Conversion Carbon Capture and Storage Factors in Temperate Human Controlled Wetland

This paper provides guidance for the quantification and reporting of blue carbon removals in the temperate coastal ecosystems,“Italian valli da pesca”or H.C.W.(Human Controlled Wetland,Lat.45°Lon.12°),where some pools as seagrasses,and salt marshes,are highly efficient at capturing and storing carbon dioxide(CO_(2))from the atmosphere.Halophyte salt marsh plants were found to have a%C on Dry Weight(D.W.)of 32.26±3.91(mean±standard deviation),macrophytes 33.65±7.99,seagrasses 29.23±2.23,tamarisk 48.42±2.80,while the first 5 centimetres of wetland mud,on average,had a%C of 8.56±0.94.Like the ISO(International Organization for Standardization)14064 guideline to quantify the GHG(Greenhouse Gas)emission,we have studied the different conversion factors to be used as a practical tool for measurement the CO_(2)sink activity.These factors are essential to calculate the overall carbon reduction in a project located in temperate wetland using a method as the ISO 14064.2,UNI-BNeutral,VCS VERRA or other that will come.

Transcription factor-based gene therapy to treat glioblastoma through direct neuronal conversion

Objective:Glioblastoma(GBM)is the most prevalent and aggressive adult primary cancer in the central nervous system.Therapeutic approaches for GBM treatment are under intense investigation,including the use of emerging immunotherapies.Here,we propose an alternative approach to treat GBM through reprogramming proliferative GBM cells into non-proliferative neurons.Methods:Retroviruses were used to target highly proliferative human GBM cells through overexpression of neural transcription factors.Immunostaining,electrophysiological recording,and bulk RNA-seq were performed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the neuronal conversion of human GBM cells.An in vivo intracranial xenograft mouse model was used to examine the neuronal conversion of human GBM cells.Results:We report efficient neuronal conversion from human GBM cells by overexpressing single neural transcription factor Neurogenic differentiation 1(Neuro D1),Neurogenin-2(Neurog2),or Achaete-scute homolog 1(Ascl1).Subtype characterization showed that the majority of Neurog2-and Neuro D1-converted neurons were glutamatergic,while Ascl1 favored GABAergic neuron generation.The GBM cell-converted neurons not only showed pan-neuronal markers but also exhibited neuron-specific electrophysiological activities.Transcriptome analyses revealed that neuronal genes were activated in glioma cells after overexpression of neural transcription factors,and different signaling pathways were activated by different neural transcription factors.Importantly,the neuronal conversion of GBM cells was accompanied by significant inhibition of GBM cell proliferation in both in vitro and in vivo models.Conclusions:These results suggest that GBM cells can be reprogrammed into different subtypes of neurons,leading to a potential alternative approach to treat brain tumors using in vivo cell conversion technology.

Conversion factor analysis of self-balanced loading test of cast-in-situ piles based on analogue test method

Based on the characteristics of pile-soil interaction and the Mohr-Coulomb strength theory,a new method of determining the side friction at a pile-soil interaction is proposed.Combined with the actual engineering cases,the effectiveness of the analogue test method is verified by comparing it with the traditional anchor pile method and self-balanced method.Taking the self-balanced test of the bridge pile foundation in the Songhua River as an example,the conversion factor of sandy soil and weathered mudstone are confirmed by the analogue test method.The results show that the conversion factor of sandy soil and weathered mudstone in the Songhua River area should consider the geological conditions and the construction technology,etc.The standard values are relatively conservative.It is suggested that the engineering application should be properly revised.The recommended range of the conversion factor of sandy soil in this area is 0.65 to 0.85,and that of weathered mudstone is 1.0.

The conversion factor of K_(eff) to K_(3.7) in thermoluminescence dating

In the fine-grain TL dating the full o dose must be converted into the equivalent P dose. The conversion is finished by Keff-value, which is an effective or effectiveness. But the Keff can not be measured directly for each sample and only the external radiative efficiency K3.7 can be measured. In order to obtain the Keff a special study for the conversion factor of Keff to K3.t has been made using the ultrathin TLD. The results show that the conversion factor of tile TLD for archaeological samples is 0.847, which is in agreement with calculated value 0.85.

