Natural Gas Types,Distribution Controlling Factors,and Future Exploration in the Western Qaidam Basin

The Paleogene and Neogene oil and gas in the western Qaidam basin have a regular distribution in three concentric zones from the edge to the center of the basin. Natural gas mainly occurs in the inner zone, and the gas-oil ratio of the northern area of the basin is significantly higher than that of the southern area. Large amounts of carbon isotope data of natural gas, plotted in X- shaped and comprehensive identification diagrams for the southern area and northern area, respectively, were used to identify the types of natural gas. The large-scale distribution of natural gas is highly consistent with the Ro values of major source rocks, but is poorly correlated with the type of organic matter. This indicates that the main controlling factor of natural gas distribution is organic matter maturity, and the kerogen types act as the basis for the formation of different types of natural gas. Paleouplifts and squeezed anticlines near hydrocarbon generation depression centers, which are major natural gas-rich regions, control the migration directions of natural gas, while hydrocarbon migration pathways and fault systems connecting gas sources are the most important factors for natural gas reservoir formation in the inner basin. Therefore, favorable zones for natural gas distribution can be predicted on the basis of the distribution of thermal evolution and the gas generation intensity of major source rocks as well as the structural map. The Shizigou-Youshashan- Yingdong-Dawusi, Youquanzi -Kaitemilike - Youdunzi, and Xiaoliangshan - Nanyishan - Dafengshan structural belts are favorable zones for natural gas accumulation. This study has important theoretical and practical significance for future natural gas exploration.

Geochemical characteristics, genetic types, and controlling factors of natural gas in Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin (eastern China)

The Jiyang Depression is an important oil and gas production zone in the Bohai Bay Basin.Through a systematic investigation of the gas components and stable carbon isotopes,the genetic types of natural gas found in the Jiyang Depression were determined,that is,biogas,oilassociated gas,coal-derived gas,high-mature oil-related gas,and mantle-derived carbon dioxide(CO_(2)).From the results,natural gas in the Jiyang Depression can be divided into four groups.Group I,which is distributed in the northwest area,is the only typical oil-associated gas.Group II,distributed in the northeast area,is dominated by oil-associated gas,and involves biogas,coal-derived gas,and high-mature oil-related gas.Group Ⅲ,distributed in the southeast area,has all genetic types of gas that are dominated by oil-associated gas and have mantle-derived CO_(2).Group IV,distributed in the southwest area,is dominated by biogas and involves coal-derived gas and oil-associated gas.The differences in each group illustrate the lateral distribution of the natural gas types is characterized by the eastern and southern areas being more complex than the western and northern areas,the vertical distribution of gas reservoirs has no obvious evolutionary law.The main controlling factor analysis of the spatiotemporal changes of the gas reservoirs revealed that the synergy of geochemical characteristics,thermal evolution of the Shahejie Formation and Carboniferous-Permian source rocks,and sealing properties of various faults are jointly responsible for determining the gas reservoir spatiotemporal changes.

基于前馈-反馈控制的天然气分输站场控制及前馈控制率自适应方法

天然气分输站场控制系统直接影响天然气配输质量及系统的安全可靠运行,站控系统调节阀控制是关键;目前我国天然气分输站场调节阀采用的国内厂家配置的PLC控制系统大多采用三选一式的PID控制策略,在峰谷分输、大范围调节以及上游流量压力存在较大波动的情况下普遍存在控制稳定性欠佳、调节周期长的弊端;为了改进控制效果,在深入分析造成控制效果欠佳原因的基础上,提出了基于前馈-反馈控制的控制策略,并基于此前馈-反馈控制策略提出了前馈控制率自适应调整方法以适应实际过程中调节阀动态特性变化额情况;基于Stoner Pipeline Simulator软件的仿真对象进行了初步验证,仿真结果表明施加了前馈控制作用后控制稳定性和调节时间有显著优化,调节时间缩短为原来的50%以上,该方法具备在现场推广应用的前景。

一种面向复杂多用户类型的天然气站场分输优化方法及应用

提出一种以不同用户的用气规律、用气安全要求及合同条款等作为约束,将售气收益最大化为目标的分输优化模型。优化求解该模型即可得到以小时为时间尺度的分输优化结果。基于SPS仿真平台的案例结果验证了方案的可行性和有效性。

LNG接收站综合实验平台建设

文章搭建了液化天然气(LNG)接收站综合实验平台,引入了完备的分布式计算机控制系统(DCS),具有流程组态、仪表控制、信息监视、系统与过程报警等功能。实验平台具有初次运行、卸船-正常输出、无卸船-正常输出、无卸船-零输出和倒灌五种工作模式供学生实践,并设置了自主创新性实验模块,供学生自由探索。平台充分体现了工艺、设备、仪表、控制等多学科的交叉融合,有利于提高学生的复合创新能力。

SH配气站自动控制系统

四川石油管理局川中石油天然气勘探开发公司与电子科技大学联合研制成功的配(集)气站自动控制系统已成功地用于SH配气站。它将电子计算机技术及自动控制技术相结合,应用在天然气集输站场上,提高了生产管理自动化水平,由于该系统具有功能齐全、性能稳定可靠、实用性强、价格低廉等特点,因此有一定的现场推广前景。

天然气分输站噪声治理措施探讨

随着国内对天然气需求量的不断增大,越来越多的天然气分输站都出现了不同程度的场站噪声超标的问题,给场站操作人员的身体健康和周边环境带来了较大的不利影响。采取适当的噪声治理措施,有效降低噪声水平,是天然气从业人员需要重点关注的一个问题。结合某分输站噪声污染现状,分析了噪声的产生机理,探讨了常用的噪声治理措施。结果表明,通过开展噪声污染治理,该场站的噪声水平达到了相关标准的要求,取得了较好效果。

天津华电武清燃气分布式能源站噪声治理

针对天津华电武清燃气分布式能源站的噪声问题,从该工程噪声产生的机理开始,经过对能源站内主要噪声源进行声环境分析及声学计算,采取吸隔声墙体、消声器、声屏障等措施对相应区域进行噪声治理,进行治理后,厂界和敏感点的噪声均达到了设计要求。

基于DCS的天然气分布式能源站电控系统

根据天然气分布式能源系统的工艺特点,阐述了一种适用于天然气分布式能源站的典型电控系统的功能与特点。经实践证明所提出的系统应用效果良好,对天然气分布式能源站电控系统的设计及建设具有一定的参考价值。

天然气站场特殊时段法分输控制逻辑设计与应用

针对天然气分输用户的数量不断增多,用户的供气需求日益复杂的状况,传统分输站的分输控制逻辑已难以满足天然气合理配置与高效利用的要求。采用STL分解法分析某站场实际运行数据,根据分析结果得出传统不均匀系数逻辑的不足;提出了新的分输控制逻辑一一特殊时段法,并对特殊时段法的可靠性进行了验证,证明了特殊时段法相比不均匀系数法的优化率可提升25%以上。

天然气储配站工艺过程的自动控制

分析了天然气储配站典型工艺流程和自动控制要求,提出了实现储配站工艺自动运行的方式。

医院天然气分布式能源站的噪声控制设计

结合工程实例,对医院天然气分布式能源站的噪声控制设计进行探讨。噪声控制对象主要包括能源站建筑、燃气内燃机发电机组、能源站主机间、水泵、冷却塔,对燃气内燃机发电机组静音罩的设计进行分析。能源站站界噪声测量值(日间46~54 dB,夜间35~45 dB)满足GB 12348—2008《工业企业厂界环境噪声排放标准》要求。