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Impact of Migrant Populations on Tuberculosis Rates in Saudi Arabia: Assessing How Migration Patterns Affect TB Incidence and Control Measures: A Narrative Review
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作者 Neda Ali Al Bati 《Journal of Tuberculosis Research》 2024年第3期165-181,共17页
This research focuses on the effects of migration on the TB infection rate and its prevention in Saudi Arabia, which has a large number of expatriates from TB-affected countries. Despite, based on the current global s... This research focuses on the effects of migration on the TB infection rate and its prevention in Saudi Arabia, which has a large number of expatriates from TB-affected countries. Despite, based on the current global statistics of TB occurrence, it is evident that the national incidence of TB has reduced from 10.55 per 100,000 in 2015 to 8.36 per 100,000 in 2019;despite this, there are still some difficulties because migrants bring new strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Hindrances, including language barriers and perceived immigration status, hinder patients from seeking medical attention or doctors from diagnosing diseases. Each patient and each cultural group need special attention to public health, enhancing living circumstances, and health care support. Community participation, inclusion of TB control programs into functional healthcare facilities, and the functioning of TB programs need to be stressed to address TB issues. Considering the focus on social, economic, and cultural approaches, the country can make severe advancements in TB control and population protection. This holistic analysis is critical for a long-term effective strategy to combat TB in the Kingdom. 展开更多
关键词 Kingdom Saudi Arabia (KSA) Tuberculosis (TB) Prevalence MIGRANTS Control measures
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Construction Technology and Safety Risk Control Measures of Deep Foundation Pit Excavation 被引量:1
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作者 Mingmin Jiang 《Journal of World Architecture》 2023年第2期24-29,共6页
Deep foundation pit excavation is a basic and key step involved in modern building construction.In order to ensure the construction quality and safety of deep foundation pits,this paper takes a project as an example t... Deep foundation pit excavation is a basic and key step involved in modern building construction.In order to ensure the construction quality and safety of deep foundation pits,this paper takes a project as an example to analyze deep foundation pit excavation technology,including the nature of this construction project,the main technical measures in the construction of deep foundation pit,and the analysis of the safety risk prevention and control measures.The purpose of this analysis is to provide scientific reference for the construction quality and safety of deep foundation pits. 展开更多
关键词 Construction engineering Deep foundation pit excavation Construction technology Risk prevention and control measures
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Occurrence Characteristics and Prevention and Control Measures of Spodoptera frugiperda in Maize
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作者 Liping DONG Chunming LIU 《Plant Diseases and Pests》 CAS 2023年第3期8-9,共2页
Based on practical work experience,this paper analyzed the occurrence characteristics and control measures of Spodoptera frugiperda in maize.The measures including forecasting and early warning,regional prevention and... Based on practical work experience,this paper analyzed the occurrence characteristics and control measures of Spodoptera frugiperda in maize.The measures including forecasting and early warning,regional prevention and control,agricultural prevention and control,physical prevention and control,chemical prevention and control,and biological prevention and control can effectively control the damage of S.frugiperda and guarantee the safety of food production.The results will provide some reference for the prevention and control of S.frugiperda. 展开更多
关键词 Spodoptera frugiperda Occurrence characteristics Prevention and control measures MAIZE
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Cause of over Water Quality Standard and Control Measures of State-controlled Sections in Northern Water-deficient Area of Jiangsu 被引量:5
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作者 胡永定 韩宝平 +1 位作者 钱新 袁兴程 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2010年第2期91-94,99,共5页
Taking state-controlled section of Xuzhou Peiyan river as an example,the current water quality was monitored,and the cause of over water quality standard was analyzed.The results showed that the pollutants of Peiyan r... Taking state-controlled section of Xuzhou Peiyan river as an example,the current water quality was monitored,and the cause of over water quality standard was analyzed.The results showed that the pollutants of Peiyan river were mainly from the urban river segment,and the immediate cause of over standard was tributary pollutants in urban river segment with the runoff into rivers.So we should strengthen the maintenance of drainage control and gate-han,accelerate the construction of urban wastewater treatment facilities and supporting pipe network,promote rural decentralized sewage treatment,prevent and control livestock and poultry pollution,pesticides and fertilizers pollution,and intercept non-point source pollution by using eco-technology. 展开更多
