Opinions of Students on the Contribution of the DIVA 3D Virtual Dissection Table to the Teaching of Anatomy at the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of Bamako

Objective: Study the contribution of the DIVA 3D dissection table in the teaching of anatomy at the Faculty of Medicine and Odontology of Bamako. Material and Methods: This was a qualitative study carried out from November 1 to December 30, 2023 at the clinical and morphological anatomy laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of Bamako. Included in this study were students who participated in practical and tutorial sessions. The variables studied during this study were: the previous performance of dissection on a cadaver by the students, the opinion of the students on dissection on a cadaver, the replacement of dissection on a cadaver by virtual dissection in the absence of a body, the level student satisfaction. Results: We surveyed 130 participants. The average age was 22 ± 0.2 years with extremes of 17 and 29 years. 95.3% of participants were students. According to 66.7% of participants, virtual dissection is a good palliative in the absence of a corpse. 95.3% of participants found using the virtual dissection table easy with an average of 7.88 ± 1.4. The overall assessment was well rated by 99.3% of participants. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the virtual dissection table should be improved by integrating commented videos. The use of the DIVA 3D virtual dissection table during practical and tutorial sessions is well appreciated by the students. We believe that the teaching of anatomy using 3D digital technology should be included in the study programs of the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology.

National Social Investment Programmes in Nigeria:A Descriptive Analysis of the Socio-Economic Contributions of N-Power Programme in Benue State

This study analysed the socio-economic contributions of N-Power programme amongst the beneficiaries of the scheme in Benue State.Prior to the introduction of N-Power programme,successive administrations in Nigeria have made concerted efforts towards improving the standard of living of the citizenry through the execution of various welfare or social intervention programmes,but not much successes were recorded.Learning from the mistakes of the past regimes,and by way of deliberate state policy,the Buhari’s government initiated a multi-pronged social investment policy,one of which is the N-power programme that came onboard in 2016,which also doubles as the subject of this study.To achieve the goal of this study,a combination of desktop research and survey design was employed.Questionnaires were administered to 390 respondents through a combination of stratified and random sampling techniques.The results of the survey were matched with that of the secondary data obtained through online websites and other related sources.The result indicated that N-Power made positive contributions to the socio-economic life of the beneficiaries in Benue State:specifically,the scheme contributed in poverty eradication,employment generation,skills acquisitions and capacity building.However,some aspect of our findings revealed that the programme has a number of challenges such as:inadequate cash support,delay in monthly cash transfer to beneficiaries,distance participants had to move to their work stations,absence of posting in N-Teach scheme,and lack of adequate working tools amongst others.To salvage this problem the paper recommended the following solutions:expansion of the scheme to cover N-Teach and other aspects,increment in the monthly cash transfer to cushion the high rate of inflation,support for the participants/beneficiaries in transportation and logistics,enrolment of more youth into the various schemes,proper monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the schemes amongst others.

An Analysis of Innovative Contributions to the Important Discourse on the Development of New Quality Productivity

The discourse on developing high-quality productivity marks a significant theoretical innovation,which is conducive to the modernization and sinicization of Marxism.It refines our understanding of“new quality productivity,”defining it as an advanced form driven by innovation,embodying“high technology,efficiency,and quality,”with the aim of comprehensively enhancing productivity.It elucidates the necessity of cultivating such forces,asserting that they are crucial for achieving high-quality development,securing a leading position in global technology,and fulfilling the aspirations for a better life.Moreover,it outlines a new implementation route,emphasizing strategies such as fostering technological autonomy,nurturing emerging industries,integrating education and talent in technology,adopting a“build through challenges”approach,adjusting solutions locally,and providing categorized guidance,all of which are based on the ongoing comprehensive reforms.

