检测,B组和C组的PINK1和Parkin表达水平较A组显著上升(P <0.01);而C组的PINK1和Parkin表达水平较B组则显著下降(P<0.01);(2)经过Western blot检测,与A组相比,B组和C组的PINK1和Parkin表达水平均显著提高(P<0.01);最后,经过与B组对比分析,发现C组PINK1的表达水平没有明显变化,而Parkin的表达水平却有所下降(P<0.05);(3)透射电子显微镜观察发现,PD模型小鼠结肠ICC中存在自噬囊泡,“抗帕颗粒”干预后,这种囊泡的数量明显减少。结论 “抗帕颗粒”通过抑制PD小鼠肠道ICC过度自噬,保护细胞结构;PINK1/Parkin途径是实现这种神经保护作用的通路。

ICC跨文化交际能力教学模式下军事英语教学策略探究

全球化背景下,世界各国国防力量已聚焦国际舞台。各国军事行动和军事合作交流日益频繁,这对军事人员的外语能力提出了更高的要求。因此,跨文化能力已成为衡量国际化环境下新型军事人才综合素质的重要尺度。作为开展军事英语教学的院校,培养和提高学员的跨文化能力成为亟待探究的重要课题。本研究基于英国语言学家Byram提出的ICC (Intercultural Communicative Competence) 文化教学模式,从军事英语跨文化教学出发,探索培养和提高学员的跨文化交际能力的相关策略,充分发挥军事英语在对外交往中的桥梁纽带作用,为培养军事国际化人才提供有效借鉴。

Opinions of Students on the Contribution of the DIVA 3D Virtual Dissection Table to the Teaching of Anatomy at the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of Bamako

Objective: Study the contribution of the DIVA 3D dissection table in the teaching of anatomy at the Faculty of Medicine and Odontology of Bamako. Material and Methods: This was a qualitative study carried out from November 1 to December 30, 2023 at the clinical and morphological anatomy laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of Bamako. Included in this study were students who participated in practical and tutorial sessions. The variables studied during this study were: the previous performance of dissection on a cadaver by the students, the opinion of the students on dissection on a cadaver, the replacement of dissection on a cadaver by virtual dissection in the absence of a body, the level student satisfaction. Results: We surveyed 130 participants. The average age was 22 ± 0.2 years with extremes of 17 and 29 years. 95.3% of participants were students. According to 66.7% of participants, virtual dissection is a good palliative in the absence of a corpse. 95.3% of participants found using the virtual dissection table easy with an average of 7.88 ± 1.4. The overall assessment was well rated by 99.3% of participants. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the virtual dissection table should be improved by integrating commented videos. The use of the DIVA 3D virtual dissection table during practical and tutorial sessions is well appreciated by the students. We believe that the teaching of anatomy using 3D digital technology should be included in the study programs of the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology.

National Social Investment Programmes in Nigeria:A Descriptive Analysis of the Socio-Economic Contributions of N-Power Programme in Benue State

This study analysed the socio-economic contributions of N-Power programme amongst the beneficiaries of the scheme in Benue State.Prior to the introduction of N-Power programme,successive administrations in Nigeria have made concerted efforts towards improving the standard of living of the citizenry through the execution of various welfare or social intervention programmes,but not much successes were recorded.Learning from the mistakes of the past regimes,and by way of deliberate state policy,the Buhari’s government initiated a multi-pronged social investment policy,one of which is the N-power programme that came onboard in 2016,which also doubles as the subject of this study.To achieve the goal of this study,a combination of desktop research and survey design was employed.Questionnaires were administered to 390 respondents through a combination of stratified and random sampling techniques.The results of the survey were matched with that of the secondary data obtained through online websites and other related sources.The result indicated that N-Power made positive contributions to the socio-economic life of the beneficiaries in Benue State:specifically,the scheme contributed in poverty eradication,employment generation,skills acquisitions and capacity building.However,some aspect of our findings revealed that the programme has a number of challenges such as:inadequate cash support,delay in monthly cash transfer to beneficiaries,distance participants had to move to their work stations,absence of posting in N-Teach scheme,and lack of adequate working tools amongst others.To salvage this problem the paper recommended the following solutions:expansion of the scheme to cover N-Teach and other aspects,increment in the monthly cash transfer to cushion the high rate of inflation,support for the participants/beneficiaries in transportation and logistics,enrolment of more youth into the various schemes,proper monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the schemes amongst others.