关键词 State-controlled sections Cause analysis Control measures Water-deficient area China
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Analysis on Current Situation,Formation Causes and Control Countermeasures of Acid Rain Pollution in China 被引量:3
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作者 万玉山 王皖蒙 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2010年第10期92-95,共4页
Environmental problem is one of three major issues of common concern in the world today.Being a developing socialist country,the environmental problems in china are even more prominent,mainly in population expansion,s... Environmental problem is one of three major issues of common concern in the world today.Being a developing socialist country,the environmental problems in china are even more prominent,mainly in population expansion,sharp decrease of global forest areas,soil erosion,acid rain pollution,water pollution and so on.This essay is to introduce the present status,formation causes and hazardous condition of acid rain pollution in china.Some feasible and effective control measures are put forward according to the actual situation in China. 展开更多
关键词 Acid rain pollution Causes of pollution Hazards Control measures China
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Development Characteristics and Control Measures for Semiothisa cineraria Bremer & Grey 被引量:1
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作者 唐浩 李军民 +2 位作者 吴家全 高华清 张松光 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2014年第6期933-936,共4页
The development characteristics of Semiothisa cinerearia Bremer & Grey was summarized, and we also put forward the control measures of well completing insect surveys to provide scientific basis for the control and ac... The development characteristics of Semiothisa cinerearia Bremer & Grey was summarized, and we also put forward the control measures of well completing insect surveys to provide scientific basis for the control and actively carrying out comprehensive management to control the pests damage in the economic permissible level. 展开更多
关键词 Semiothisa cinerearia Bremer Grey Development characteristics Control measures
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Analysis on Aquatic Environment of an Artificial Lake and Control Measures to Its Pollution 被引量:1
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作者 杨银科 王文科 +1 位作者 邓红章 孙浩 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2012年第8期1749-1753,共5页
[Objective] This study aimed to find out effective measures to solve land- scape water eutrophication. [Method] Based on an overview of the urban landscape water characteristics and pollution control situation, taking... [Objective] This study aimed to find out effective measures to solve land- scape water eutrophication. [Method] Based on an overview of the urban landscape water characteristics and pollution control situation, taking an example of the artificial lakes in a campus in Xi'an, we comparatively analyzed the present pollution situation of Xiuyuan Lake and Mingyuan Lake, and provided controlling measures against eutrophication pollution, as well as restoration measures. [Result] All the indicators (TN, TP, Chl-a, NH3-N, CODMn) of the landscape water quality in both Xiuyuan Lake and Mingyuan Lake went severely beyond the Grade IV standards, presenting a state of heavy eutrophication. Nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient salts carried by atmospheric precipitation and its runoff, as well as domestic garbage generated by human activities were primary exogenous pollutants of the artificial lakes. And the release of sediment pollutants was endogenous substances causing deterioration of water quality. [Conclusion] This paper presents some measures to control the pollution of artificial lakes, and provides scientific references for the construction, operation and management of artificial lakes, as well as maintenance of aquatic environment. 展开更多
关键词 Urban landscape water EUTROPHICATION Control measures
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Usage of Pesticides and Control Measures in Qujing City
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作者 赵红艳 杨鑫 +1 位作者 崔丹 何焕云 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2013年第8期1156-1159,共4页
