A new scheme that separates convective-stratiform rainfall is developed using threshold values of liquid water path(LWP) and ice water path(IWP).These cloud contents can be predicted with radiances at the Advanced Mic...A new scheme that separates convective-stratiform rainfall is developed using threshold values of liquid water path(LWP) and ice water path(IWP).These cloud contents can be predicted with radiances at the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit(AMSU) channels(23.8,31.4,89,and 150 GHz) through linear regression models.The scheme is demonstrated by an analysis of a two-dimensional cloud resolving model simulation that is imposed by a forcing derived from the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment(TOGA COARE).The rainfall is considered convective if associated LWP is larger than 1.91 mm or IWP is larger than1.70 mm.Otherwise,the rainfall is stratiform.The analysis of surface rainfall budget demonstrates that this new scheme is physically meaningful.展开更多
A special visible experiment facility has been designed and built, and an observable experiment is per- formed by pouring one or several high-temperature particles into a water pool in the facility. The experiment res...A special visible experiment facility has been designed and built, and an observable experiment is per- formed by pouring one or several high-temperature particles into a water pool in the facility. The experiment result has verified Yang’s evaporation drag model, which holds that the non-symmetric profile of the local evaporation rate and the local density of vapor would bring about a resultant force on the hot particle so as to resist its motion. How- ever, in Yang’s evaporation drag model, radiation heat transfer is taken as the only way to transfer heat from hot par- ticle to the vapor-liquid interface, and all of the radiation energy is deposited on the vapor-liquid interface and con- tributed to the vaporization rate and mass balance of the vapor film. In improved model heat conduction and heat convection are taken into account. This paper presents calculations of the improved model, putting emphasis on the effect of hot particle’s temperature on the radiation absorption behavior of water.展开更多
In this paper,the effect of precipitation particles on microwave radiation transfer characteristics in stratified clouds over the ocean is studied by combining stratified cloud model with microwave radiation transfer ...In this paper,the effect of precipitation particles on microwave radiation transfer characteristics in stratified clouds over the ocean is studied by combining stratified cloud model with microwave radiation transfer model.By comparing the calculated results with the true data,it is found that precipitation particle distribution and water shell around ice phase particle strongly affect the upwelling radiation.Therefore,the precipitation particle distribution and water shell around ice phase particle must be considered when a calculating scheme is designed for retrieving precipitation in stratified clouds by the use of microwave radiation transfer model.展开更多
基金National Key Basic Research and Development Project of China(2013CB430103,2015CB453201)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41475039,41375058,41530427)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘A new scheme that separates convective-stratiform rainfall is developed using threshold values of liquid water path(LWP) and ice water path(IWP).These cloud contents can be predicted with radiances at the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit(AMSU) channels(23.8,31.4,89,and 150 GHz) through linear regression models.The scheme is demonstrated by an analysis of a two-dimensional cloud resolving model simulation that is imposed by a forcing derived from the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment(TOGA COARE).The rainfall is considered convective if associated LWP is larger than 1.91 mm or IWP is larger than1.70 mm.Otherwise,the rainfall is stratiform.The analysis of surface rainfall budget demonstrates that this new scheme is physically meaningful.
基金Partially financed by National Natural Science Fund of China (No. 50046026 & No. 50376036) and 985 Engineering Fund of Shanghai Jiaotong University.
文摘A special visible experiment facility has been designed and built, and an observable experiment is per- formed by pouring one or several high-temperature particles into a water pool in the facility. The experiment result has verified Yang’s evaporation drag model, which holds that the non-symmetric profile of the local evaporation rate and the local density of vapor would bring about a resultant force on the hot particle so as to resist its motion. How- ever, in Yang’s evaporation drag model, radiation heat transfer is taken as the only way to transfer heat from hot par- ticle to the vapor-liquid interface, and all of the radiation energy is deposited on the vapor-liquid interface and con- tributed to the vaporization rate and mass balance of the vapor film. In improved model heat conduction and heat convection are taken into account. This paper presents calculations of the improved model, putting emphasis on the effect of hot particle’s temperature on the radiation absorption behavior of water.
文摘In this paper,the effect of precipitation particles on microwave radiation transfer characteristics in stratified clouds over the ocean is studied by combining stratified cloud model with microwave radiation transfer model.By comparing the calculated results with the true data,it is found that precipitation particle distribution and water shell around ice phase particle strongly affect the upwelling radiation.Therefore,the precipitation particle distribution and water shell around ice phase particle must be considered when a calculating scheme is designed for retrieving precipitation in stratified clouds by the use of microwave radiation transfer model.
