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Assessment of System of Rice Intensification(SRI) and Conventional Practices under Organic and Inorganic Management in Japan
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作者 Tejendra CHAPAGAIN Andrew RISEMAN Eiji YAMAJI 《Rice science》 SCIE 2011年第4期311-320,共10页
The system of rice intensification(SRI) is a production system that involves the adoption of certain changes in management practices for rice cultivation that create a better growing environment for the crop.This syst... The system of rice intensification(SRI) is a production system that involves the adoption of certain changes in management practices for rice cultivation that create a better growing environment for the crop.This system was compared with conventional practices and assessed under organic and inorganic management.SRI practices showed significant response in root number,number of effective tillers per hill,days to flowering and harvest index.In addition,SRI was found effective in minimizing pest and disease incidence,shortening the crop cycle,and improving plant stand.Grain yield was not different from conventional method.Except for harvest index and plant lodging percentage,there were no significant effects from management treatments.Synergistic responses were noted when SRI practices were combined with organic management for plant height,number of effective tillers per hill,days to flowering and to maturity.The improved panicle characteristics,lower plant lodging percentage and higher harvest index that ultimately led to comparable grain yields.Net returns increased approximately 1.5 times for SRI-organic management regardless of the added labor requirements for weed control.However,comparatively higher grain yield from conventional-inorganic methods underscore the need for further investigations in defining what constitutes an optimum set of practices for an SRI-organic system specifically addressing grain yield and weed management. 展开更多
关键词 system of rice intensification conventional practices organic and inorganic management rice growth
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Effects of Tillage and Crop Residue Management on Maize Yields and Net Returns in the Central Mexican Highlands Under Drought Conditions 被引量:2
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作者 R.ROMERO-PEREZGROVAS N.VERHULST +4 位作者 D.DE LA ROSA V.HERNáNDEZ M.MAERTENS J.DECKERS B.GOVAERTS 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第4期476-486,共11页
In the subtropical highlands of Central Mexico, where the main crop is maize (Zea mays), the conventional practice (CP) involves tillage, monoculture and residue removal, leading to soil degradation and unsustaina... In the subtropical highlands of Central Mexico, where the main crop is maize (Zea mays), the conventional practice (CP) involves tillage, monoculture and residue removal, leading to soil degradation and unsustainable use of natural resources and agricultural inputs. Conservation agriculture (CA) has been proposed as a viable alternative in the region, based on reduction in tillage, retention of adequate levels of crop residues and soil surface cover and use of crop rotation. This study began in 2009 when the highlands of Central Mexico suffered from a prolonged drought during vegetative maize growth in July-August, providing an opportunity for the on-farm comparison of CA with CP under severe drought conditions which 21 climate change models projected to become more frequent. Under dry conditions, CA resulted in higher yields and net returns per hectare as early as the first and second years after adoption by farmers. As an average of 27 plots under farmers' management in 2009, the maize yields were 26% higher under CA (6.3 t ha-1) than under CP (5.0 t ha-l). 2010 was close to a normal year in terms of rainfall so yields were higher than in 2009 for both practices; in addition, the yield difference between the practices was reduced to 19% (6.8 t ha-1 for CA vs. 5.7 t ha-1 for CP). When all the 2009 and 2010 observations were analyzed in a modified stability analysis, CA had an overall positive effect of 3 838 Mexican Pesos ha-1 (320 $US ha-1) on net return and 1.3 t ha-1 on yield. After only one to two years of adoption by farmers on their fields, CA had higher yields and net returns under dry conditions that were even drier than those predicted by the analyzed 21 climate change models under a climate change scenario, emission scenario A2. 展开更多
关键词 climate change conservation agriculture conventional practice emission scenario modified stability analysis
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