[Objective] The aim was to investigate pesticide use in Qujing city and explore the control measures.[Method] Surveys were made on pesticide use by farmers in five vegetable bases in Qujing city by questionnaires to s... [Objective] The aim was to investigate pesticide use in Qujing city and explore the control measures.[Method] Surveys were made on pesticide use by farmers in five vegetable bases in Qujing city by questionnaires to study pesticide use and existing problems by farmers.[Result] Some problems existed in pesticide use in Qujing,such as non-standard pesticide source,lower-recognition of pesticide and impacts of pesticide residues on environment,and without professional guidance.[Conclusion] The existing problems can be resolved by enhancing technical trainings of technicians or pesticide managers,strengthening pesticide promotion,and reinforcing examination of pesticide residues. 展开更多
关键词 PESTICIDE RESIDUE Control measures
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Influence of Marine Oil Pollution and Countermeasures
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作者 全爽 赵全升 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2013年第1期86-87,93,共3页
In the article, status quo of oil pollution in China's offshore area was in- troduced, and the sources of oil pollution in the ocean were analyzed. Furthermore, the possible hazards of marine oil pollution were discu... In the article, status quo of oil pollution in China's offshore area was in- troduced, and the sources of oil pollution in the ocean were analyzed. Furthermore, the possible hazards of marine oil pollution were discussed and related countermea- sures were proposed, including implementation of laws and regulations, enhancing awareness of environment protection, improvement of pollution monitoring and early warning mechanism, physical treatment, chemical treatment and biological treatment. With economy development, the demand of oil is increasing accordingly. Hence, oil pollution has become an urgent issue to be solved for better exploration of oil and protection of marine environment. 展开更多
关键词 Oil pollution Ocean ecology Control measures
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Epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Chongqing,China,2014-2021
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作者 Yong-Jiao Hu Qing Wang +5 位作者 Mu-Nan Zhang Xin Zeng Quan-Hong Lu Zheng Zhang Ping Cheng Jing Deng 《Medical Data Mining》 2024年第2期32-38,共7页
Background:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella epidemics in Chongqing Municipality from 2014 to 2021,and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of varicella prevention and control me... Background:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella epidemics in Chongqing Municipality from 2014 to 2021,and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of varicella prevention and control measures.Methods:Data on the incidence of varicella outbreaks and vaccination data in Chongqing from 2014 to 2021 were collected through the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System and statistically analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods.Results:From 2014 to 2021,213,715 cases of varicella were reported in Chongqing Municipality,with an average annual incidence rate of 86.26/100,000,with a statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=24,972.069,P<0.001);varicella incidence is seasonal,with peaks in May/June and October/December each year,presenting a“double-peak distribution”.The average annual incidence rate of varicella in municipal districts was 90.74/100,000,which was higher than that of counties 69.62/100,000 and autonomous counties 84.04/100,000;the average annual incidence rate of varicella in males was 89.37/100,000,and in females,82.22/100,000,with the difference not being statistically significant;the age of onset of the disease was mainly in the group of people under 15 years of age,with a total of 190,021 cases reported(88.9%),with 5-9 years old(35.7%)as the high incidence age group.The incidence occupation was dominated by students in 133,733 cases(62.6%).Conclusion:The overall varicella epidemic in Chongqing is on the rise,and has obvious seasonal,regional and population distribution characteristics.The prevention and control of varicella epidemic should be strengthened,the publicity of varicella vaccine should be increased,and it is recommended that varicella vaccine should be included in the national immunization program. 展开更多
关键词 VARICELLA epidemiologic characteristics VACCINATION preventive and control measures
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Damage by wind-blown sand and its control measures along the Taklimakan Desert Highway in China 被引量:15
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作者 LI Congjuan WANG Yongdong +4 位作者 LEI Jiaqiang XU Xinwen WANG Shijie FAN Jinglong LI Shengyu 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE CSCD 2021年第1期98-106,共9页