CTC与RBC系统接口通信技术分析

CTC与RBC之间的信息通信在满足安全通信协议要求的基础上,交互列车状态和命令信息。基于目前列控系统的实际应用情况,介绍CTC与RBC接口通信机制,对新型列控系统中CTC与RBC的通信信息进行分析,并对CTC如何应用RBC信息提出建议。

Distribution of chromophytic phytoplankton in the Western Subarctic Gyre of Pacific Ocean revealed by morphological observation and rbc L gene sequences

Western Subarctic Gyre(WSG),which possesses distinctive differences in oceanographic and biogeochemical processes,is situated in the northwest subarctic Pacific.The WSG is characterized by high nutrient and low chlorophyll.We carried out a field investigation in this area in summer 2020 and performed microscopic observation,cytometric counting,and RuBisCO large subunit(rbc L)gene analysis to understand the community structure and spatial distribution of chromophytic phytoplankton better.Microscopic method revealed that total phytoplankton(>10μm,including Bacillariophyta,Dinoflagellata,Ochrophyta,and Chlorophyta)abundances ranged(0.6×10^(3))-(167.4×10^(3))cells/L with an increasing trend from south to north.Dinoflagellates and Pennatae diatoms dominated the phytoplankton assemblages in the southern and northern stations,respectively.Major chromophytic phytoplankton groups derived from rbc L genes included Haptophyta,Ochrophyta,Bacillariophyta,as well as rarely occurring groups,such as Xanthophyta,Cyanobacteria,Dinoflagellata,Rhodophyta,and Cryptophyta.At the phylum level,Haptophyta was the most abundant phylum,accounting for approximately 30.80%of the total obtained operational taxonomic units in all samples.Ochrophyta and Bacillariophyta were the second and third most abundant phylum,and their relative abundance was 20.26% and 19.60%,respectively.Further,redundancy analysis showed that high proportion of diatoms(e.g.,microscopic and rbc L methods)was positively correlated with nutrients(e.g.,dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN),dissolved inorganic phosphorous,and dissolved silicate(DSi))and negatively correlated with temperature and salinity.The proportion of Ochrophyta,Rhodophyta,and Cyanobateria identified by rbc L genes was positively correlated with salinity and temperature and showed negative correlation to nutrients.This work is the first molecular study of phytoplankton accomplished in the WSG,and our results show some discrepancies between morphological observation and rbc L gene sequences,which highlight the necessity of combining the microscopic and molecular methods to reveal the diversity of phytoplankton in marine environment.

RBC边界区段改方闪红光带问题分析与处理措施研究

在调谐区纳入列控中心控制检查过程中发现RBC边界区段改方产生红光带问题,结合小轨状态占用条件和改方红光带原因分析,提出修改接收器小轨道吸起延时时间解决方案,满足了小轨占用状态小于列控中心判断小轨状态的容忍时间,解决了改方后RBC边界区段闪红光带问题。

基于STPA和时序逻辑的RBC切换场景安全分析

本文提出一种利用时序逻辑运算的方法对系统理论的过程分析进行扩展的方法。首先建立对应的系统理论的事故模型及过程,参考列控系统的十四个运营场景进行细化,以RBC切换场景为例,进行系统安全性分析。最后结合时序逻辑约简来辨识可能出现的复杂系统危险。

The Contribution Margin due to a Limiting Factor in the Presence of Several Sales Options: Actuality Is Not Always As It Appears at the Beginning of the Analysis

