Enhanced degradation of tetracycline by gas-liquid discharge plasma coupled with g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2)

Plasma-catalysis is considered as one of the most promising technologies for antibiotic degradation in water.In the plasma-catalytic system,one of the factors affecting the degradation effect is the performance of the photocatalyst,which is usually restricted by the rapid recombination of electrons and holes as well as narrow light absorption range.In this research,a photocatalyst g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) was prepared and coupled with gas-liquid discharge(GLD)to degrade tetracycline(TC).The performance was examined,and the degradation pathways and mechanisms were studied.Results show that a 90%degradation rate is achieved in the GLD with g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) over a 10 min treatment.Increasing the pulse voltage is conducive to increasing the degradation rate,whereas the addition of excessive g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) tends to precipitate agglomerates,resulting in a poor degradation efficiency.The redox properties of the g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) surface promote the generation of oxidizing active species(H2O2,O3)in solution.Radical quenching experiments showed that·OH,hole(h^(+)),play important roles in the TC degradation by the discharge with g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2).Two potential degradation pathways were proposed based on the intermediates.The toxicity of tetracycline was reduced by treatment in the system.Furthermore,the g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) composites exhibited excellent recoverability and stability.

Simultaneous oxidation of NO,SO_2 and Hg^0 from flue gas by pulsed corona discharge

A process capable of simultaneously oxidizing NO, SO2, and Hg^0 was proposed, using a nigh-voltage and short-duration positive pulsed corona discharge. By focusing on NO, SO2, and Hg^0 oxidation efficiencies, the influences of pulse peak voltage, pulse frequency, initial concentration, electrode number, residence time and water vapor addition were investigated. The results indicate that NO, SO2 and Hg^0 oxidation efficiencies depend primarily on the radicals （OH, HO2, O） and the active species （O3, H2O2, etc.） produced by the pulsed corona discharge. The NO, SO2 and Hg^0 oxidation efficiencies could be improved as pulse peak voltage, pulse frequency, electrode number and residence time increased, but they were reduced with increasing initial concentrations. By adding water vapor, the SO2 oxidation efficiency was improved remarkably, while the NO oxidation efficiency decreased slightly. In our experiments, the simultaneous NO, SO2, and Hg^0 oxidation efficiencies reached to 40%, 98%, and 55% with the initial concentrations 479 mg/m^3, 1040 mg/m^3, and 15.0 μg/m^3, respectively.

Effects of acupuncture at Sibai(ST 2) acupoint on neuronal discharge in rat nucleus tractus solitarius

BACKGROUND： Electrophysiology can prove the integration of afferent information from the stomach meridian of Foot-Yangming in the nucleus tractus solitarius （NTS） and objectively describe the specific association between meridian vessels and Zang Fu organs. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of afferent information from acupuncture at Sibai （ST 2） acupoint on neuronal discharge in rat NTS. DESIGN, TIME AND SETFING： A randomized, controlled, animal experiment was performed at the Key Laboratory of Meridian-Vessels and Zang Fu Organs, Traditional Chinese Medicine University of Hunan, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Acupuncture, Moxibustion, and the Biological Information of Hunan Higher Education Institutes, between December 2005 and October 2008. MATERIALS： A total of 52 Sprague Dawley rats, of either gender, aged 4 months, were included in this study. Acupuncture needles of 0.32 mm （diameter） x 40 mm （length） were used. METHODS： An extracellular recording protocol was applied. The Sibai （ST 2） acupoint in the stomach meridian of Foot-Yangming was used as an acupuncture point （acupoint）. Simultaneously, Dicang （ST 4） and Neiting （ST 44） acupoints in the stomach meridian of Foot-Yangming, Quanliao （S118） acupoint in the small intestine meridian of Hand-Taiyang, and a non-acupoint lateral to Sibai （ST 2） acupoint, were selected as controls. The Sibai （ST 2） acupoint was stimulated for 30 seconds by hand acupuncture through twirling and rotating, to determine the neurons responding to body surface stimulation in the NTS. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Frequency of responding NTS neurons after acupuncture at four acupoints including Sibai （ST 2）, Dicang （ST 4）, Neiting （ST 44） and Quanliao （SI 18） and one non-acupoint. RESULTS： The frequency of responding NTS neurons was significantly higher after acupuncture at Sibaithan at control sites including the Dicang （ST 4）, Neiting （ST 44） and Quanliao （S118） acupoints and at the non-acupoint （P 〈 0.01）. The frequency of responding NTS neurons at Dicang （ST 4） and Quanliao （SI 18） was significantly higher than at Quanliao （SI 18） and the non-acupoint （P 〈 0.05）. The rate of frequency change of responding NTS neurons for the Sibai （ST 2）, Dicang （ST 4）, Neiting （ST 44）, and Quanliao （S118） acupoints as well as the non-acupoint was （35.08±4.80） %, （28.25± 5.46） %, （27.57± 4.87） %, （20.02 ±4.23） %, and （18.55 ±2.49） % respectively. Simultaneously, significant differences existed between Sibai （ST 2） and the other acupoints （P 〈 0.05 or P〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Compared with the Dicang （ST 4） and Neiting （ST 44） acupoints in the stomach meridian of Foot-Yangming, Quanliao （SI 18） acupoint in the small intestine meridian of Hand-Taiyang, and the non-acupoint lateral to Sibai （ST 2） acupoint, the Sibai （ST 2） acupoint in the stomach meridian of Foot- Yangming is more closely related to the NTS. In the stomach meridian of Foot- Yangming, afferent information is different in distant and near Shu acupoints, indicating that each Shu acupoint has its own specificity.