Desertification is one of the most serious environmental problems in the world,especially in the arid desert regions.Combating desertification,therefore,is an urgent task on a regional or even global scale.The Taklima... Desertification is one of the most serious environmental problems in the world,especially in the arid desert regions.Combating desertification,therefore,is an urgent task on a regional or even global scale.The Taklimakan Desert in China is the second largest mobile desert in the world and has been called the''Dead Sea''due to few organisms can exist in such a harsh environment.The Taklimakan Desert Highway,the longest desert highway(a total length of 446 km)across the mobile desert in the world,was built in the 1990s within the Taklimakan Desert.It has an important strategic significance regarding oil and gas resources exploration and plays a vital role in the socio-economic development of southern Xinjiang,China.However,wind-blow sand seriously damages the smoothness of the desert highway and,in this case,mechanical sand control system(including sand barrier fences and straw checkerboards)was used early in the life of the desert highway to protect the road.Unfortunately,more than 70%of the sand barrier fences and straw checkerboards have lost their functions,and the desert highway has often been buried and frequently blocked since 1999.To solve this problem,a long artificial shelterbelt with the length of 437 km was built along the desert highway since 2000.However,some potential problems still exist for the sustainable development of the desert highway,such as water shortage,strong sandstorms,extreme environmental characteristics and large maintenance costs.The study aims to provide an overview of the damages caused by wind-blown sand and the effects of sand control measures along the Taklimakan Desert Highway.Ultimately,we provide some suggestions for the biological sand control system to ensure the sustainable development of the Taklimakan Desert Highway,such as screening drought-resistant species to reduce the irrigation requirement and ensure the sound development of groundwater,screening halophytes to restore vegetation in the case of soil salinization,and planting cash crops,such as Cistanche,Wolfberry,Apocynum and other cash crops to decrease the high cost of maintenance on highways and shelterbelts. 展开更多
关键词 wind-blown sand sand barrier fences artificial shelterbelt mechanical sand control measure biological sand control measure sustainable development Taklimakan Desert Highway
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Assessment on the Effects of Hepatitis B Prevention and Control Measures in Western China:A Comparison of Three Population-based Serosurveys 被引量:6
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作者 CHEN Hui LIU Nan +6 位作者 JI Zhao Hua PU Zhong Shu GUO Zhi Wen GAO Jie SHAO Zhong Jun LIU Yi Wen YAN Yong Ping 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第10期735-744,共10页
Objective Despite the remarkable progress in efforts to control disease spread,the nationwide elimination of hepatitis B in China is still hindered by the persistently high rate of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection in W... Objective Despite the remarkable progress in efforts to control disease spread,the nationwide elimination of hepatitis B in China is still hindered by the persistently high rate of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection in Western China.This study aimed to evaluate the strategy of hepatitis B prevention and control in Western China and identify potential areas and strategies for improvement.Methods Susceptible population vaccination,health education,professional training of doctors,and other prevention and control measures have been implemented in Wuwei city since 2010.Data were obtained from three representative cross-sectional serosurveys conducted in 2010,2013,and 2015.The serum samples were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to detect the following seromarkers:HBV surface antigen(HBsAg),antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen(anti-HBs),and antibody against hepatitis B core antigen(anti-HBc).Estimates of variance were determined using Taylor series linearization methods.Results The three serosurveys revealed decreases in the prevalence of HBsAg(7.19% in 2010 vs.6.51% in 2013 vs.5.87% in 2015)and anti-HBc positivity(43.89%vs.32.87%vs.28.46%)and an increase in the prevalence of anti-HBs positivity(49.07%vs.53.66%vs.53.72%)over time.From 2010 to 2015,the legally reported incidence of hepatitis B in Wuwei city decreased from 686.53/100,000 to 53.72/100,000.Notably,persistently high HBsAg-positive rates(above 5.40%)were observed among subjects aged 20–69 years old in the three serosurveys;the prevalence of HBsAg was above 1% among children younger than 10 years old.Furthermore,rural subjects had higher rates of HBsAg and anti-HBc positivity than their urban counterparts(6.04%vs.4.83% and 30.26%vs.20.35%,respectively)in 2015 but had a lower rate of anti-HBs positivity(49.68 vs.55.18%).Multivariate regression analysis showed that age,urban and rural areas,and education level were the main factors affecting HBV infection.Conclusion Although vaccine-based prevention and control measures reduced the rate of HBV infection in Wuwei City over time,the hepatitis B infection rate in children younger than 10 years was still higher than the national average level.Therefore,the prevention and control of mother-to-child transmission and the management of the infected should be the focus of future prevention and control work. 展开更多