The analysis of company data useful for economic decisions,if not interpreted in an overall view of the company situation,can lead to wrong conclusions.This is the case when a company has to choose between several sales options for one or more products in the presence of a limiting factor.The continuation of the investigation often denies the initial analysis.Not everything is as it appears,therefore,at the beginning of the deepening of the data useful for economic decisions.As it is well known,the choices of profitability concerning the planning of the sale of company products take place,at least in the majority of cases,through the determination of the contribution margin,i.e.the profitability margin connected to the individual goods/services sold by the companies(selling price net of variable costs).The contribution margin can be determined with four objectives:(1)Determination of the yield of the single product,net of variable costs only.In this case,the margin defines unitary,from net product yield to unitary contribution margin.(2)Determination of the return on total sales of an individual product,net of variable costs.In this hypothesis,reference is made to the first level(or gross)contribution margin.(3)Determination of the ability of the individual product to contribute to the coverage of fixed costs common to the company.This margin is determined net of special product variable and fixed costs.This aggregate is defined as a Level II(or semi-gross)margin.(4)Determination of the useful value in the planning choices in case of presence of scarce productive factors.In this case,it must identify the so-called unitary margin for low factor.Here we will only deal with the problem of the use of the contribution margin in the presence of rare factors.To complete the analysis,below are some very brief considerations regarding,respectively,the unitary,level I,and level II contribution margin in order to better understand where the problem of the most convenient choice of income is located in the event of the presence of rare production factors,especially in an environment characterized by a plurality of sales options.

不同采血方法用于血常规检验中RBC水平及Hb水平准确率

目的:分析不同采血方式的应用价值。方法:选取128例行血常规检验患者,随机分组。对照组采取末梢采血,观察组采取静脉采血。比较两组红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)差异,并比较两组采血时心率、平均动脉压、VAS评分差异。结果:RBC、Hb相比,观察组更高,差异有意义(P<0.05);采血时心率、平均动脉压、VAS评分相比,观察组更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:静脉采血的应用,可以提高RBC、Hb检测准确率,且可以降低采血时的应激反应、疼痛感,可推广使用。

Moisture Sources and Their Contributions to Summer Precipitation in the East of Southwest China

Complex topography,special geographical location and sea-land-air interactions lead to high interannual variability of summer precipitation in the east of Southwest China(ESWC).However,the contributions,influencing factors and mechanisms of remote and local evaporation remain to be further investigated.Using clustering analysis and Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory version 5 model,we analyze the contributions of remote moisture transport and local evaporation to summer precipitation in the ESWC and their causes.There are mainly five remote moisture channels in the ESWC,namely the Arabian Sea channel,Bay of Bengal channel,western Pacific channel,Northwest channel 1 and Northwest channel 2.Among the five channels,the western Pacific channel has the largest number of trajectories,while the Bay of Bengal channel has the largest contribution rate of specific humidity(33.33%)and moisture flux(33.14%).The amount of regional average precipitation is close to that of the precipitation caused by remote moisture transport,and both are considerably greater than the rainfall amount caused by local evaporation.However,on interannual time scales,precipitation recirculation rates are negatively correlated to regional average precipitation and precipitation caused by remote moisture transport but are consistent with that caused by local evaporation.An apparent"+-+"wave train can be found on the height anomaly field in East Asia,and the sea surface temperature anomalies are positive in the equatorial Middle-East Pacific,the South China Sea,the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea.These phenomena cause southwest-northeast moisture transport with strong updrafts,thereby resulting in more precipitation in the ESWC.

An evaluation method of contribution rate based on fuzzy Bayesian networks for equipment system-of-systems architecture

The contribution rate of equipment system-of-systems architecture(ESoSA)is an important index to evaluate the equipment update,development,and architecture optimization.Since the traditional ESoSA contribution rate evaluation method does not make full use of the fuzzy information and uncertain information in the equipment system-of-systems(ESoS),and the Bayesian network is an effective tool to solve the uncertain information,a new ESoSA contribution rate evaluation method based on the fuzzy Bayesian network(FBN)is proposed.Firstly,based on the operation loop theory,an ESoSA is constructed considering three aspects:reconnaissance equipment,decision equipment,and strike equipment.Next,the fuzzy set theory is introduced to construct the FBN of ESoSA to deal with fuzzy information and uncertain information.Furthermore,the fuzzy importance index of the root node of the FBN is used to calculate the contribution rate of the ESoSA,and the ESoSA contribution rate evaluation model based on the root node fuzzy importance is established.Finally,the feasibility and rationality of this method are validated via an empirical case study of aviation ESoSA.Compared with traditional methods,the evaluation method based on FBN takes various failure states of equipment into consideration,is free of acquiring accurate probability of traditional equipment failure,and models the uncertainty of the relationship between equipment.The proposed method not only supplements and improves the ESoSA contribution rate assessment method,but also broadens the application scope of the Bayesian network.

