Analysis and control of vibration of ropes in a high-rise elevator under earthquake excitation

In this research, the vibration of elevator ropes, including the main rope and compensation rope are investigated simultaneously in a high-rise elevator system under earthquake excitation. Moreover, the paper presents a new control method to restrain the sway of both ropes. This study considers varying rope lengths during elevator operation which cause other system parameters such as natural frequency, and damping ratio to be time-variant variables. The dynamics of the ropes are analyzed by solving the governing non-stationary, nonlinear equation numerically. In order to mitigate the vibration of ropes in several motion conditions, particularly upwards movement, downward movement, stopped at the lowest position, and stopped at the highest position, an active equipment is installed at the compensation sheave. The stability of the system using the controller is analyzed at four states: without disturbance and static car, without disturbance and mobile car, including disturbance and static car, and including disturbance and mobile car. The efficiency of the controller used for dampening the vibration of elevator ropes is validated by numerical simulation results.

A PID Sliding Mode Control for Ropeless Elevator Maglev Guiding System

In this paper, three different controllers are proposed and simulated for maglev guiding systems to have convenient and smooth elevator motion. The proposed controllers are PID, sliding mode, and PID sliding mode controllers. The advantages and disadvantages of the proposed controllers are discussed. Although, PID controller is fast, its response affected considerably by external disturbances. Unlike PID, the sliding mode controller is so robust, but its transient is unsuitable based on application conditions. However, an acceptable controller for ropeless elevator guiding system should guaranty the passengers safety and convenient. Consequently, the response of the system should be fast, robust, and without considerable overshoots and oscillations. These required advantages are compromised in the proposed parallel PID sliding mode controller. The affectivity of the introduced controllers for maglev guiding system is investigated through conducted simulations in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The obtained results illustrate that PID sliding mode controller is a so fast and robust controller for a ropeless elevator maglev guiding system.

Multi-objective Optimization of Multi-Agent Elevator Group Control System Based on Real-time Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

In order to get a globally optimized solution for the Elevator Group Control System (EGCS) scheduling problem, an algorithm with an overall optimization function is needed. In this study, Real-time Particle Swarm Optimization (RPSO) is proposed to find an optimal solution to the EGCS scheduling problem. Different traffic patterns and controller mechanisms for EGCS are analyzed. This study focuses on up-peak traffic because of its critical importance to modern office buildings. Simulation results show that EGCS based on Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) using RPSO gives good results for up-peak EGCS scheduling problem. Besides, the elevator real-time scheduling and reallocation functions are realized based on RPSO in case new information is available or the elevator becomes busy because it is unavailable or full. This study contributes a new scheduling algorithm for EGCS, and expands the application of PSO.

Elevator Group-Control Policy Based on Neural Network Optimized by Genetic Algorithm

Aiming at the diversity and nonlinearity of the elevator system control target, an effective group method based on a hybrid algorithm of genetic algorithm and neural network is presented in this paper. The genetic algorithm is used to search the weight of the neural network. At the same time, the multi-objective-based evaluation function is adopted, in which there are three main indicators including the passenger waiting time, car passengers number and the number of stops. Different weights are given to meet the actual needs. The optimal values of the evaluation function are obtained, and the optimal dispatch control of the elevator group control system based on neural network is realized. By analyzing the running of the elevator group control system, all the processes and steps are presented. The validity of the hybrid algorithm is verified by the dynamic imitation performance.

HYDRAULIC ACTIVE GUIDE ROLLER SYSTEM FOR HIGH-SPEED ELEVATOR BASED ON FUZZY CONTROLLER

Increase of elevator speed brings about amplified vibrations of high-speed elevator. In order to reduce the horizontal vibrations of high-speed elevator, a new type of hydraulic active guide roller system based on fuzzy logic controller is developed. First the working principle of the hydraulic guide system is introduced, then the dynamic model of the horizontal vibrations for elevator cage with active guide roller system and the mathematical model of the hydraulic system are given. A fuzzy logic controller for the hydraulic system is designed to control the hydraulic actuator. To improve the control performance, preview compensation for the controller is provided. Finally, simulation and experiments are executed to verify the hydraulic active guide roller system and the control strategy. Both the simulation and experimental results indicate that the hydraulic active guide roller system can reduce the horizontal vibrations of the elevator effectively and has better effects than the passive one, and the fuzzy logic controller with preview compensation can give superior control performance.

Prediction and Analysis of Elevator Traffic Flow under the LSTM Neural Network

Elevators are essential components of contemporary buildings, enabling efficient vertical mobility for occupants. However, the proliferation of tall buildings has exacerbated challenges such as traffic congestion within elevator systems. Many passengers experience dissatisfaction with prolonged wait times, leading to impatience and frustration among building occupants. The widespread adoption of neural networks and deep learning technologies across various fields and industries represents a significant paradigm shift, and unlocking new avenues for innovation and advancement. These cutting-edge technologies offer unprecedented opportunities to address complex challenges and optimize processes in diverse domains. In this study, LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) network technology is leveraged to analyze elevator traffic flow within a typical office building. By harnessing the predictive capabilities of LSTM, the research aims to contribute to advancements in elevator group control design, ultimately enhancing the functionality and efficiency of vertical transportation systems in built environments. The findings of this research have the potential to reference the development of intelligent elevator management systems, capable of dynamically adapting to fluctuating passenger demand and optimizing elevator usage in real-time. By enhancing the efficiency and functionality of vertical transportation systems, the research contributes to creating more sustainable, accessible, and user-friendly living environments for individuals across diverse demographics.