Variability in the empirical leucine-to-carbon conversion factors along an environmental gradient

Bacterial production is one of the key parameters to evaluate bacterial role in ocean carbon fluxes.Estimation of bacterial production requires the leucine-to-carbon conversion factors that change widely across environments.However,empirical leucine-to-carbon conversion factors（e CFs） are seldom determined in situ because of time consuming and little is known on regulating factors for the e CFs.During May 2015 to January 2016,fourteen dilution experiments were conducted,from the Zhujiang（Pearl River） Estuary to the coast of the northern South China Sea,to determine spatiotemporal variability in the e CFs and its potential controlling factors along an environmental gradient.The e CFs showed clear spatial variations with the highest（1.27–1.69（kg C）/（mol Leu）） in low salinity waters（salinity〈15）,intermediate（1.03–1.25（kg C）/（mol Leu）） in moderate salinity（salinity of 15–25）,and the lowest（0.48–0.85（kg C）/（mol Leu）） in high salinity waters（salinity〉25）.Substrate availability was responsible for spatial variability in the e CFs.In the pristine coastal waters,low e CFs was related to substrate limitation and leucine incorporated was respired to maximize the survival rather than bacterial production.Hence,the e CFs measurement was needed for estimating bacterial production accurately in various marine environments.

Form and Interconversion Factor of Selenium in Soil

In recent years,production and processing of natural selenium-rich agricultural products has become a research hotspot. The main factor affecting the selenium content in plant is the content of effective selenium in soil. So it is important to understand the form and conversion relationship of selenium in soil and find ways to improve selenium effectiveness. By summarizing the researches on selenium at home and abroad,we analyze the classification of soil selenium form,the transformation among different selenium forms and the improving factors of selenium effectiveness. We understand the relationship between chemical form and extraction form of selenium,analyze the driving factors of conversion among different forms,and discuss the ways to improve selenium effectiveness of soil in high selenium-rich area. By combining characteristics of soil and crop in different selenium-rich regions,different selenium activation methods are used,which could provide more scientific evidence for further selenium research.

Gross Chemical Profile and Calculation of Nitrogen-to-Protein Conversion Factors for Five Tropical Seaweeds

Despite decades of research on marine algae, there are still significant gaps in basic knowledge about chemical composition of these organisms, especially in tropical environments. In this study, the amino acid composition and contents of total nitrogen, phosphorus, lipid, carbohydrate and protein were determined in Asparagopsis taxiformis, Centroceras clavulatum, Chaetomorpha aerea, Sargassum filipendula and Spyridia hypnoides. The seaweeds showed low lipid contents (lower than 5.5% d.w. in all species) and were rich in carbohydrates (more than 16% d.w. in all seaweeds). The percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus and protein varied widely among species, which red algae showed the highest con-centrations. The amino acid composition was similar among the seaweeds, which glutamic acid, aspartic acid and leu-cine as the most abundant. All species are poor in histidine. An average of 24.2% of the total nitrogen is non-proteinaceous. From data of total amino acid and total nitrogen, specific nitrogen-to-protein conversion factors were calculated for each species. The nitrogen-to-protein conversion factors calculated ranged from 4.51 to 5.21, with an overall average of 4.86. These findings show that the traditional conversion factor of 6.25 should be avoided for seaweeds, since it overestimates the actual protein content.

Optimum Efficiency of Photogalvanic Cell for Solar Energy Conversion: Lissamine Green B-Ascorbic Acid-NaLS System

Photogalvanic cells are photoelectrochemical cells chargeable in light for solar energy conversion and storage. They may be energy source for the future, if their electrical performance is increased. In this study, a photosensitizer Lissamine green B, a reductant Ascorbic acid and a surfactant NaLS have been used in the photogalvanic cell. The generated photopotential and photocurrent are 850.0 mV and 375.0 μA respectively. The conversion efficiency of the cell, fill factor and the cell performance were observed 1.0257%, 0.2598% and 170.0 minutes in dark respectively. The effects of different parameters on the electrical output of the photogalvanic cell were observed. A mechanism was proposed for the photogeneration of electrical energy.