关键词 Hepatitis B Prevention a n d control measures SEROSURVEY Western China
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Quality control measures for lowering the seroconversion rate of hemodialysis patients with hepatitis B or C virus 被引量:2
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作者 Jing Yuan,Yi Yang, Fei Han, Ping Zhang, Xiao-Ying Du, Hua Jiang and Jiang-Hua Chen The Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Yuan J, Yang Y, Han F, Zhang P, Du XY, Jiang H and Chen JH) and Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Zhejiang Province (Yuan J, Zhang P, Du XY and Chen JH), Hangzhou 310003, China 《Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International》 SCIE CAS 2012年第3期302-306,共5页
BACKGROUND: Hemodialysis (HD) patients are at high risk of infection by hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). The present study was designed to determine the impact of quality control measures on the pre... BACKGROUND: Hemodialysis (HD) patients are at high risk of infection by hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). The present study was designed to determine the impact of quality control measures on the prevention of transmission of blood-borne viruses. METHODS: A total of 6182 adult maintenance HD patients from all HD units in Zhejiang Province were recruited on January 1, 2007. The baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded and all patients were followed up until death or survival at 4 years later. The Quality Control Standards of Hemodialysis were gradually implemented in HD units. The HBV or HCV seroconversion rates of the recruited patients were calculated and compared every year during the observation period. RESULTS: The prevalence of HBV was 8.3% at the beginning of the study, and 6.6% for HCV. With the implementation of the HD quality control measures, the HBV seroconversion rate tended to decrease year by year (χ 2 =6.620, P=0.085), and the HCV seroconversion rate decreased significantly (χ 2 =10.41, P=0.015). Compared with the data in 2007, the HBV seroconversion rate (χ 2 =4.204, P=0.040, relative risk ratio 0.393, 95% CI 0.156-0.991) and the HCV seroconversion rate (χ 2 =7.373, P=0.007, relative risk ratio 0.386, 95% CI 0.189-0.787) decreased significantly in 2010. CONCLUSION: Quality control measures for HD decreased the seroconversion rates of HBV or HCV in HD patients, showing that updated quality control measures reduce the risk for transmission of blood-borne viruses in the HD population. 展开更多
关键词 HEMODIALYSIS quality control measures INFECTION hepatitis B virus hepatitis C virus
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Current Status and Control Measures of Ecological Restoration in Karst Rocky Desertification Area of Guizhou 被引量:2
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作者 LIU Jian-zhong1,GUO Ying1,WANG Liu-ping1,HAN De-jun2 1.Guizhou Institute of Forestry Survey and Planning,Guiyang 550003,China 2.College of Resources and Environment,Guizhou College of Finance & Economics,Guiyang 550004,China 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2011年第5期61-64,共4页
[Objective] The aim was to analyze the current status and control measures of ecological restoration in Karst rocky desertification area of Guizhou.[Method] The current status and existing problems of ecological resto... [Objective] The aim was to analyze the current status and control measures of ecological restoration in Karst rocky desertification area of Guizhou.[Method] The current status and existing problems of ecological restoration in Karst rocky desertification area of Guizhou were studied firstly,and main control measures were put forward according to existing problems.[Result] At present,Karst rocky desertification area in Guizhou has suitable ecological environment,obvious control results and rich control experience,and there exist many problems like ambiguous concept of ecological restoration,biased control emphasis,single control measure and serious water shortage due to lagging engineering construction.Control measures mainly include combining natural restoration with artificial tending to speed up ecological restoration,reinforcing the restoration and rebuilding of development and construction project to prevent the deterioration of regional ecological environment,speeding up the construction of environmental friendly energy infrastructures to decrease the damage of vegetation by human activities,increasing industrial structure adjustment and greatly developing green industry and improving the investment in technological innovation to promote the rapid development of ecological restoration.[Conclusion] The study could provide scientific references for the ecological restoration in other Karst rocky desertification area in Southwest China. 展开更多
关键词 KARST DESERTIFICATION Ecological restoration Control measures China