Research on Applying Bluetooth to an Elevator Wireless Control System

Compared with other elevator control systems, the wireless control system has many advantages such as easy to install and maintain. Bluetooth is a new technology of short-range wireless communication, and the idea of applying Bluetooth to the elevator wireless control system is expected to get wide application. In this paper, a wireless control prototype system is introduced, and the experiments of this system proved the feasibility of this idea.

基于ControlLogix控制器的双电梯调度控制系统设计

针对双电梯系统的调度问题,设计并实现了一种双电梯调度控制系统。采用罗克韦尔自动化公司的ControlLogix系列可编程逻辑控制器以及PowerFlex40变频器,通过模糊控制方式实现基于呼梯信号优先度的电梯控制方法,利用FuzzyLogix toolbox开发了一套基于交流变频调速和可编程逻辑控制器的双电梯并联调度系统。仿真结果表明,该调度系统达到了距离较近先响应、长时等待先响应的要求。该应用考虑了人性化和实用化等因素,满足了设计使用需求。

Controlled deployment of a long tether to operate as a partial space elevator

The deployment of a long tether to operate as a partial space elevator,starting from a nucleus in geostationary orbit,is studied.Uncontrolled deployment is an inherently unstable process because the center of orbit gradually decreases from the geostationary altitude when deployment progresses.It is also observed that the elasticity of the tether has an important effect on deployment stability.It is shown that the application of a transverse force on the main spacecraft,determined by using linear state feedback and appropriate gains,can stabilize the deployment.An LQR controller is developed.Simulations of the dynamics of the system are carried out using this controller for various parametric values of tether elasticity,deployment rates,etc.,to evaluate the efficacy of the controller.

Control Strategy of a Two-Lap Connection Converter

Two-lap sequential control converters are usually adopted to supply and improve the power factor of input side. The line harmonic damage generated by a sequential control thyristor converter can be serious. To solve this prob-lem and seek an optimum control strategy,we derived the changeable regular of the line-input-current,the fundamen-tal-frequency-current,the harmonic-current-content and the harmonic total distortion ratio of the converter at different firing angles. We obtained relevant data from experiments with a sequential control system of a DC 2.2kW/220V motor. With the example of the operating condition of a DC mine elevator,the harmonic current is two times approximately in sequential control compared to synchronous control when the firing angle of the two converters differs in 30°. At dif-ferent operating states of a two-lap connection converter,the ideal strategy is an exchange between sequential control and synchronous control,by which we can achieve the complementary goal of improving the power factor and har-monic effect. All analytical conclusions are supported by simulation and experimental results.

FUZZY CONTROLLED AUTOMATION SYSTEM FOR THE MAIN COAL BUNKER

A fuzzy control scheme is presented according to the coal quantity in the main coal bunker, this method has a good dynamic response characteristic and is suited for complex nonlin-ear systems. The designation of self-adopting fuzzy controller, the working principle and functions of this system are also proposed, with the hardware and the main flow diagram of this system in-troduced in this paper.

Investigation on interaction and characteristics of traffic flows in urban elevated road-ramp-ground road system

The rapid development of the automobile industry and the relative lag of the road construction have constituted a prominent contradiction all over the world, particularly, in most of large cities. To cope with it, elevated roads have been built in many cities both at home and abroad. However, traffic jams frequently appear on elevated roads immediately after the completion of their construction. The awkward situation mainly results from the planning bug or the unsuitable control, apart from drastic increase in transportation demand. Elevated roads,

自行车控制人骑/推行姿态参数测量实验

该研究提出手工及软件辅助两种测量自行车骑/推行姿态的方法,并通过物理实验测得自行车控制人的背角、上臂抬高角、肘部弯曲角、左/右侧大腿抬高角及膝盖弯曲角共7种姿态参数。统计分析发现,背角、大腿抬高角是区分骑/推行姿态的主要特征参数,当控制人背角α>12°且大腿抬高角θ≤60°时为骑行;当控制人背角α≤12°且大腿抬高角θ>60°时为推行。以此为基础提出判断骑/推行姿态的方法。对464张真实照片的判别结果显示,仅凭一张图就能准确判别出90.3%的骑/推行姿态,说明了该方法的有效性。这种方法是一种测量自行车控制人骑/推行姿态的低成本解决方案。