Analysis of Dissociation Mechanism of CO_2 in a Micro-Hollow Cathode Discharge

Considering the feature of distributions of parameters within the micro-hollow cathode discharge, we use a simple method to separate the sheath region characterized by drastic changes of plasma parameters and the bulk plasma region characterized by smooth changes of plasma parameters. A zero-dimensional chemical kinetic model is used to analyze the dissociation mechanism of CO2 in the bulk plasma region of a micro-hollow cathode discharge and is validated by comparisons with previous modeling and experimental results. The analysis of the chemical kinetic processes has shown that the electron impact dissociation and heavy species impact dissociation are dominant in different stages of the rnicro-hollow cathode discharge process for a given applied voltage. The analysis of energy consumption distributions under different applied voltages reveals that the main reason of the conversion improvement with the increase of the applied voltage is that more input energy is distributed to the heavy species impact dissociation.

Time-resolved measurements of NO2 concentration in pulsed discharges by high-sensitivity cavity ring-down spectroscopy

To describe the complex kinetics of formation and destruction mechanism of nitrogen dioxide（NO2）, there is an increasing demand for real-time and in situ analysis of NO2 in the discharge region. Pulsed cavity ring-down spectroscopy（CRDS） provides an excellent diagnostic approach. In the present paper, CRDS has been applied in situ for time evolution measurement of NO2 concentration which is rarely investigated in gas discharges. In pulsed direct current discharge of NO2/Ar mixture at a pressure of 500 Pa, a peak voltage of -1300 V and a frequency of 30 Hz, for higher initial NO2 concentration（3.05×10^（14）cm^（-3）, 8.88×10^（13）cm^（-3））,the NO2 concentration sharply decreases at the beginning of the discharge afterglow and then becomes almost constant, and the pace of decline increases with pulse duration; however, for lower initial NO2 concentration of 1.69×10^（13）cm^（-3）, the NO2 concentration also decreases at the beginning of the discharge afterglow for 200 ns and 1 μs pulse durations, while it slightly increases and then declines for 2 μs pulse duration. Thus, the removal of low-level NO2 could not be promoted by a higher mean energy input.

Effect of activated NH_3 on SO_2 removal by pulse corona discharge plasma in flue gas

NH 3 activated electrode is placed in front of the electrode system of pulse corona discharge plasma. There are nozzles on the electrode. Positive DC high\|voltage is applied on the nozzle\|plate gap. NH\-3 is injected into the reactor through nozzles, at the same time, activated and treated. These nozzles were proposed in order to make the additional gas pass through corona discharge regions near the tip of nozzles and increase the mount of radicals. The aim is to improve the De\|SO\-2 efficiency by pulse discharge plasma in flue gas. The following topics are investigated and discussed in the paper: De\|SO\-2 effect of single NH\-3\|activated electrode, De\|SO\-2 effect of activated NH\-3, the relationship between stoichiometric ratio of NH\-3 to SO\-2 and De\|SO\-2 effect of activated NH\-3, mechanism of activated NH\-3 De\|SO\-2 effect. The experimental result indicates that the De\|SO\-2 efficiency can be increased 5%—10% by activated NH\-3 on the original base of De\|SO\-2 efficiency.

