ZERO KINEMATIC VISCOSITY-MAGNETIC DIFFUSION LIMIT OF THE INCOMPRESSIBLE VISCOUS MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC EQUATIONS WITH NAVIER BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

We investigate the uniform regularity and zero kinematic viscosity-magnetic diffusion limit for the incompressible viscous magnetohydrodynamic equations with the Navier boundary conditions on the velocity and perfectly conducting conditions on the magnetic field in a smooth bounded domain Ω⊂R^(3).It is shown that there exists a unique strong solution to the incompressible viscous magnetohydrodynamic equations in a finite time interval which is independent of the viscosity coefficient and the magnetic diffusivity coefficient.The solution is uniformly bounded in a conormal Sobolev space and W^(1,∞)(Ω)which allows us to take the zero kinematic viscosity-magnetic diffusion limit.Moreover,we also get the rates of convergence in L^(∞)(0,T;L^(2)),L^(∞)(0,T;W^(1,p))(2≤p<∞),and L^(∞)((0,T)×Ω)for some T>0.

A Split-Step Predictor-Corrector Method for Space-Fractional Reaction-Diffusion Equations with Nonhomogeneous Boundary Conditions

A split-step second-order predictor-corrector method for space-fractional reaction-diffusion equations with nonhomogeneous boundary conditions is presented and analyzed for the stability and convergence.The matrix transfer technique is used for spatial discretization of the problem.The method is shown to be unconditionally stable and second-order convergent.Numerical experiments are performed to confirm the stability and secondorder convergence of the method.The split-step predictor-corrector method is also compared with an IMEX predictor-corrector method which is found to incur oscillatory behavior for some time steps.Our method is seen to produce reliable and oscillatioresults for any time step when implemented on numerical examples with nonsmooth initial data.We also present a priori reliability constraint for the IMEX predictor-corrector method to avoid unwanted oscillations and show its validity numerically.

Blow-up Results for the Nonclassical Diffusion Equations with Dynamical Boundary Condition

In this article,under suitable conditions on the internal term f(·)and the bound-ary nonlinear term g(·),we prove blow-up results for a class of nonclassical diffusion equations with nonlinear boundary condition.

A nanofluid MHD flow with heat and mass transfers over a sheet by nonlinear boundary conditions: Heat and mass transfers enhancement

In this paper,we have numerically examined the steady boundary layer of a viscous incompressible nanofluid and its heat and mass transfers above a horizontal flat sheet.The boundary conditions considered were a nonlinear magnetic field,a nonlinear velocity and convection.Such nonlinearity in hydrodynamic and heat transfer boundary conditions and also in the magnetic field has not been addressed with the great details in the literature.In this investigation,both the Brownian motion and thermophoretic diffusion have been considered.A similarity solution is achieved and the resulting ordinary differential equations (nonlinear) are worked numerically out.Upon validation,the following hydrodynamic and heat and mass transfers parameters were found:the reduced Sherwood and Nusselt numbers,the reduced skin friction coefficient,and the temperature and nanoparticle volume fraction profiles.All these parameters are found affected by the Lewis,Biot and Prandtl numbers,the stretching,thermophoretic diffusion,Brownian motion and magnetic parameters.The detailed trends observed in this paper are carefully analyzed to provide useful design suggestions.

The solutions for rate equations of lasers with initial and boundary conditions based on diffusion equation

The rate equations describing a solid-state laser are derived from diffusion equation. To settle the equations, a LD pumped Q-switched laser is considered. With the initial and boundary conditions, the photon intensity φ(r,t)and population inversion n(r,t)are obtained. The calculated values fit the experimental results well.

Diffusion models for the description of seedless grape drying using analytical and numerical solutions

This article compares diffusion models used to describe seedless grape drying at low temperature. The models were analyzed, assuming the following characteristics of the drying process: boundary conditions of the first and the third kind;constant and variable volume, V;constant and variable effective mass diffusivity, D;constant convective mass transfer coefficient, h. Solutions of the diffusion equation (analytical and numerical) were used to determine D and h for experimental data of seedless grape drying. Comparison of simulations of drying kinetics indicates that the best model should consider: 1) shrinkage;2) convective boundary condition;3) variable effective mass diffusivity. For the analyzed experimental dataset, the best function to represent the effective mass diffusivity is a hyperbolic cosine. In this case, the statistical indicators of the simulation can be considered excellent (the determination coefficient is R2 = 0.9999 and the chi-square is χ2 = 3.241 × 10–4).

On the Well-Posedness Problem of the Anisotropic Porous Medium Equation with a Variable Diffusion Coefficient

The initial-boundary value problem of an anisotropic porous medium equation■is studied.Compared with the usual porous medium equation,there are two different characteristics in this equation.One lies in its anisotropic property,another one is that there is a nonnegative variable diffusion coefficient a(x,t)additionally.Since a(x,t)may be degenerate on the parabolic boundary∂Ω×(0,T),instead of the boundedness of the gradient|∇u|for the usual porous medium,we can only show that∇u∈L^(∞)(0,T;L^(2)_(loc)(Ω)).Based on this property,the partial boundary value conditions matching up with the anisotropic porous medium equation are discovered and two stability theorems of weak solutions can be proved naturally.

