BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with a 5-year survival rate of only 20%. The age of onset of gastric cancer is in line with the general rule of cancer. Most of them occur after m...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with a 5-year survival rate of only 20%. The age of onset of gastric cancer is in line with the general rule of cancer. Most of them occur after middle age, mostly between 40and 60 years old, with an average age of about 50 years old, and only 5% of patients are under 30 years old. The incidence of male is higher than that of female.AIM To investigate the short-term efficacy and influencing factors of chemotherapy combined with irinotecan in patients with advanced gastric cancer.METHODS Eighty patients with advanced gastric cancer who were treated in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2022 were selected. The patients were divided into an observation group(n = 40) and control group(n = 40) by the envelope method.The control group was given preoperative routine chemotherapy. The observation group was treated with irinotecan in addition to the chemotherapy given to the control group. The short-term efficacy of treatment in the two groups, as well as tumor marker levels and quality of life before and after treatment were evaluated.RESULTS The short-term treatment effect in the observation group was better than that in the control group(P < 0.05), and the total effective rate was 57.50%. The age and proportion of tumor node metastasis(TNM) stage IV patients with ineffective chemotherapy in the observation group were(65.12 ± 5.71) years and 52.94%,respectively, which were notably higher than those of patients with effective chemotherapy(P < 0.05), while the Karnofsky Performance Scale score was(67.70± 3.83) points, which was apparently lower than that of patients with effective chemotherapy(P <0.05). After 3 mo of treatment, the SF-36 scale scores of physiological function, energy, emotional function, and mental health in the observation group were 65.12 ± 8.14, 54.76 ± 6.70, 47.58 ± 7.22,and 66.16 ± 8.11 points, respectively, which were considerably higher than those in the control group(P < 0.05). The incidence rates of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ diarrhea and grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ thrombocytopenia in the observation group were 32.50% and 25.00%, respectively, which were markedly higher than those in the control group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION Chemotherapy combined with irinotecan in patients with advanced gastric cancer has a good short-term efficacy and can significantly reduce serum tumor markers and improve the quality of life of patients. The efficacy may be affected by the age and TNM stage of the patients, and its long-term efficacy needs further study.展开更多
Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinomas are the most radiation-sensitive tumours, and radiotherapy alone provides better local control. Objectives: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and acute and late toxicities of tw...Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinomas are the most radiation-sensitive tumours, and radiotherapy alone provides better local control. Objectives: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and acute and late toxicities of two different treatment regimens for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: From 2014 to 2017, 150 cases of stage III and 68 cases of stage IVA nasopharyngeal carcinoma were treated. Of these, 137 received conventional radiotherapy plus chemotherapy, and 81 received intensity-modulated radiotherapy plus chemotherapy. Chemotherapy was given either as induction, concurrent or adjuvant therapy. Survival rates were calculated according to Kaplan Meier and compared with the Log-rank test. The RTOG or EORTC criteria were used to assess acute and late toxicities. Results: The median follow-up time was 21.5 months, and the 2-year locoregional relapse-free survival, distant metastases-free survival, and overall survival rates in the conventional radiotherapy plus chemotherapy group were 76%, 71% and 77%, respectively;in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy plus chemotherapy group, they were 97%, 84%, and 100%, respectively. The difference in survival between the two groups was significant (χ<sup>2</sup> = 5.06, P = 0.028). The incidence of grade 2 and 3 xerostomia one year after radiotherapy was 45.1% and 30.9% versus 33.3% and 0%. Conclusion: Compared with conventional radiotherapy plus chemotherapy, intensity-modulated radiotherapy plus chemotherapy offers better locoregional relapse-free survival and overall survival in patients with stage III and IVA nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and may significantly reduce the occurrence of radiation-induced xerostomia.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the clinical effect of pegaspargase combined with chemotherapy on patients with lymphoma.Methods:Seventy patients with lymphoma admitted to Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital between December 2...Objective:To analyze the clinical effect of pegaspargase combined with chemotherapy on patients with lymphoma.Methods:Seventy patients with lymphoma admitted to Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital between December 2020 and June 2021 were selected as study subjects and were equally divided into the control group and the intervention group using the lottery method,with 35 cases in each group;the control group received conventional treatment,while the intervention group received pegaspargase combined with chemotherapy.The treatment satisfaction,quality of life,psychological status,and incidence of adverse reactions of the patients in the two groups were compared.Results:The differences in the indicators between the two groups were statistically significant(p<0.05).Conclusion:Pegaspargase combined with chemotherapy can effectively improve the treatment effect and satisfaction of lymphoma patients;hence,it is worthy of promotion in clinical treatment.展开更多