The CO2 Discharge in the Boundary Fault Areas of the Sichuan-Yunnan Block and Its Sources

A large number of CO2 springs outcrop along the boundary faults of the Sichuan-Yunnan block and in their neighboring areas.These springs are of a roughly similar distribution as the epicenters of strong earthquakes since 1900.This similarity indicates that the CO2 discharges could be directly related to the modern seismic activity in that area.The evidences of stable carbon and oxygen isotopes indicate that an overwhelming majority of the CO2 released from modern active faults is derived from the deep earth crust.There are 2 main mechanisms of CO2 discharge.Modern active faults are able both to produce directly a lot of CO2 due to thermodynamic metamorphism and to provide passages for the CO2 constituent coming from the lower crust or upper mantle.By continuously monitoring the dynamic changes of CO2 discharges,it would be possible to obtain the information of earthquake precursors that reflect the physical and chemical changes of the earthquake sources.

Effect of Carbon Dioxide (CO_2) Controlled Atmosphere on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Activity of Three Storage Pests in Chinese Medicinal Materials

[ Objective ] The paper was to study the effect of controlled atmosphere stress of carbon dioxide （ CO2 ） on Superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity of in- sect, so as to analyze the biological mechanism of the action of controlled atmosphere stress on insect. [ Method] Using nitrotetrazolium blue chloride （NBT） light reduction method, SOD activity of drugstore beetle （ Stegobium panlceum ）, cigarette beetle （ Lasioderma serricorne） and coffee bean beetle （Araecerus fasciculatus） was studied, and the stress response of the enzyme under controlled atmosphere stress of CO2 was analyzed. [ Result ] SOD activity of drugstore beetle, cigarette beetle and coffee bean beetle exposed to controlled atmosphere stress of high concentrations of CO2 for 3 and 6 h had certain degree of increase, and the activity sig- nificantly increased from 2.011±0.954,2.664±0.218 and 1.458±0.718 to 3. 135±0. 105,3.050±0.673 and 2.975±0.229 U/（per pest · 30 min） after treat- ment for 6 h. [ Conclusion] Controlled atmosphere stress of high concentrations of CO2 had certain activation effect on SOD activity of storage pest in Chinese me- dicinal material within the context of sub-lethal events. The results could enrich the insecticidal mechanism of controlled atmosphere and theoretical system of analy- sis on insect resistance to controlled atmosphere.

A matrix metalloproteinase-responsive hydrogel system controls angiogenic peptide release for repair of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

Vascular endothelial growth factor and its mimic peptide KLTWQELYQLKYKGI(QK)are widely used as the most potent angiogenic factors for the treatment of multiple ischemic diseases.However,conventional topical drug delivery often results in a burst release of the drug,leading to transient retention(inefficacy)and undesirable diffusion(toxicity)in vivo.Therefore,a drug delivery system that responds to changes in the microenvironment of tissue regeneration and controls vascular endothelial growth factor release is crucial to improve the treatment of ischemic stroke.Matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)is gradually upregulated after cerebral ischemia.Herein,vascular endothelial growth factor mimic peptide QK was self-assembled with MMP-2-cleaved peptide PLGLAG(TIMP)and customizable peptide amphiphilic(PA)molecules to construct nanofiber hydrogel PA-TIMP-QK.PA-TIMP-QK was found to control the delivery of QK by MMP-2 upregulation after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and had a similar biological activity with vascular endothelial growth factor in vitro.The results indicated that PA-TIMP-QK promoted neuronal survival,restored local blood circulation,reduced blood-brain barrier permeability,and restored motor function.These findings suggest that the self-assembling nanofiber hydrogel PA-TIMP-QK may provide an intelligent drug delivery system that responds to the microenvironment and promotes regeneration and repair after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