带分数阶Robin边界条件的时间-空间分数阶扩散方程的有限差分方法

In this paper, an efficient numerical method is proposed to solve the Caputo-Riesz fractional diffusion equation with fractional Robin boundary conditions. We approximate the Riesz space fractional derivatives using the fractional central difference scheme with second-order accurate. A priori estimation of the solution of the numerical scheme is given, and the stability and convergence of the numerical scheme are analyzed.Finally, a numerical example is used to verify the accuracy and efficiency of the numerical method.

一维对流-扩散试验各种边界条件及其统一形式解析解

黏土系材料广泛应用于各种污染防治工程,扩散系数是其关键参数之一,实验室一般通过拟合一维土柱对流-扩散试验数据来确定土的扩散系数。探讨了常用的零浓度边界、零浓度梯度边界和半无限边界对应的试验条件,给出了各边界条件的统一形式,通过引入变换式和辅助问题,求解得到各边界条件下统一的有限厚度土层中对流-扩散-吸附解析解,分析了各解析解之间的差异和用于数据拟合产生的误差。结果表明,每一种底边界条件都与土柱试验底部的实际情况相对应,柯西边界可看作各种边界条件的统一形式;土柱未被击穿时各边界条件解析解无差别;土柱击穿后,越靠近土柱底面,各种边界条件解析解计算结果差异越大,底面处浓度值随柯西参数?/?的增大而减小,?/?越大,代表底边界处扩散在溶质迁移中所占比例越大,同时底部浓度梯度越大;算例中对底部为半无限边界的试验数据进行拟合,若采用零浓度边界和零浓度梯度边界,计算结果分别偏大15%和偏小9%,根据土柱底部的对流-扩散比例和浓度梯度具体情况选择相应边界条件下的解析解,是保证数据拟合正确性的基本要求。

基于Helmholtz模型的流注放电过程光电离快速计算

流注放电过程通常用流体模型来描述,它由粒子连续性方程耦合泊松方程组成,光电离作为源项加在电子和正离子连续性方程上。目前光电离一般用精度较低的空间均匀背景预电离代替或者用计算效率低的Zheleznyak积分模型进行求解。针对上述两种方法的不足,有学者用多组Helmholtz方程代替积分方程计算光电离,但并没有揭示此方法的物理意义和得到有效的边界条件。结合Penney和Hummert用离子室测量光电离的实验,若把吸收函数表示成指数和形式,即可得到Helmholtz模型的控制方程;根据辐射物理特性,给出了Helmholtz方程Sommerfeld远场辐射边界条件。将该方法应用于高斯辐射源和大气压下双向流注传播过程计算,并与采用其它边界条件的Helmholtz方法和Zheleznyak积分方法进行对比实验。仿真结果表明:采用Sommerfeld远场辐射边界的Helmholtz模型和采用Zheleznyak积分方法计算结果接近,但计算效率更高。

定常对流扩散反应方程非均匀网格上高精度紧致差分格式

本文构造了非均匀网格上求解定常对流扩散反应方程的高精度紧致差分格式。我们首先基于非均匀网格上函数的泰勒级数展开,给出了一阶导数和二阶导数的高阶近似表达式;然后将模型方程变形,借助于对流扩散方程高精度紧致格式构造的方法,结合原模型方程,得到定常对流扩散反应方程的高精度紧致差分格式;最后给出的数值算例验证了本文格式高精度和高分辨率的优点。

格子Boltzmann方法解扩散方程的复杂边界条件研究

对格子Boltzmann方法求解含第三类边界条件的扩散方程进行了理论和数值研究,构造了一种新的基于bounce-back的边界处理数值格式,用来处理复杂边界问题.借助渐近分析,证明了新方法的数值相容性.用数值算例从不同角度分析了算法的精度和稳定性等,与已有算法相比,新方法在精度、稳定性和效率方面均有较大提高.最后通过一个复杂边界反应扩散的示例演示了新方法应用于复杂多孔介质内多物理化学输运模拟的可行性和有效性.

用脉冲谱—优化法求解对流—扩散方程边界条件控制反问题

本文综合利用脉冲谱法和优化法求解一类流体力学反问题对流—扩散方程的边界条件控制反问题.作为典型算例,可根据下游河道的环境容量反求上游边界的限制浓度,以作为制定排放标准的依据.首先把对流-扩散方程作Laplace变换,并根据下游部分区域的环境容量建立优化目标泛函,然后应用脉冲谱原理推导出目标泛函对未知边界条件的变分的解析式,利用标准的变尺度优化方法确定上游边界的限制浓度.数值计算结果表明,本文提出的计算方法精度高、速度快、避免了冗繁的"试错"过程,不但在环境水力学领域具有较大的实用价值,而且可应用于泥沙悬移质控制问题.