The increased level of chromosome instability in cancer cells,leading to aneuploidy and gross chromosomal rearrangements,is not only a driving force for oncogenesis but also can be the Achille’s heel of the disease s...The increased level of chromosome instability in cancer cells,leading to aneuploidy and gross chromosomal rearrangements,is not only a driving force for oncogenesis but also can be the Achille’s heel of the disease since many chemotherapies(CT)kill cells by inducing a non-tolerable rate of DNA damage.A wealth of published evidence showed that telomere stability can be more affected than the bulk of the genome by several conventional antineoplasic drugs.These results raise the interesting possibility that CT with genotoxic drugs preferentially target telomeres.In agreement with this view,accelerated shortening of telomere length has been described in blood lineage cells following high-dose CT(stem cell transplantation)or non-myeloablative CT.However,almost nothing is known on the consequences of this shortening in terms of telomere stability,senescence and on the development of second cancers or post-treatment aging-like syndromes in cancer survivors(cognitive defect,fertility impairment,etc.).In this article,we propose:(1)telomeres of cancer cells are preferential genomic targets of chemotherapies altering chromosome maintenance;(2)telomere functional parameters can be a surrogate marker of chemotherapy sensitivity and toxicity;(3)the use of anti-telomere molecule could greatly enhance the sensitivity to standards chemotherapies.展开更多
目的系统评价晚期卵巢癌新辅助化疗的临床疗效。方法计算机检索PubMed、CENTRAL、EMbase、The ISIWeb of Knowledge databases、VIP、CNKI、CBM和WANFANG数据库,查找所有比较新辅助化疗（NACT）与传统化疗（ACT）治疗晚期卵巢癌疗效的R...目的系统评价晚期卵巢癌新辅助化疗的临床疗效。方法计算机检索PubMed、CENTRAL、EMbase、The ISIWeb of Knowledge databases、VIP、CNKI、CBM和WANFANG数据库,查找所有比较新辅助化疗（NACT）与传统化疗（ACT）治疗晚期卵巢癌疗效的RCT,检索时限为2005年1月~2011年12月,按纳入排除标准由两人依据CochraneHandbook 5.0.1的质量评价标准独立进行RCT筛选、资料提取和质量评价后,按Cochrane协作网推荐的方法使用RevMan5.0软件对相关病例对照研究进行Meta分析。结果共纳入6项随机对照研究,共472例患者。Meta分析结果显示：NACT相比于ACT在术后3年生存率、并发症发生率方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,与ACT相比,NACT有更高的手术最佳减免率和术后一年生存率（P〈0.05）。结论新辅助化疗适用于某些晚期卵巢癌,可提高外科治疗效果,并有延长患者生存时间的趋势。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with a 5-year survival rate of only 20%. The age of onset of gastric cancer is in line with the general rule of cancer. Most of them occur after middle age, mostly between 40and 60 years old, with an average age of about 50 years old, and only 5% of patients are under 30 years old. The incidence of male is higher than that of female.AIM To investigate the short-term efficacy and influencing factors of chemotherapy combined with irinotecan in patients with advanced gastric cancer.METHODS Eighty patients with advanced gastric cancer who were treated in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2022 were selected. The patients were divided into an observation group(n = 40) and control group(n = 40) by the envelope method.The control group was given preoperative routine chemotherapy. The observation group was treated with irinotecan in addition to the chemotherapy given to the control group. The short-term efficacy of treatment in the two groups, as well as tumor marker levels and quality of life before and after treatment were evaluated.RESULTS The short-term treatment effect in the observation group was better than that in the control group(P < 0.05), and the total effective rate was 57.50%. The age and proportion of tumor node metastasis(TNM) stage IV patients with ineffective chemotherapy in the observation group were(65.12 ± 5.71) years and 52.94%,respectively, which were notably higher than those of patients with effective chemotherapy(P < 0.05), while the Karnofsky Performance Scale score was(67.70± 3.83) points, which was apparently lower than that of patients with effective chemotherapy(P <0.05). After 3 mo of treatment, the SF-36 scale scores of physiological function, energy, emotional function, and mental health in the observation group were 65.12 ± 8.14, 54.76 ± 6.70, 47.58 ± 7.22,and 66.16 ± 8.11 points, respectively, which were considerably higher than those in the control group(P < 0.05). The incidence rates of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ diarrhea and grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ thrombocytopenia in the observation group were 32.50% and 25.00%, respectively, which were markedly higher than those in the control group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION Chemotherapy combined with irinotecan in patients with advanced gastric cancer has a good short-term efficacy and can significantly reduce serum tumor markers and improve the quality of life of patients. The efficacy may be affected by the age and TNM stage of the patients, and its long-term efficacy needs further study.