Analysis on the Influencing Factors and Control Measures of "Non-Grain Conversion" of Cultivated Land in Agricultural Land Transfer

Through the method of literature analysis,this paper analyzes the present situation of the"non-grain conversion"of cultivated land in the transfer of agricultural land in China,summarizes the influencing factors and consequences of the phenomenon of"non-grain conversion"of cultivated land in the transfer of agricultural land,and finally puts forward some measures.The study found that costs and benefits are the fundamental factors affecting the"non-grain conversion"of cultivated land in agricultural land transfer,and other main factors include government and policy guidance,industrial and commercial capital to the countryside,labor transfer and so on.The"non-grain conversion"of cultivated land in the transfer of agricultural land is a serious threat to China s food security,leading to the decline of the quality of agricultural land and the destruction of the ecological environment,as well as the risk of breach of contract in"industrial and commercial capital to the countryside".Based on the understanding of the influencing factors of non-grain conversion,this paper puts forward the following measures:strengthening the control of the use of cultivated land in agricultural land transfer;implementing accurate subsidies for grain cultivation and ensuring the benefit of grain growers;adopting grain planting incentive mechanism to increase grain enthusiasm;strengthening media publicity and education to enhance food security awareness.The improvement of the current situation of the"non-grain conversion"of cultivated land in the transfer of agricultural land will be of great significance to the protection of agricultural land and food security in China.

建筑空间最优节能设计模型仿真研究

由于建筑结构主体较多,空间能耗难以合并控制,导致目前建筑空间能源耗用量较大。为此,构建基于等效转换法的建筑空间最优节能模型,并对其仿真研究。提出建筑总体能耗作为初始优化的“尺度”概念,该尺度为建筑空间的外墙、内墙、屋顶、分户楼板以及门窗等参数,求解这些尺度的最佳标准值。采用等效转换法计算在节能条件下所能接受的最大能耗范围。在此基础上,以上述范围值为约束条件,建立控制函数。将上述提到标准尺度值和最大能耗范围设置为最优解,建立最优节能设计模型,设定温差调节因子,对每一次室内外温差实施有效调节控制,保证建筑体参数符合最佳能耗范围。仿真结果证明,所提方法对冬季采暖和夏季制冷的能耗控制效果均较佳,节能效果最优且算法收敛性高,鲁棒性较好。

窄条带状背斜油藏边部注水开发产能影响因素

JY油田Y油藏为典型窄条带状背斜油藏,其储集层注入水极易沿河道中心方向突进,导致油井快速水淹,产量递减快;由于对水体大小、构造幅度、储集层物性等产能影响因素认识不清,此类油藏开发难度较大。针对上述问题,建立了窄条带状背斜油藏精细数值模型,通过对比论证提出了“边部注水+逐步转注”开发,并在此基础上开展了水体大小、构造幅度、储集层物性等参数对产能的影响研究。结果表明:“边部注水+逐步转注”开发不仅可以增大边水能量,使得井网双向受效,还可以有效延缓构造高部位油井的见水时间,大幅度降低油井含水率。另一方面,在考虑油藏构造特征的前提下,量化了不同影响因素下的产能特征,明确了水体大小、构造幅度、垂向渗透率与水平渗透率之比等参数的合理界限,论证了不同储集层物性下油藏面积的适应性。可为同类型油藏改善注水开发效果提供借鉴。