河流混合污染物浓度二维移流扩散方程的解析计算及其简化计算的条件Ⅱ:顺直河流考虑边界反射

在保守物质恒定连续点源条件下,从包含河流纵向扩散项的二维移流扩散方程解析解出发,考虑两岸边界反射作用,给出了河流污染物浓度的二维解析计算方法及污染物的无量纲浓度分布方程。定义了能综合反映纵向移流作用与纵向、横向扩散作用比值的修正贝克来数Pw。在Pw相等以及在相对浓度达到10-6的精度条件下,通过数值计算给出了边界反射次数与修正贝克来数的回归关系式。当Pw≥7.5,忽略纵向扩散项的条件下,岸边排放与中心排放浓度分布的一半具有自动相似性。给出了河流污染物相对浓度分布、排放岸和对岸特征浓度点的无量纲纵坐标以及全断面均匀混合的无量纲距离与修正贝克来数Pw之间的关系曲线。研究结果论证了以修正贝克来数作为移流扩散方程简化的判据,并据此给出考虑边界反射时移流扩散方程的简化条件,其是可行的。

二维对流扩散方程非均匀网格上的高阶紧致差分方法

利用降维法导出了非均匀网格上二维对流扩散方程的高精度紧致差分格式.对于离散得到的代数方程组采用BiCGStab(2)迭代法求解。数值算例表明,在相同网格节点数的情况下,本文基于非均匀网格格式较均匀网格格式具有高精度,高分辨率的优点,对于含边界层的对流扩散问题具有很好的适应性。

求解变系数对流扩散反应方程的指数型高精度紧致差分方法

本文给出了一种数值求解变系数对流扩散反应方程的指数型高精度紧致差分方法.我们首先将模型方程变形,借助常系数对流扩散方程的指数型高精度紧致差分格式,采用残量修正法得到变系数对流扩散反应方程的指数型高精度紧致差分格式;并从理论上分析了当Pelect数很大时,本文格式达到四阶计算精度时网格步长的限制条件;离散得到的代数方程组可采用追赶法直接求解.数值实验结果与理论分析完全吻合,表明了本文格式对于边界层问题或大梯度变化的物理量求解问题具有的高精度和鲁棒性的优点.

基于自然边界条件求解辐射传输方程的方法

基于零内向流边界条件的辐射传输方程是目前被广泛采用的描述有限组织体中光子传播过程的模型.由于生物组织体及其周围介质之间折射率的差异,零内向流边界条件无法准确模拟光子到达边界时的传播过程,从而导致了实际应用中对光学参数的重建存在明显误差.为解决这一问题,建立了考虑边界内反射效应的自然边界条件下的辐射传输方程模型,发展了一种结合立体角元离散法和有限差分法的自然边界条件稳态辐射传输方程求解算法,并通过与蒙特卡洛模拟结果的对比验证了该算法的正确性.

二维对流-扩散方程反问题的求解

本文针对环境工程中的污染排放控制问题,提出并求解了二维对流-扩散方程的边界条件控制反问题和源项控制反问题,上游单个线源的简单排放,可提为边界条件控制反问题,并应用Green函数直接法实现反演.其计算过程简单,计算速度快,精度高.多个污染源的复杂排放,可提为源项控制反问题,并采用脉冲谱优化法实现反演控制.计算结果表明,该法收敛速度较快,计算效率较高.此外,本文所提出的计算方法还可应用于热输运和泥沙悬移质的控制等方面的问题.

一维非定常对流扩散方程非均匀网格上的高阶紧致差分格式

针对一维非定常对流扩散方程，在非均匀网格上提出了一种两层高精度紧致差分格式，其时间具有2阶精度，空间具有3～4阶精度；然后采用Fourier分析方法给出格式的稳定性条件。最后通过数值算例验证了本文格式对于求解一维含边界层非定常对流扩散问题具有明显的优势。

一种求解反应对流扩散方程的稳定化谱元方法

针对谱元方法求解二维非稳态反应对流扩散方程中出现的稳定性问题,提出了一种稳定的高精度数值方法。该方法在空间上将Chebyshev谱元方法和一致逼近迎风方法相结合,时间上采用分步θ-格式。通过解析解算例验证了该方法的精度及数值稳定性,并对含有不同类型边界层的反应对流扩散问题进行了求解。研究表明:一致逼近迎风项的增加扩大了谱元方法求解反应对流扩散方程的稳定域,在对流项及反应项占优时保持了数值解的高精度;对于含有边界层的复杂反应对流扩散问题,数值解在整个计算区域内获得了一致收敛的结果。研究工作对谱元方法在反应对流扩散问题高精度数值求解中的应用提供参考。