文摘Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinomas are the most radiation-sensitive tumours, and radiotherapy alone provides better local control. Objectives: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and acute and late toxicities of two different treatment regimens for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: From 2014 to 2017, 150 cases of stage III and 68 cases of stage IVA nasopharyngeal carcinoma were treated. Of these, 137 received conventional radiotherapy plus chemotherapy, and 81 received intensity-modulated radiotherapy plus chemotherapy. Chemotherapy was given either as induction, concurrent or adjuvant therapy. Survival rates were calculated according to Kaplan Meier and compared with the Log-rank test. The RTOG or EORTC criteria were used to assess acute and late toxicities. Results: The median follow-up time was 21.5 months, and the 2-year locoregional relapse-free survival, distant metastases-free survival, and overall survival rates in the conventional radiotherapy plus chemotherapy group were 76%, 71% and 77%, respectively;in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy plus chemotherapy group, they were 97%, 84%, and 100%, respectively. The difference in survival between the two groups was significant (χ<sup>2</sup> = 5.06, P = 0.028). The incidence of grade 2 and 3 xerostomia one year after radiotherapy was 45.1% and 30.9% versus 33.3% and 0%. Conclusion: Compared with conventional radiotherapy plus chemotherapy, intensity-modulated radiotherapy plus chemotherapy offers better locoregional relapse-free survival and overall survival in patients with stage III and IVA nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and may significantly reduce the occurrence of radiation-induced xerostomia.
文摘Objective:To analyze the clinical effect of pegaspargase combined with chemotherapy on patients with lymphoma.Methods:Seventy patients with lymphoma admitted to Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital between December 2020 and June 2021 were selected as study subjects and were equally divided into the control group and the intervention group using the lottery method,with 35 cases in each group;the control group received conventional treatment,while the intervention group received pegaspargase combined with chemotherapy.The treatment satisfaction,quality of life,psychological status,and incidence of adverse reactions of the patients in the two groups were compared.Results:The differences in the indicators between the two groups were statistically significant(p<0.05).Conclusion:Pegaspargase combined with chemotherapy can effectively improve the treatment effect and satisfaction of lymphoma patients;hence,it is worthy of promotion in clinical treatment.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81270433,81171846,81000875)Foundation for Young Scientist in Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau in China(Grant No.2010.24)Foundation for City Star of Science and Technology in Shanghai(Grant No.11QA1404400).
文摘The increased level of chromosome instability in cancer cells,leading to aneuploidy and gross chromosomal rearrangements,is not only a driving force for oncogenesis but also can be the Achille’s heel of the disease since many chemotherapies(CT)kill cells by inducing a non-tolerable rate of DNA damage.A wealth of published evidence showed that telomere stability can be more affected than the bulk of the genome by several conventional antineoplasic drugs.These results raise the interesting possibility that CT with genotoxic drugs preferentially target telomeres.In agreement with this view,accelerated shortening of telomere length has been described in blood lineage cells following high-dose CT(stem cell transplantation)or non-myeloablative CT.However,almost nothing is known on the consequences of this shortening in terms of telomere stability,senescence and on the development of second cancers or post-treatment aging-like syndromes in cancer survivors(cognitive defect,fertility impairment,etc.).In this article,we propose:(1)telomeres of cancer cells are preferential genomic targets of chemotherapies altering chromosome maintenance;(2)telomere functional parameters can be a surrogate marker of chemotherapy sensitivity and toxicity;(3)the use of anti-telomere molecule could greatly enhance the sensitivity to standards chemotherapies.