The Future Programming of Acid Rain and SO_2 Control in China

This paper describes a programme for controlling acld rain and SO2 pollutions in the coming years in China. It embraces the control targets in some respects, such as precipitation acidity, urban SO2 pollution, SO2 emission sources and its total emission, and various control measures, such as limiting the exploitation of high sulfur coal, promoting steam coal washing, strengthening SO2 emission sources control and readjusting their special layout, enhancing total SO2 emission control, implementing the licence system of pollution discharge and the exchange system of SO2 emission and revising the SO2 emission standards.

Microstructures and Properties of Honeycomb Sulfur/carbon Black/MoS_(2) Composites

Microstructure and property of sulfur/carbon black composites prepared by ball milling were studied.Sulfur/carbon black composites were obtained by melting the mixture of sulfur and carbon black in 155℃and dispersing evenly in carbon black after hydrothermal reaction.Thus,its conductive properties were improved.Moreover,microstructure and property of honeycomb sulfur/carbon black/MoS_(2) prepared by hydrothermal method as a cathode material for lithium-sulfur batteries were studied.The initial discharge specific capacity of the material at 0.2 A/g current density is 838.495 mA·h/g,and the 55.14%after 100 weeks of cycling.It is indicated that MoS_(2) can not only combine with polysulfides through electrostatic action or the action of chemical bonds,but also honeycomb porous structure.MoS_(2) can fix polysulfides groups and prevent their shuttle.Therefore,the cycling performance of the battery is effectively improved.

Silencing transformer and transformer-2 in Zeugodacus cucurbitae causes defective sex determination with inviability of most pseudomales

transformer is a switch gene for sex determination in many insects, which cooperates with transformer-2 that is expressed in both sexes to regulate female differentiation, particularly in dipterans. Zeugodacus cucurbitae(Coquillett) is a very destructive pest worldwide, however, its sex determination pathway remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we show that the female sex ratio is sharply reduced with knockdown of either transformer or transformer-2 by RNA interference in early embryos of Z. cucurbitae. Most of the males grown from the embryos with transient transformer and transformer-2 suppression mated with wild-type females and produced mixed sex progeny, with one exception that produced only female progeny, and all of the few remaining males failed to mate with wild-type females and produced no progeny. The exceptional male and those males with mating failure were XX pseudomales as determined by the detection of Y chromosome-linked Maleness-on-the-Y, indicating that most XX pseudomales are not viable. The phenotypes of transformer and transformer-2 suggest that they play a key role in regulating sex determination and are required for female sexual development of Z. cucurbitae. Our results will be beneficial to the understanding of sex determination in Z. cucurbitae and can facilitate the development of genetic sexing strains for its biological control.

Platelet indices as predictors of poor glucoregulation in type 2 diabetes mellitus adults at Bishoftu General Hospital,Ethiopia

BACKGROUND Diabetes is a chronic metabolic syndrome that has become a global public health problem with significant morbidity and mortality.It is a pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic condition characterized by increased platelet activation and alterations in platelet indices.However,the use of platelet indices as predictors of poor glucoregulation has not been fully evaluated in this context,and evidence for their role as predictors of poor glycemic status in diabetic patients is limited.AIM To evaluate platelet indices and determine their prognostic significance in relation to inadequate glucoregulation among individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at Bishoftu General Hospital in Ethiopia,from June 15 to August 12,2022.METHODS A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in 261 participants including 174 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and 87 non-diabetic controls.The systematic random sampling technique was used to select participants.Data were collected using structured questionnaires,physical measurements,checklists,and laboratory tests.Platelet parameters and fasting blood glucose levels were determined from blood samples using Sysmex-XN550 and CobasC311 analyzers,respectively.The hematology analyzer output was checked and participants were also screened for malaria parasites using a prepared blood smear.Collected data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis.Theχ^(2) test,Mann-Whitney U test,Kruskal-Wallis test,post hoc test,Spearman correlation,and receiver operating characteristic curve were used for analysis.A P value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS The results of our study indicate that diabetic patients have significantly higher levels of platelet distribution width(PDW),mean platelet volume(MPV),platelet large cell ratio(PLCR),and plateletcrit(PCT)compared to healthy individuals(P<0.001).Furthermore,these indices were found to be significantly elevated in individuals with poor glycemic control in T2DM compared to those with good glycemic control and healthy controls.We also observed significant correlations between these indices and various anthropometric and clinical variables.Our findings suggest that PDW,with a cut-off value of 15.75 fL and an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.803,MPV,with a cut-off value of 12.25 fL and an AUC of 0.774,PLCR,with a cut-off value of 36.3%and an AUC of 0.775,and PCT,with a cut-off value of 0.24%and an AUC of 0.761,can serve as predictors of poor glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus.CONCLUSION The observed correlation between diabetic patients and a significant increase in platelet indices has highlighted their potential as predictors of poor glycemic control in diabetes.Therefore,regular screening and profiling of platelet indices is recommended as part of the follow-up process for individuals with diabetes mellitus.