靶向药物甲磺酸伊马替尼的分子标志物BCR-ABL融合基因定量检测平台的质量评价方法的研究

目的:使用BCR-ABL定量标准品,评价BCR-ABL融合基因检测试剂盒(数字PCR法)的性能。方法:提取BCR-ABL定量标准品的RNA,测定其浓度和纯度。使用BCR-ABL融合基因定量检测试剂盒(数字PCR法)和数字PCR仪进行检测,得到标准品的BCR-ABL融合基因的分子学反应。结果:用于准确度项目检测的标准品WS2和WS3的BCR-ABL融合基因的MR绝对偏差均不超过±0.5 log,用于检出限项目检测的标准品WS4能检出BCR-ABL融合基因突变阳性,用于重复性项目检测的标准品WS1和WS4的BCR-ABL融合基因的MR的变异系数(CV)均<3.0%。结论:BCR-ABL融合基因定量检测试剂盒(数字PCR法)的准确度、检出限和重复性的性能指标符合制定的《断裂点簇集区-艾贝尔逊白血病病毒(BCR-ABL)融合基因检测试剂盒》标准的相应要求,为标准的实施提供了技术支撑。

n型MoS_(2)/p型c-Si太阳电池前后接触势垒的模拟优化

基于提高n型MoS_(2)/p型c-Si太阳电池转换效率的目的,采用美国滨州大学研发的AMPS-1D软件,针对电池前后接触势垒对光伏性能的影响进行模拟优化。模拟结果表明:前接触势垒(对于电子)越低,电池性能越好,当前接触势垒为0.1 eV时,电池转换效率达17.617%;背接触势垒越高,电池短路电流升高越明显,光伏性能越好,当背接触势垒为1.1 eV时,电池转换效率达17.762%。为电池增加带隙为1.8 eV的非晶硅背场后,电池的光伏性能明显改善。电池有背场后,背接触势垒越高,电池的开路电压升高越显著,当背接触势垒为1.7 eV时,电池的转换效率提高至27.641%。此研究旨在为n型MoS_(2)/p型c-Si太阳电池的实验制备提供一定的理论参考。

吐鲁番市土地利用转型及生态服务功能交叉敏感性

厘清吐鲁番市2000-2018年土地利用转型及生态服务价值时空演变特征,探讨生态服务价值与地类转型的相互关系,可为合理规划区域土地资源的同时实现生态服务功能的改善和提升提供依据。基于5期土地利用遥感影像数据,采用土地利用动态变化模型及修正后的生态服务价值系数,结合改进的交叉敏感性系数模型分析生态服务价值对土地利用转型的敏感程度。结果表明,1)吐鲁番市以草地、未利用地及耕地等地类为主,建设用地、耕地持续扩张,水域、草地不断减少,其中以草地与水域、耕地及未利用地之间的转型为主;2)研究时段内生态系统服务价值呈现“先减后增再减”的动态变化趋势,高值区主要分布于北部山区以及中部绿洲平原区域;3)生态服务功能对林地、水域、草地及未利用地向其他地类转型敏感性响应程度较高,草地、建设用地与未利用地转型的高敏感区分布较广,未利用地与水域、建设用地间转型的低敏感区分布较广。区域应加强对水域、林地、草地等生态系统的保护,在发展经济建设的同时注重合理规划土地资源及生态环境质量的提升。

转基因定量检测量值转换系数的研究进展

基于PCR技术测定的转基因成分定量结果主要是拷贝数比值,而“产品标识”规定检测结果必须以质量分数表示。量值单位的不统一,造成无法根据检测结果直接进行标识与否的判定。因此亟须研究转基因含量2种单位间的量值关系,建立实现量值转换的“转换系数”定值方法,从而保障检测结果与标识阈值的直接可比。通过对国际转基因“产品标识”制度进行总结,系统分析了影响“转换系数”量值的关键因素和欧盟建立的定值方法,并就我国开展相关研究的重要性进行了论述,为我国转基因“产品标识”制度的有效执行提供参考。