技术冲击对宏观经济波动的影响研究——基于拓展的RBC模型

文章基于拓展的RBC模型,通过分析产出、消费、通货膨胀等宏观经济变量的变化来研究技术冲击对宏观经济波动的影响。研究发现,正向技术冲击在短期内能够刺激产出、消费、投资和就业,还能抑制社会总价格水平,对社会的经济增长具有正向的促进作用。我国应该持续深化供给侧改革,鼓励企业技术创新,使宏观经济平稳健康运行。

基于rbc L基因的黄芪属药用植物系统发育分析及可能应用

目的:以黄芪属常用药用植物为研究对象,利用rbc L基因分析黄芪属药用植物的遗传进化关系,探索系统发育分析在黄芪属药用植物鉴定及混伪品鉴别方面的应用。方法:对GenBank收集的37条黄芪属rbc L基因序列采用最大似然法和贝叶斯法构建黄芪属常见药用植物的系统发育树进行分析。结果:两种系统发育树树形相似,都显示出较好的聚类结果,收集的正源黄芪聚为一大支,赵一之曾报道内蒙古北部的Astragalus borealimonglicus为黄芪一新种,但在构建出的系统发育树中显示同正源黄芪遗传距离很近,是否为新种有待讨论;收集的其他常用药用黄芪及常见混伪品分类聚集,能明显地显示出同正源黄芪有区别。结论:表明rbc L基因适用于黄芪属植物系统发育分析,同时也较适合作为DNA条形码用于混伪品鉴别。

重庆针形绿茶滋味特征及主要贡献物质

滋味是评定茶叶品质的重要指标,为探索重庆针形绿茶滋味特征,该文通过检测分析绿茶主要呈味物质组分及含量,结合主成分及滋味物质贡献度进行分析。结果表明,重庆针形绿茶味感表现浓醇而鲜爽,总体品质较好。主要品质指标:水浸出物含量在45.2%~49.6%,多酚含量在14.7%~21.6%,游离氨基酸含量在2.8%~5.6%,咖啡碱含量在3.4%~4.7%(均为质量分数)。主成分分析表明,天冬氨酸、苏氨酸、丝氨酸、天冬酰胺、丙氨酸、蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、酪氨酸、组氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸12种氨基酸组分和没食子酸(gallic acid,GA)、表没食子儿茶素(epigallocatechin,EGC)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(epicatechin gallate,ECG)3个组分为重庆针形绿茶滋味主要特征成分。而通过滋味物质贡献度[浓度/阈值(dose-over-threshold,Dot)]分析出天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、GA、表没食子酸儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG)、ECG、EGC、儿茶素(catechin,D/L-C)对滋味的形成有重要贡献。滋味成分聚类分析表明永川、巴南两地的针形绿茶聚类效果较好。该研究为重庆针形绿茶品质成因及品质改善研究提供参考。