“桥建合一”型高架车站实测分析及结构减振优化

针对“桥建合一”型高架车站振动舒适度问题,以某一典型“桥建合一”型高架车站为研究对象,对列车运行引起的楼板振动进行现场实测分析,并基于车桥耦合分析理论,建立高架车站精细化有限元模型,从振源、传递路径和受振体对高架车站进行结构减振优化分析。研究表明:“桥建合一”型高架车站所受车致振动影响严重,站厅层振动敏感区为跨中楼板中心;通过提升轨道梁弹性模量、适度增加层高、在站厅层区域楼板中心布置次梁以及铺设浮筑楼板的方法均可减小楼板振动响应,但单独采取某一结构减振优化措施效果较差;同时采取以上4种结构减振优化组合措施时减振效果良好,减振后楼板中心的最大Z振级为73.15dB,减振量达13.54dB,满足振动舒适度要求。

基于PLC的医用电梯控制系统的设计

与传统电梯控制系统相比,医用电梯控制系统需更注重电梯升降过程的平稳性,以保证患者的舒适度,因此,需设计医用电梯控制系统。首先,采用西门子S7-1200系列PLC作为主控制单元,采用ACS880变频器驱动曳引电机与门电机。然后,通过梯形图的编译实现呼叫应答、平层开关检测、目标楼层的运行和停止等功能。最后,增加电梯运行安全保护功能,一旦出现危险情况可立即报警。经测试,该系统稳定可靠、调速平滑、安全性高,可应用于各种医用环境。

电梯电子电路故障分析

电梯电子板是电梯控制系统的重要组成部分,负责控制电梯的运行和安全。电梯电子板在使用过程中会产生各种问题,通过电梯日常使用环境、维护保养、元器件老化等方面分析静电引起的主控板损坏,日常维修保养导致的编码器故障、门机板损坏,以及元器件老化导致电子板性能下降等问题,提出处理对策及改进措施,以降低电梯的故障率,提升电梯的安全性、稳定性,延长电梯的使用寿命,节约大量的维修成本。

上海市高程控制网复测关键技术研究

结合上海市高程控制网复测项目,就其关键技术及质量控制进行了实践和探讨。重点阐述了上海市高程控制网复测准备阶段的水准点调查、水准路线设计,外业施测阶段的几何水准测量、跨隧道水准测量、跨河水准测量、SHCORS高程属性测量,内业数据处理阶段的改正数计算、平差计算等关键技术。项目实现了全周期质量控制,通过各项精度指标证明其取得了良好的质量效果。最后就大型水准项目开展提出一些建议。

深中通道沉管隧道碎石整平精度控制技术研究

为了提高外海沉管隧道的基础处理精度与承载能力、减小沉管隧道的不均匀沉降,依托深中通道沉管隧道工程,介绍船架分离式整平船水下整平系统的组成、工作原理和适用条件,并分析影响整平精度的2个因素,即料斗口高程变化和料斗内碎石料高度控制;同时,结合ANSYS数值计算方法,分析水下大、小车轨道在自重情况下的变形,以及基架在不同工况组合下的变形,由此提出碎石整平系统精度控制技术,并采用接近式料位传感系统,实现料斗总成内碎石料位高度持续、实时监控和多点监测。该水下碎石整平系统精度控制技术在深中通道沉管隧道E32—E24管节碎石基础铺设中成功应用,其整平平均偏差为15.3 mm,可满足±40 mm的偏差设计要求,实现了设计要求的基础铺设精度控制目标。

基于西门子PLC的无障碍轮椅升降梯控制系统设计

针对我国残障人士及老年人出行困难的现状,设计了一套可用于老旧小区、地铁、体育馆等公共场所的无障碍轮椅升降梯控制系统。硬件方面,系统主要由PLC控制器、数据采集传感器、电机驱动器、变频器、监控模块、无线数据传输模块、报警模块等组成,主要负责控制升降梯的运行、主从站的无线通信、实时监控设备运行状态及危险状况语音报警;软件方面,PLC控制程序采用状态机模型进行设计,同时对设备的逻辑、联锁及保护进行严格设计保障使用的流畅性;设计了基于MODBUS协议的远程无线变频调速控制系统,利用轮询通信实时读取变频器的运行状态。系统硬件方面可靠性高、功能齐全;软件方面使用方便、设计人性化,易于扩展和调试,并具有一定的通用性。对无障碍轮椅升降梯的发展具有一定的现实意义。

《胸痛中心质控报告(2023)》概要

近年来,我国胸痛中心建设数量迅速提升。截至2023年12月,全国胸痛中心注册单位5725家,通过验收2660家,共救治急性胸痛患者1467万例。其中2023年全国胸痛中心救治急性胸痛患者超318万例,其中急性心肌梗死超69万例,取得了积极成效:显著提高了急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的再灌注治疗比例,保证短时间内对心肌梗死患者进行救治,并缩短了患者住院时间,降低了患者住院费用及死亡率。通过胸痛中心建设,显著优化救治流程,改善患者预后。当下,全国胸痛中心的建设及质控工作仍需进一步推进,部分区域胸痛中心建设比例和胸痛诊疗水平有待提高,患者延误依然是我国急性胸痛救治面临的重要挑战。