An Analysis of Innovative Contributions to the Important Discourse on the Development of New Quality Productivity

The discourse on developing high-quality productivity marks a significant theoretical innovation,which is conducive to the modernization and sinicization of Marxism.It refines our understanding of“new quality productivity,”defining it as an advanced form driven by innovation,embodying“high technology,efficiency,and quality,”with the aim of comprehensively enhancing productivity.It elucidates the necessity of cultivating such forces,asserting that they are crucial for achieving high-quality development,securing a leading position in global technology,and fulfilling the aspirations for a better life.Moreover,it outlines a new implementation route,emphasizing strategies such as fostering technological autonomy,nurturing emerging industries,integrating education and talent in technology,adopting a“build through challenges”approach,adjusting solutions locally,and providing categorized guidance,all of which are based on the ongoing comprehensive reforms.

解读《幸福终点站》中维克多·纳沃斯基的跨文化能力——基于拜拉姆ICC模型

外语能力不等同跨文化能力,在通过英语电影学习语言的同时必须要有跨文化的意识。电影《幸福终点站》讲述了东欧人纳沃斯基在肯尼迪机场的跨文化适应,他凭借积极的心态和出色的动手能力赢得了他人的尊重和爱戴。纳沃斯基在机场的经历是一例精彩的跨文化互动,本文基于拜拉姆的ICC理论模型对他的跨文化能力进行解读,以期为英语学习者培养跨文化能力提供参考。

基于印刷机ICC色彩管理的再现意图分析

在ICC色彩管理体系中,设备的颜色特性和介质、观察、测量颜色的条件等信息都保存在特性文件中,供色彩转换模块调用,以便实现不同设备间的颜色转换。因此ICC特性文件在色彩管理中起着重要作用。但是因为特性文件是一个电子文件,即使建立了特性文件,也不知道其中包含的数据是什么,或者这些数据代表的颜色特性是什么,很难对其进行检验。1993年,由国际色彩联盟ICC提出了用于色彩管理的ICC标准,此标准中定义了视觉、饱和度、相对色度、绝对色度4种基本的再现意图。

基于喷墨打印机ICC色彩管理的再现意图分析

国际色彩联盟ICC提出了用于色彩管理的ICC标准,此标准中定义了视觉、饱和度、相对色度、绝对色度4种基本的再现意图。ICC色彩管理中颜色转换的再现意图,也被称之为转换目的或再现目的或渲染方法,它是颜色在进行色貌变换和色域映射时的选择依据,选择不同的再现意图,所得到的特性连接色空间值(PCS)不同,最后得到的颜色复制效果也是不同的。因此,再现意图在色彩管理中是一个非常关键的概念,选择合适的再现意图才能得到用户所希望的颜色复制效果。

基于“以枢调枢”与ICC线粒体自噬相关性探讨芪石升降归元饮治疗GERD的理论基础

脏腑经络枢机失衡所致的消化道动力障碍与胃食管反流病(Gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)发病相关,脾胃为气机之枢纽,可以运化水谷精微转化为能量,而任督统诸身之阴阳,构成人体最大的脏腑经络交感循环系统,故任督二气之交感平衡是脾胃枢机条衡的原动力;Cajal间质细胞(Interstitial cells of Cajal,ICC)是消化道动力之枢纽,可以通过线粒体自噬途径维持线粒体能量代谢功能,改善消化道动力。故本文以脏腑经络枢机之枢转驱动ICC线粒体能量平衡的“以枢调枢”理论为切入点,探讨了GERD“任督二脉枢机失衡-脾胃运化功能失调”以及“ICC线粒体自噬障碍-ICC起搏与传导功能失常-消化道动力障碍”的分子生物学理论基础,并阐释基于“以枢调枢”创立的中药复方芪石升降归元饮治疗GERD的可行性,有助于实现“以枢调枢”理论的微观化、具体化及实现中医药理论的现代化,并为GERD的诊疗提供理论依据。