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Soil and water loss in the Lancang River-Mekong River watershed (in Yunnan section, China) and its control measures 被引量:1
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作者 WANG Hong YAO Li xin 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2000年第1期92-99,共8页
According to a lot of hydrological and environmental monitoring data, the condition of soil and water loss in the Lancang River Mekong River watershed (in Yunnan section, China) is described. The occurrence and devel... According to a lot of hydrological and environmental monitoring data, the condition of soil and water loss in the Lancang River Mekong River watershed (in Yunnan section, China) is described. The occurrence and development of soil and water loss is analyzed. The conclusion is that: (1) generally, the situation of soil and water loss in the Lancang River Mekong River watershed (in Yunnan section, China) is light, however, soil and water loss in some regions is serious, especially in the middle reach area of the river; (2) soil and water loss in the Lancang River Mekong River (in Yunnan section, China) watershed presents developing tendency and it is mainly caused by human beings. In accordance with these results, the control measures for soil and water loss are discussed. 展开更多
关键词 Lancang River Mekong River watershed (in Yunnan section China) soil and water loss control measures soil erosion mud rock flow LANDSLIDE
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Prevention and Control Measures of Environmental Pollution Problem Caused by Dairy Farming in Inner Mongolia 被引量:1
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作者 Hong Li 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2013年第12期54-56,共3页
Environmental pollution problem generated in dairy farming process is the bottleneck restricting development of animal husbandry. By using the investigation data from dairy farmers of Inner Mongolia,environmental poll... Environmental pollution problem generated in dairy farming process is the bottleneck restricting development of animal husbandry. By using the investigation data from dairy farmers of Inner Mongolia,environmental pollution problem generated by dairy farming in Inner Mongolia and its cause were analyzed,and prevention and control measures were put forward. The research result showed that weak technology support of environmental treatment and environmental-protection awareness of dairy farmer and bad application effect of pollution control technology caused by lower education degree of dairy farmer were main reasons for environmental pollution problem. We should develop dairy circular economy,advocate a moderate scale,scientifically breed,and enhance training of pollution control technology and propaganda to protect environment. 展开更多
关键词 Dairy farming Environmental pollution Prevention and control measures Inner Mongolia China
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Farmland Soil Heavy Metal Pollution and Control Measures 被引量:1
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作者 LI Han GUO Huan-le +5 位作者 LIU Yu CAO Zhong-yang CHEN Song-lin LI Yi-wen WANG Yan-lan CHEN Zhi-hui 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2019年第6期43-51,共9页
Soil pollution has been considered as one of the main environmental problems in the world nowadays. The source of soil heavy metal pollution in farmland, the effect of heavy metal pollution on soil quality in farmland... Soil pollution has been considered as one of the main environmental problems in the world nowadays. The source of soil heavy metal pollution in farmland, the effect of heavy metal pollution on soil quality in farmland, growth of crops, quality of agricultural products and the effects of heavy metal pollution on human health were discussed in this paper. The heavy metal pollution control measures were introduced, including physical and chemical regulations, phytoremediation and agroecological restoration measures. The future research perspective was also discussed in this paper. 展开更多
关键词 Farmland soil Heavy metal pollution Control measures
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Scenario of Infection Prevention and Control Measures for Tuberculosis in Tuberculosis Inpatient and Outpatient Department in Tertiary Care Hospital 被引量:1
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作者 Yogita Mistry Sangita Rajdev Summaiya Mullan 《Journal of Tuberculosis Research》 2016年第4期147-154,共8页