RBC相关参数在筛查孕妇地中海贫血中的应用评估

探究RBC相关参数在筛查孕妇地中海贫血中的应用价值。方法 从2022年1月-2022年12月,选取40例疑似地中海贫血孕妇入组,将其随机平均分为对照组及观察组,每组纳入目标对象20例,为了有效区分RBC相关参数在孕妇地中海贫血筛查中的应用效果,给予两组孕妇采取不同的筛查方式。以Hb电泳(检查血红蛋白结构是否正常的方法)检测结果为金标准,对两组孕妇RBC相关参数:红细胞数(RBC)、红细胞平均体积(MCV)、红细胞平均血红蛋白含量(MCH)及红细胞平均宽度(RDW),进行单项检测及联合筛查结果比较,其中对照组采用单项检测的方式,而观察组采用联合筛查的方式。对比两组地中海贫血孕妇检测结果的准确性及不同筛查方式的有效性。结果 两组地中海贫血采用不同的RBC相关参数筛查方式后,筛查结果存在显著差异,其中观察组采用联合筛查方式所得结果与Hb电泳检测结果一致性评分较高,对照组与Hb电泳检测结果一致性评分较低,证实我院收治的地中海贫血孕妇以α-地贫为主,占比90.00%,主要为α-标准型,未见αβ-复合型地贫孕妇,P<0.05;观察组地中海贫血孕妇在经过MCV+MCH联合筛查后,相比于对照组地中海贫血孕妇单项检测效果更显著,敏感度、特异性及准确率分别为94.74%(18/19)、66.67%(2/3)、90.91%(20/22),P<0.05。结论 RBC相关参数中MCV+MCH 联合筛查方式,相比于单项检测,对于孕妇地中海贫血症状的临床检测应用效果更加显著,其不仅能够提升检测效率,具有较高的灵敏度、特异性及准确率,还可以确保检测结果的准确性,与Hb电泳检测结果一致性评分较高。

新《公司法》若干重要问题解读(笔谈)

新《公司法》修订所涉及的内容非常丰富,修订内容包括公司登记制度、股东出资责任、公司治理制度、公司资本制度、控股股东义务、董监高信义义务等方面。赵旭东教授指出,本次《公司法》修订在公司登记与信息公示制度、股东出资责任和法律后果、公司资本制度、公司治理制度、股东权益保护和控股股东义务这五个关键领域实现了重大突破和创新。周林彬教授集中解析了“国家出资公司组织机构的特别规定”一章,认为新《公司法》的亮点之一是通过新设这一章积极回应了我国国有企业治理的“本土实践”与“中国问题”,给出新时期国有企业治理的“中国方案”,推进了中国特色的国有企业治理制度的设计,重塑了国有企业的规范体系。刘凯湘教授对本次《公司法》修订中与公司资本制度相关的若干条文展开解析,包括限期认缴制、新增有限公司股东出资义务加速到期制度、股东违反出资义务的责任承担规则、董事会的催缴出资义务、股东失权制度、董监高对股东抽逃出资的连带责任、类别股的规定、授权资本制等。赵万一教授深入探讨了这次《公司法》修改的主要特点,认为新《公司法》既坚持了其商法属性,同时又充分考虑了《民法典》的既有制度内容,适当兼顾了与《民法典》之间的制度衔接关系,从而既为科学解决民法与商法的关系提供了理念和制度支持,也为中国式法律制度体系的创建提供了完美的立法实践样本。周友苏教授深入解析了新《公司法》在完善股东出资制度方面增加的股东出资缴纳、股东出资“加速到期”、股东失权、股东出资责任这四条新规定,认为新《公司法》在完善股东出资制度方面增加的这些新规定,积极回应了我国自2013年以来公司数量大幅增长所带来的股东盲目认缴、天价认缴、期限过长的现象突出,损害债权人利益的纠纷案件呈明显上升态势等问题,极大地强化了保护债权人的力度。李建伟教授深入解析了《公司法》修订中与法定代表人制度相关的若干条文,认为新《公司法》关于法定代表人的规定较之以往更加体系化,并有望基本解决困扰公司实践许多年的诸多难题,但其中亦存在不完全规范的问题。

基于生成式人工智能技术的对话机器人能促进在线协作学习绩效吗?