《英语国家社会与文化入门》课程教学中跨文化交际能力培养探析--基于Byram的ICC理论模型

Byram(1997)提出的ICC理论模型是西方跨文化交际理论研究领域内最有影响的模型之一。文章根据Byram(1997)的ICC理论模型,从态度、知识、技能和批判性文化意识四个维度,详细论述了《英语国家社会与文化入门》课程教学中如何设计课堂活动,提升英语专业学生跨文化交际能力。

The Contribution Margin due to a Limiting Factor in the Presence of Several Sales Options: Actuality Is Not Always As It Appears at the Beginning of the Analysis

The analysis of company data useful for economic decisions,if not interpreted in an overall view of the company situation,can lead to wrong conclusions.This is the case when a company has to choose between several sales options for one or more products in the presence of a limiting factor.The continuation of the investigation often denies the initial analysis.Not everything is as it appears,therefore,at the beginning of the deepening of the data useful for economic decisions.As it is well known,the choices of profitability concerning the planning of the sale of company products take place,at least in the majority of cases,through the determination of the contribution margin,i.e.the profitability margin connected to the individual goods/services sold by the companies(selling price net of variable costs).The contribution margin can be determined with four objectives:(1)Determination of the yield of the single product,net of variable costs only.In this case,the margin defines unitary,from net product yield to unitary contribution margin.(2)Determination of the return on total sales of an individual product,net of variable costs.In this hypothesis,reference is made to the first level(or gross)contribution margin.(3)Determination of the ability of the individual product to contribute to the coverage of fixed costs common to the company.This margin is determined net of special product variable and fixed costs.This aggregate is defined as a Level II(or semi-gross)margin.(4)Determination of the useful value in the planning choices in case of presence of scarce productive factors.In this case,it must identify the so-called unitary margin for low factor.Here we will only deal with the problem of the use of the contribution margin in the presence of rare factors.To complete the analysis,below are some very brief considerations regarding,respectively,the unitary,level I,and level II contribution margin in order to better understand where the problem of the most convenient choice of income is located in the event of the presence of rare production factors,especially in an environment characterized by a plurality of sales options.

Moisture Sources and Their Contributions to Summer Precipitation in the East of Southwest China

Complex topography,special geographical location and sea-land-air interactions lead to high interannual variability of summer precipitation in the east of Southwest China(ESWC).However,the contributions,influencing factors and mechanisms of remote and local evaporation remain to be further investigated.Using clustering analysis and Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory version 5 model,we analyze the contributions of remote moisture transport and local evaporation to summer precipitation in the ESWC and their causes.There are mainly five remote moisture channels in the ESWC,namely the Arabian Sea channel,Bay of Bengal channel,western Pacific channel,Northwest channel 1 and Northwest channel 2.Among the five channels,the western Pacific channel has the largest number of trajectories,while the Bay of Bengal channel has the largest contribution rate of specific humidity(33.33%)and moisture flux(33.14%).The amount of regional average precipitation is close to that of the precipitation caused by remote moisture transport,and both are considerably greater than the rainfall amount caused by local evaporation.However,on interannual time scales,precipitation recirculation rates are negatively correlated to regional average precipitation and precipitation caused by remote moisture transport but are consistent with that caused by local evaporation.An apparent"+-+"wave train can be found on the height anomaly field in East Asia,and the sea surface temperature anomalies are positive in the equatorial Middle-East Pacific,the South China Sea,the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea.These phenomena cause southwest-northeast moisture transport with strong updrafts,thereby resulting in more precipitation in the ESWC.

