With the continuous increase of mining in depth,the gas extraction faces the challenges of low permeability,great ground stress,high temperature and large gas pressure in coal seam.The controllable shock wave(CSW),as ...With the continuous increase of mining in depth,the gas extraction faces the challenges of low permeability,great ground stress,high temperature and large gas pressure in coal seam.The controllable shock wave(CSW),as a new method for enhancing permeability of coal seam to improve gas extraction,features in the advantages of high efficiency,eco-friendly,and low cost.In order to better utilize the CSW into gas extraction in coal mine,the mechanism and feasibility of CSW enhanced extraction need to be studied.In this paper,the basic principles,the experimental tests,the mathematical models,and the on-site tests of CSW fracturing coal seams are reviewed,thereby its future research directions are provided.Based on the different media between electrodes,the CSW can be divided into three categories:hydraulic effect,wire explosion and excitation of energetic materials by detonating wire.During the process of propagation and attenuation of the high-energy shock wave in coal,the shock wave and bubble pulsation work together to produce an enhanced permeability effect on the coal seam.The stronger the strength of the CSW is,the more cracks created in the coal is,and the greater the length,width and area of the cracks being.The repeated shock on the coal seam is conducive to the formation of complex network fracture system as well as the reduction of coal seam strength,but excessive shock frequency will also damage the coal structure,resulting in the limited effect of the enhanced gas extraction.Under the influence of ground stress,the crack propagation in coal seam will be restrained.The difference of horizontal principal stress has a significant impact on the shape,propagation direction and connectivity of the CSW induced cracks.The permeability enhancement effect of CSW is affected by the breakage degree of coal seam.The shock wave is absorbed by the broken coal,which may hinder the propagation of CSW,resulting in a poor effect of permeability enhancement.When arranging two adjacent boreholes for CSW permeability enhancement test,the spacing of boreholes should not be too close,which may lead to negative pressure mutual pulling in the early stage of drainage.At present,the accurate method for effectively predicting the CSW permeability enhanced range should be further investigated.展开更多
Shock formation due to flow compressibility and its interaction with boundary layers has adverse effects on aerodynamic characteristics, such as drag increase and flow separation. The objective of this paper is to app...Shock formation due to flow compressibility and its interaction with boundary layers has adverse effects on aerodynamic characteristics, such as drag increase and flow separation. The objective of this paper is to appraise the practicability of weakening shock waves and, hence, reducing the wave drag in transonic flight regime using a two-dimensional jagged wall and thereby to gain an appropriate jagged wall shape for future empirical study. Different shapes of the jagged wall, including rectangular, circular, and triangular shapes, were employed. The numerical method was validated by experimental and numerical studies involving transonic flow over the NACA0012 airfoil, and the results presented here closely match previous experimental and numerical results. The impact of parameters, including shape and the length-to-spacing ratio of a jagged wall, was studied on aerodynamic forces and flow field. The results revealed that applying a jagged wall method on the upper surface of an airfoil changes the shock structure significantly and disintegrates it, which in turn leads to a decrease in wave drag. It was also found that the maximum drag coefficient decrease of around 17 % occurs with a triangular shape, while the maximum increase in aerodynamic efficiency（lift-to-drag ratio）of around 10 % happens with a rectangular shape at an angle of attack of 2.26？.展开更多
加氢装置是炼化企业典型的高危装置,涉及氢气等易燃易爆介质,安全风险较高。为研究加氢装置在开敞空间条件下氢气泄漏爆炸事故火焰及冲击波时空演化过程,基于FLACS三维模拟软件对某企业加氢装置建立了等比例模型,并对其进行氢气爆炸模...加氢装置是炼化企业典型的高危装置,涉及氢气等易燃易爆介质,安全风险较高。为研究加氢装置在开敞空间条件下氢气泄漏爆炸事故火焰及冲击波时空演化过程,基于FLACS三维模拟软件对某企业加氢装置建立了等比例模型,并对其进行氢气爆炸模拟研究,探究了不同当量比(ER)对氢气云燃爆超压值及温度的影响。研究结果表明,当量比(ER)在0.8~1.4范围内时,氢气爆炸的温度、超压峰值P max均随ER的增大呈先增大后减小的趋势,ER为1.05时,爆炸温度峰值及超压峰值最大,高温火焰传播范围半径约35 m,影响面积达到3800 m 2。此外,模拟结果为类似场景建筑物抗爆工程改造提供了理论指导。展开更多
针对推力状态控制时执行机构传感器发生故障影响发动机安全运行的问题,提出了一种非相似容错控制计划。该方法将燃油闭环/喷管开环和喷管闭环/燃油开环两种控制计划互为备份,并结合一种惯性切换逻辑,在执行机构传感器发生故障时切换控...针对推力状态控制时执行机构传感器发生故障影响发动机安全运行的问题,提出了一种非相似容错控制计划。该方法将燃油闭环/喷管开环和喷管闭环/燃油开环两种控制计划互为备份,并结合一种惯性切换逻辑,在执行机构传感器发生故障时切换控制计划以保障发动机的安全运行。面向串联式TBCC(Turbine Based Combined Cycle)发动机的冲压模态开展了仿真验证,结果表明,该容错控制计划能够实现发动机全包线范围内的推力状态容错控制,并且在传感器发生故障时能够平稳切换,推力波动小于1%,增强了控制系统的容错性。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52004117,52174117 and 52074146)Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(2021T140290 and 2020M680975)Basic scientific research project of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education(JYTZD2023073).