Tuberculosis is one of the most important infectious diseases in our country. Also nosocomial infection by tuberculosis can occur, which can be prevented by implementing simple, effective and affordable tuberculosis i... Tuberculosis is one of the most important infectious diseases in our country. Also nosocomial infection by tuberculosis can occur, which can be prevented by implementing simple, effective and affordable tuberculosis infection control measures in health care facilities. To evaluate the effectiveness of infection control measures, such study was planned. Questionnaires were administered to all doctors, healthcare workers and servants working in outdoor and indoor department of tuberculosis at tertiary care hospital to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices on prevention and control of Tuberculosis infection. A scoring system was devised to grade them. One-time audit was also done in outpatient and inpatient department. The analysis showed scoring of poor for doctors, good for nurses and poor forward aids. There is a need to develop strategies for training of health care workers on regular basis in order to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections. Audit result shows a good level of environmental control measures. Better knowledge, attitude and practices are helpful for the prevention and control of tuberculosis. Also environmental control measures are helpful to prevent infection. 展开更多
关键词 Infection Prevention and Control measures TUBERCULOSIS Tuberculosis Departments
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Protective and treatment measures against major harmful organisms in cotton-growing belt of Xinjiang
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作者 Received date: 2000-01-03 Foundation item: Supported by Light of Western Regions Project and Key Project of CAS Integrated Demonstration Project for Sustainable Development of Cotton in Xinjiang with High Quality High Yield Technique LU Zhaozhi1, CHEN 《Journal of Geographical Sciences》 SCIE CSCD 2000年第3期21-27,共2页
Xinjiang is known as the oasis irrigation agricultural area, characterized by plenty of sunshine favorable for cotton growth. However, the oases, dotted in the gobi deserts, are distributed at the foot of the enclosed... Xinjiang is known as the oasis irrigation agricultural area, characterized by plenty of sunshine favorable for cotton growth. However, the oases, dotted in the gobi deserts, are distributed at the foot of the enclosed mountains and a steppe in the centre of the Turpan Basin, and thus has a rathe vulnerable eco-environment. Since the 1980s, the cotton-growing industry has developed very quickly. The area of cotton-growing belt has increased from 181,000 hectares in 1980 to 866,600 hectares in 1997, which accounted for 34.7% of the total cultivated area in Xinjiang. The cotton output has correspondingly increased from 79,200 tons to 1.05 million tons and per hectare output has also increased from 438 kg to 1211 kg[1]. In recent decades, changes have taken place in agricultural products, such as the ratio of cotton and grain, total output and per hectare output with the expansion of cotton-growing belt. Before 1982, per hectare cotton output remained below 450 kg. Since 1982, thanks to the adoption of plastic film technique and such a planation mode as 'short, dense and early', namely, to select short-stalked, close planting and early maturing varieties, the per hectare cotton output has undergone a steady increase. After 1984, per hectare output reached more than 900 kg, and since 1995 it has reached 1435 kg per hectare, 9 folds more than that in the 1950s[1,2]. However the harmful organisms have accompanied the repaid expansion of the cotton-growing belt and the degree of deterioration has also kept increasing. Harmful organisms present a bottleneck for the further development of cotton production. To effectively control and protect against harmful organisms is the key to guaranteeing the steady development of Xinjiang cotton industry. 展开更多
关键词 cotton-growing belt harmful organism control measure XINJIANG
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Biological Characteristics and Control Measures of Cydia pomonella(Linnaeus)
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作者 Xiangmin SUO Jie HAO +4 位作者 Tiezheng LIU Xinmin YAN Xiange WANG Jianzhong FENG Xueying LI 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2017年第1期176-179,共4页
Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus) is a fruit decay pests attacking apples, pears and other fruits, and it is an important quarantine pests in China. In recent years, the momentum of the eastward aggression of the insect in... Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus) is a fruit decay pests attacking apples, pears and other fruits, and it is an important quarantine pests in China. In recent years, the momentum of the eastward aggression of the insect in our country was more and more serious, and the harm degree was deepening. If Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus) is introduced, fruit production will be significantly affected in Hebei Province. The damage characteristics, morphological characteristics and life habit of Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus) were reviewed, and the control measures were proposed, in order to provide technical support for promoting the sound development of fruit industries in Hebei province. 展开更多
关键词 Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus) Decay fruit pests Biological characteristics DAMAGE Control measures
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