Prediction of discharge in a tidal river using the LSTM-based sequence-to-sequence models

The complexity of river-tide interaction poses a significant challenge in predicting discharge in tidal rivers.Long short-term memory(LSTM)networks excel in processing and predicting crucial events with extended intervals and time delays in time series data.Additionally,the sequence-to-sequence(Seq2Seq)model,known for handling temporal relationships,adapting to variable-length sequences,effectively capturing historical information,and accommodating various influencing factors,emerges as a robust and flexible tool in discharge forecasting.In this study,we introduce the application of LSTM-based Seq2Seq models for the first time in forecasting the discharge of a tidal reach of the Changjiang River(Yangtze River)Estuary.This study focuses on discharge forecasting using three key input characteristics:flow velocity,water level,and discharge,which means the structure of multiple input and single output is adopted.The experiment used the discharge data of the whole year of 2020,of which the first 80%is used as the training set,and the last 20%is used as the test set.This means that the data covers different tidal cycles,which helps to test the forecasting effect of different models in different tidal cycles and different runoff.The experimental results indicate that the proposed models demonstrate advantages in long-term,mid-term,and short-term discharge forecasting.The Seq2Seq models improved by 6%-60%and 5%-20%of the relative standard deviation compared to the harmonic analysis models and improved back propagation neural network models in discharge prediction,respectively.In addition,the relative accuracy of the Seq2Seq model is 1%to 3%higher than that of the LSTM model.Analytical assessment of the prediction errors shows that the Seq2Seq models are insensitive to the forecast lead time and they can capture characteristic values such as maximum flood tide flow and maximum ebb tide flow in the tidal cycle well.This indicates the significance of the Seq2Seq models.

Study on the Interactivity of Controlled and Automatic Information Processing in L2 Reading

L2 reading is not only an important channel for people to obtain information and knowledge,but also the main way for people to learn a foreign language.Reading information processing can be divided into controlled processing and automatic processing.Controlled information processing is a conscious and resource-intensive processing model,while automatic information processing is an unconscious and automatic processing model.This study investigates the characteristics and interactivity of controlled and automatic information processing in L2 reading,and explores the roles of controlled and automatic information processing strategies in improving L2 reading ability.The findings are as follows:(a)controlled and automatic information processing is interactive in L2 reading;and(b)the uses of controlled and automatic information processing strategies are beneficial to the improvement of the reading ability of L2 learners.This study has important theoretical and practical value in improving the efficiency of L2 reading teaching and learning.

Comparison of Oral Manifestations in Hospitalized COVID-19 Positive Patients and COVID-19 Negative Dental Outpatients. A Case Series Study and Literature Review

Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infectious disease, also named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which can cause various systemic manifestations that pose a threat to human life. Oral lesions in patients with COVID-19 may appear during or after the illness and may or may not be a consequence of the viral infection. Objective: In this case series we compare the oral manifestations in hospitalized COVID-19 positive patients and COVID-19 negative dental outpatients. Methods: 60 hospitalized COVID-19 patients and 41 control patients, were examined for oral signs and symptoms. The controls were dental patients who visited the hospital for dental care without complaining of any problems related to the oral cavity itself. Results: We have observed a strong association between certain clinical findings and COVID-19, including alterations in taste (ageusia, dysgeusia, and hypogeusia), anosmia, hairy tongue, tongue imprints, red tongue, erythematous candidiasis, pseudomembranous candidiasis, and exfoliative cheilitis. A trend but not statistically significant association at the level of 5% was also noted for colored tongue, linea alba, and pale mucosa. On the contrary, fissured tongue and oral mucosa pigmentation were more frequent in the controls, statistically significant at the level of 5%. Conclusion: COVID-19 has been found to impact the oral cavity, resulting in various oral lesions that can be attributed to either the direct action of the virus or the patient’s immune response.

Preparation of N‐vacancy‐doped g‐C_3N_4 with outstanding photocatalytic H_2O_2 production ability by dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment

Dielectric barrier discharge（DBD） plasma is considered to be a promising method to synthesize solid catalysts. In this work, DBD plasma was used to synthesize a nitrogen‐vacancy‐doped g‐C3N4 catalyst in situ for the first time. X‐ray diffraction, N2 adsorption, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectrosco‐py, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, O2 tempera‐ture‐programmed desorption, and photoluminescence were used to characterize the obtained cat‐alysts. The photocatalytic H2O2 production ability of the as‐prepared catalyst was investigated. The results show that plasma treatment influences the morphology, structure, and optical properties of the as‐prepared catalyst. Nitrogen vacancies are active centers, which can adsorb reactant oxygen molecules, trap photoelectrons, and promote the transfer of photoelectrons from the catalyst to the adsorbed oxygen molecules for the subsequent reduction reaction. This work provides a new strat‐egy for synthesizing g‐C3N4‐based catalysts.

Synthesis and electrochemical performances of LiCoO_2 recycled from the incisors bound of Li-ion batteries

A new LiCoO2 recovery technology for Li-ion batteries was studied in this paper. LiCoO2 was peeled from the Al foil with dimethyl acetamide （DMAC）, and then polyvinylidene fluoride （PVDF） and carbon powders in the active material were eliminated by high temperature calcining. Subsequently, Li2CO3, LiOH-H20 and LiAc-2H2O were added into the recycled powders to adjust the Li/Co molar ratio to 1.00. The new LiCoO2 was obtained by calcining the mixture at 850℃ for 12 h in air. The structure and morphology of the recycled powders and resulting samples were studied by XRD and SEM techniques, respectively. The layered structure of LiCoO2 synthesized by adding Li2CO3 is the best, and it is found to have the best characteristics as a cathode material in terms of charge-discharge capacity and cycling performance. The first discharge capacity is 160 mAh·g^-1 between 3.0-4.3 V. The discharge capacity after cycling for 50 times is still 145.2 mAh·g^-1.

Glow Discharge Induced Hydroxyl Radical Degradation of 2-Naphthylamine

In an aqueous solution, normal electrolysis at high voltages switches over spontaneously to glow discharge electrolysis and gives rise to hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, and aqueous electron, as well as several other active species. Hydroxyl radical directly attacks organic contaminants to make them oxidized. In the present paper, 2-naphthylamine is eventually degraded into hydrogen carbonate and carbon dioxide. The degradation process is analyzed by using an Ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectrum, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). It is demonstrated that 2-naphthylamine (co =30 mg·1-1) is completely converted within 2h at 30℃ and 600 V by glow discharge electrolysis, and the degradation is strongly dependent upon the presence of ferrous ions. COD is ascended in the absence of ferrous ions and descended in the presence of them.

Application of DBD and DBCD in SO_2 Removal

The dielectric barrier corona discharge(DBCD) in a wire-cylinder configuration and the dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) in a coaxial cylinder configuration are studied. The discharge current in DBD has a higher pulse amplitude than in DBCD. The dissipated power and the gas-gap voltage are calculated by analyzing the measured Lissajous figure. With the increasing applied voltage, the energy utilization factor for SO2 removal increases in DBCD but decreases in DBD because of the difference in their electric field distribution. Experiments of SO2 removal show that in the absence of NH3 the energy utilization factor can reach 31 g/kWh in DBCD and 39 g/kWh in DBD.