文摘With the continuous increase of mining in depth,the gas extraction faces the challenges of low permeability,great ground stress,high temperature and large gas pressure in coal seam.The controllable shock wave(CSW),as a new method for enhancing permeability of coal seam to improve gas extraction,features in the advantages of high efficiency,eco-friendly,and low cost.In order to better utilize the CSW into gas extraction in coal mine,the mechanism and feasibility of CSW enhanced extraction need to be studied.In this paper,the basic principles,the experimental tests,the mathematical models,and the on-site tests of CSW fracturing coal seams are reviewed,thereby its future research directions are provided.Based on the different media between electrodes,the CSW can be divided into three categories:hydraulic effect,wire explosion and excitation of energetic materials by detonating wire.During the process of propagation and attenuation of the high-energy shock wave in coal,the shock wave and bubble pulsation work together to produce an enhanced permeability effect on the coal seam.The stronger the strength of the CSW is,the more cracks created in the coal is,and the greater the length,width and area of the cracks being.The repeated shock on the coal seam is conducive to the formation of complex network fracture system as well as the reduction of coal seam strength,but excessive shock frequency will also damage the coal structure,resulting in the limited effect of the enhanced gas extraction.Under the influence of ground stress,the crack propagation in coal seam will be restrained.The difference of horizontal principal stress has a significant impact on the shape,propagation direction and connectivity of the CSW induced cracks.The permeability enhancement effect of CSW is affected by the breakage degree of coal seam.The shock wave is absorbed by the broken coal,which may hinder the propagation of CSW,resulting in a poor effect of permeability enhancement.When arranging two adjacent boreholes for CSW permeability enhancement test,the spacing of boreholes should not be too close,which may lead to negative pressure mutual pulling in the early stage of drainage.At present,the accurate method for effectively predicting the CSW permeability enhanced range should be further investigated.
文摘Shock formation due to flow compressibility and its interaction with boundary layers has adverse effects on aerodynamic characteristics, such as drag increase and flow separation. The objective of this paper is to appraise the practicability of weakening shock waves and, hence, reducing the wave drag in transonic flight regime using a two-dimensional jagged wall and thereby to gain an appropriate jagged wall shape for future empirical study. Different shapes of the jagged wall, including rectangular, circular, and triangular shapes, were employed. The numerical method was validated by experimental and numerical studies involving transonic flow over the NACA0012 airfoil, and the results presented here closely match previous experimental and numerical results. The impact of parameters, including shape and the length-to-spacing ratio of a jagged wall, was studied on aerodynamic forces and flow field. The results revealed that applying a jagged wall method on the upper surface of an airfoil changes the shock structure significantly and disintegrates it, which in turn leads to a decrease in wave drag. It was also found that the maximum drag coefficient decrease of around 17 % occurs with a triangular shape, while the maximum increase in aerodynamic efficiency（lift-to-drag ratio）of around 10 % happens with a rectangular shape at an angle of attack of 2.26？.
文摘加氢装置是炼化企业典型的高危装置,涉及氢气等易燃易爆介质,安全风险较高。为研究加氢装置在开敞空间条件下氢气泄漏爆炸事故火焰及冲击波时空演化过程,基于FLACS三维模拟软件对某企业加氢装置建立了等比例模型,并对其进行氢气爆炸模拟研究,探究了不同当量比(ER)对氢气云燃爆超压值及温度的影响。研究结果表明,当量比(ER)在0.8~1.4范围内时,氢气爆炸的温度、超压峰值P max均随ER的增大呈先增大后减小的趋势,ER为1.05时,爆炸温度峰值及超压峰值最大,高温火焰传播范围半径约35 m,影响面积达到3800 m 2。此外,模拟结果为类似场景建筑物抗爆工程改造提供了理论指导。
文摘针对推力状态控制时执行机构传感器发生故障影响发动机安全运行的问题,提出了一种非相似容错控制计划。该方法将燃油闭环/喷管开环和喷管闭环/燃油开环两种控制计划互为备份,并结合一种惯性切换逻辑,在执行机构传感器发生故障时切换控制计划以保障发动机的安全运行。面向串联式TBCC(Turbine Based Combined Cycle)发动机的冲压模态开展了仿真验证,结果表明,该容错控制计划能够实现发动机全包线范围内的推力状态容错控制,并且在传感器发生故障时能够平稳切换,推力波动小于1%,增强了控制系统的容错性。