An evaluation method of contribution rate based on fuzzy Bayesian networks for equipment system-of-systems architecture

The contribution rate of equipment system-of-systems architecture(ESoSA)is an important index to evaluate the equipment update,development,and architecture optimization.Since the traditional ESoSA contribution rate evaluation method does not make full use of the fuzzy information and uncertain information in the equipment system-of-systems(ESoS),and the Bayesian network is an effective tool to solve the uncertain information,a new ESoSA contribution rate evaluation method based on the fuzzy Bayesian network(FBN)is proposed.Firstly,based on the operation loop theory,an ESoSA is constructed considering three aspects:reconnaissance equipment,decision equipment,and strike equipment.Next,the fuzzy set theory is introduced to construct the FBN of ESoSA to deal with fuzzy information and uncertain information.Furthermore,the fuzzy importance index of the root node of the FBN is used to calculate the contribution rate of the ESoSA,and the ESoSA contribution rate evaluation model based on the root node fuzzy importance is established.Finally,the feasibility and rationality of this method are validated via an empirical case study of aviation ESoSA.Compared with traditional methods,the evaluation method based on FBN takes various failure states of equipment into consideration,is free of acquiring accurate probability of traditional equipment failure,and models the uncertainty of the relationship between equipment.The proposed method not only supplements and improves the ESoSA contribution rate assessment method,but also broadens the application scope of the Bayesian network.

SETTLING COMMERCIAL DISPUTES IN BRI COOPERATION Exclusive interview with ICC Belt and Road Commission Chairman Yu Tengqun

Recently,the Belt and Road Commission of the International Chamber of Commerce(ICC)held a conference in Hong Kong entitled“Ten Years of Belt and Road-Noteworthy Experience and Legal Risk Prevention.”Participants shared views through panel discussions on three topics:How Compliance Management Creates Value:Experience of the Belt and Road,Risk Prevention:A Multi-Dimensional Review of the Belt and Road,and Dispute Resolution on“Belt and Road”Disputes:Arbitration and Beyond.

选择适合的国际标准ICC配置文件

历经40多年的经济全球化发展,国际标准逐渐成为共识,各行各业的国际标准都相继出台并完善,权威规范的ISO标准成为众多行业买家首选的质量参考依据,进而推动了行业的深入发展和不断变革。印刷业自然也不例外。在以外向型订单为主的印刷企业中,如若被问到四色印刷的色彩目标,几乎都离不开国际标准,要么追Fogra39L,要么走G7(GRACoL)。如果看到海外品牌商发来的邮件,客来色稿或跟色客样,对于色彩的要求大多是遵循Fogra或GRACoL(图1)。

胶印机ICC特性文件的制作

在印前和印刷环节实施色彩管理技术,实现显示器、数字打样、印刷结果之间的色彩一致性,可以使输出后的印刷色彩和原稿达到一致,达到高质量色彩匹配,实现“所见即所得”。目前还有相当多的印刷企业考虑到印刷过程中色彩的呈现涉及多种因素,往往让印刷机长凭借工作经验来对印刷机进行调节,达到对印刷色彩的控制。如此一来,就会出现印刷品与数字打样或原稿有或大或小的差别,生产效率低,生产材料损耗不稳定等问题。