近年来,人工智能技术迅猛发展,对教育教学产生了巨大的冲击和影响,最引人注目的是基于生成式人工智能技术的对话机器人的兴起。为进一步提高在线协作学习绩效,研究旨在检验基于生成式人工智能技术的对话机器人对在线协作学习绩效、批判性思维意识及其知识激活量和贡献度的影响。研究邀请大学生参与在线协作学习,综合采用定量和定性相结合的研究方法,深度分析对话机器人的影响。研究结果表明,基于生成式人工智能技术的对话机器人不仅在其知识激活量、贡献度方面明显优于传统媒体,而且也能够显著提升在线协作学习绩效和批判性思维意识。文章深入分析和讨论了研究结果,并提出若干启示和建议。

中国式现代化探索中顶层设计与实践探索之间关系的历史渊源与原创性贡献

推进中国式现代化是一个系统工程,需要正确处理一系列重大关系,顶层设计与实践探索就是其中的一对重大关系。人类现代化在处理这对关系上积累了一系列有益经验,原发现代化倚重自下而上的实践探索,而苏联计划经济推动的现代化则片面地倚重政府的顶层设计。中国式现代化汲取了这两种现代化的经验和教训,正确处理了顶层设计与实践探索的关系,中国式现代化的顶层设计以实践探索为基础,而实践探索又是以顶层设计为指导的实践探索。因此,推进中国式现代化必须进一步正确处理顶层设计与实践探索的关系。

放射性核素出血显像在消化道出血诊断中的临床应用价值

目的 探讨放射性核素99m锝红细胞单光子发射型计算机断层显像(^(99m)Tc-RBC SPECT/CT)在诊断消化道出血中的临床价值。方法 回顾性选取2019年1月至2023年2月首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院核医学科收治的86例临床怀疑为消化道出血并行^(99m)Tc-RBC SPECT/CT出血显像的患者。所有患者均行体内法标记,间断静态扫描至6 h平面显像,扫描过程中发现可疑阳性时立即行局部SPECT/CT显像;如无明显阳性发现,则延迟至6 h行断层显像。分析^(99m)Tc-RBC平面显像与^(99m)Tc-RBC SPECT/CT断层显像的检出率、诊断准确率;以“金标准”为参照,比较不同部位^(99m)Tc-RBC平面显像与^(99m)Tc-RBC SPECT/CT的诊断效能。结果^(99m)Tc-RBC SPECT/CT断层显像检测的出血检出率为52.3%,高于^(99m)Tc-RBC平面显像(33.7%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与“金标准”进行参照,^(99m)Tc-RBC SPECT/CT断层显像的诊断准确率为90.7%,高于^(99m)Tc-RBC平面显像(73.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在20例怀疑上消化道出血的患者中,^(99m)Tc-RBC SPECT/CT断层显像的诊断准确率为100.0%,显著高于^(99m)Tc-RBC平面显像(55.0%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在25例怀疑中消化道出血的患者中,两种诊断方法之间的诊断效能比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在14例下消化道出血的患者中,^(99m)Tc-RBC SPECT/CT断层显像的诊断准确率为100.0%,高于^(99m)Tc-RBC平面显像(64.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 放射性核素显像有助于消化道出血原因及部位判断,^(99m)Tc-RBC SPECT/CT断层显像较^(99m)Tc-RBC平面显像具有更高的诊断效能,能为精准地指导消化道出血的诊断和治疗提高支持。

基于混合两阶段鲁棒的多微网合作优化运行

针对微网独立运行时面临运行成本高,受可再生能源出力和多能负荷功率不确定性影响大等问题,提出一种基于混合两阶段鲁棒优化的多微网合作运行方法。首先,为了应对源荷双重不确定性挑战,在传统两阶段鲁棒优化基础上,提出一种基于多场景数据的最恶劣概率场景驱动的混合两阶段鲁棒优化方法,并采用可并行计算列与约束生成(column and constraint generation,C&CG)算法来提高求解效率。然后,在建立的多微网点对点分布式能源交易系统框架上,根据纳什谈判理论构造多微网合作成本最小化问题和收益分配问题,并提出一种耦合可并行计算C&CG的交替方向乘子法进行求解。最后,根据各微网不同的贡献率,设计一种基于点对点电能交易贡献度的非对称纳什谈判机制来分配各微网的合作收益。算例结果表明,所提方法能兼顾系统的鲁棒性、经济性和隐私性,并实现每个微网公平合理的收益分配。