重庆针形绿茶滋味特征及主要贡献物质

滋味是评定茶叶品质的重要指标,为探索重庆针形绿茶滋味特征,该文通过检测分析绿茶主要呈味物质组分及含量,结合主成分及滋味物质贡献度进行分析。结果表明,重庆针形绿茶味感表现浓醇而鲜爽,总体品质较好。主要品质指标:水浸出物含量在45.2%~49.6%,多酚含量在14.7%~21.6%,游离氨基酸含量在2.8%~5.6%,咖啡碱含量在3.4%~4.7%(均为质量分数)。主成分分析表明,天冬氨酸、苏氨酸、丝氨酸、天冬酰胺、丙氨酸、蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、酪氨酸、组氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸12种氨基酸组分和没食子酸(gallic acid,GA)、表没食子儿茶素(epigallocatechin,EGC)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(epicatechin gallate,ECG)3个组分为重庆针形绿茶滋味主要特征成分。而通过滋味物质贡献度[浓度/阈值(dose-over-threshold,Dot)]分析出天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、GA、表没食子酸儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG)、ECG、EGC、儿茶素(catechin,D/L-C)对滋味的形成有重要贡献。滋味成分聚类分析表明永川、巴南两地的针形绿茶聚类效果较好。该研究为重庆针形绿茶品质成因及品质改善研究提供参考。

广东开放大学成功主办ICCAID2022国际学术会议

2022年12月24日,第二届计算机图形学、人工智能与数据处理国际学术会议(ICCAID2022)召开。会议由广东开放大学主办,以线上形式进行。广东开放大学副校长瞿志印出席会议并致辞,国内外相关领域专家学者和从业人员共6000多人参加会议。瞿志印代表学校对会议召开表示热烈祝贺,对出席会议的专家学者表示热烈欢迎。瞿志印表示,国际交流合作是高校的重要职能,学校坚持“一体两翼三化”发展战略,健全国际教育交流合作机制,努力在推动教育解决效率与公平、投入与产出、教学与科研等瓶颈问题上体现担当,作出贡献。希望各位专家学者通过智慧碰撞,擦出创新“火花”,推动全球计算机图形学和人工智能与数据处理实现新突破。

新《公司法》若干重要问题解读(笔谈)

新《公司法》修订所涉及的内容非常丰富,修订内容包括公司登记制度、股东出资责任、公司治理制度、公司资本制度、控股股东义务、董监高信义义务等方面。赵旭东教授指出,本次《公司法》修订在公司登记与信息公示制度、股东出资责任和法律后果、公司资本制度、公司治理制度、股东权益保护和控股股东义务这五个关键领域实现了重大突破和创新。周林彬教授集中解析了“国家出资公司组织机构的特别规定”一章,认为新《公司法》的亮点之一是通过新设这一章积极回应了我国国有企业治理的“本土实践”与“中国问题”,给出新时期国有企业治理的“中国方案”,推进了中国特色的国有企业治理制度的设计,重塑了国有企业的规范体系。刘凯湘教授对本次《公司法》修订中与公司资本制度相关的若干条文展开解析,包括限期认缴制、新增有限公司股东出资义务加速到期制度、股东违反出资义务的责任承担规则、董事会的催缴出资义务、股东失权制度、董监高对股东抽逃出资的连带责任、类别股的规定、授权资本制等。赵万一教授深入探讨了这次《公司法》修改的主要特点,认为新《公司法》既坚持了其商法属性,同时又充分考虑了《民法典》的既有制度内容,适当兼顾了与《民法典》之间的制度衔接关系,从而既为科学解决民法与商法的关系提供了理念和制度支持,也为中国式法律制度体系的创建提供了完美的立法实践样本。周友苏教授深入解析了新《公司法》在完善股东出资制度方面增加的股东出资缴纳、股东出资“加速到期”、股东失权、股东出资责任这四条新规定,认为新《公司法》在完善股东出资制度方面增加的这些新规定,积极回应了我国自2013年以来公司数量大幅增长所带来的股东盲目认缴、天价认缴、期限过长的现象突出,损害债权人利益的纠纷案件呈明显上升态势等问题,极大地强化了保护债权人的力度。李建伟教授深入解析了《公司法》修订中与法定代表人制度相关的若干条文,认为新《公司法》关于法定代表人的规定较之以往更加体系化,并有望基本解决困扰公司实践许多年的诸多难题,但其中亦存在不完全规范的问题。