烟草CYP82E4基因启动子功能分析

烟碱转化是指在烟叶成熟期,烟叶中的烟碱大量转化成降烟碱,烟叶品质发生显著变化的过程。前期研究表明烟碱转化由烟碱去甲基酶一步催化完成,其编码基因为CYP82E4(NtE4)。为解析NtE4启动子功能,探究其调控机制,本研究通过在线数据库分析NtE4启动子上的顺式作用元件,预测其上游靶向转录因子;通过5’端缺失构建启动子融合GUS基因的重组表达载体并瞬时转化本氏烟,确定启动子活性区域。结果表明,NtE4启动子包含2个脱落酸、11个乙烯响应元件,9个WRKY和7个NAC结合位点等;-500~-1000 bp是NtE4启动子核心区域,-500~-1967 bp存在较多增强启动子活性的元件;预测ERF、WRKY和NAC为NtE4基因上游靶向转录因子;荧光定量表达分析显示ERF5、WRKY50和NAC29在叶片衰老过程中具有和NtE4相似的表达趋势。本研究将为阐明烟叶衰老过程中NtE4介导的烟碱转化机制提供理论依据。

基于暗特性曲线提取辐伏转换器件特性参数的算法

开展辐伏电池理论研究需要计算辐伏转换器件的特性参数,通过特性参数即可预测辐照条件下辐伏转换器件的输出特性,为辐伏电池设计提供重要理论参考。本研究算法基于辐伏转换器件暗特性曲线,计算辐伏转换器件的特性参数,并通过统计学方法分析计算特性参数的优劣。并利用提取出的特性参数预测转换器件在源辐照条件下的特性曲线并与实际测量的辐照特性曲线对比,以证明算法的有效性。结果表明,计算结果在曲线拟合和输出特性预测上均取得了良好的效果。此算法能够在不辐照器件的基础上,通过暗特性曲线预测电池输出特性,可为辐伏电池的设计提供指导。

性别和疫苗接种次数对轻型Omicron感染患者症状和核酸转阴时间的影响

目的探讨不同性别和疫苗接种次数对奥密克戎(Omicron)感染轻症患者症状和核酸转阴时间的影响。方法收集2022年3-5月入住吉林省长春市双阳区奢岭方舱医院348例Omicron感染者的临床资料,分析不同性别、基础疾病、疫苗接种次数患者临床症状和核酸转阴时间的特点。结果不同性别、基础疾病、疫苗接种次数患者感染Omicron后核酸转阴时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但与男性比较,女性感染Omicron后更容易出现多个轻型症状(≥3个),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论女性感染Omicron后更容易出现多个轻型症状;而性别和疫苗接种次数对Omicron感染者核酸转阴时间影响不显著。

基于CF与优化RF模型耦合的泰山地区地质灾害易发性评价

[目的]针对泰山地区地质灾害频发这一现状,研究并构建地质灾害易发性评价模型,为该地区的地质灾害预防与治理工作提供参考。[方法]以泰山地区为研究区,采用确定性系数模型与粒子群算法优化RF模型耦合的方法,完成对研究区的地质灾害易发性评价。该方法是利用确定性系数(CF)模型计算影响因子对地质灾害的敏感值,作为模型训练的属性值,引入粒子群算法对随机森林(RF)模型进行参数寻优,提高模型对地质灾害的预测精度和准确度。选取坡度、距道路距离、土地利用类型、植被指数等11个影响因子,采用皮尔逊相关系数法和多重共线性检查进行影响因子筛选择优,绘制ROC和PR曲线对训练模型进行精度评价。[结果]CF-PSO-RF耦合模型相比单一SVR、单一RF和CF-PSO-SVR模型的极高易发区面积比例分别提高10.55%,10.04%和5.08%,AUC值分别提高14%,5.1%和1.7%,AP精度分别提高了11.7%,4.4%,1.2%。预测结果显示,泰山地区的极高、高易发区主要位于泰山景区、岱岳区北部等地形起伏和坡度较大的区域,面积所占比例为28.05%,涵盖了60.1%的地质灾害点;相反,低、极低易发区主要分布在建设用地、农田等地势平坦区域,面积比例为59.26%。[结论]将确定性系数模型与优化后RF模型耦合,相比单一模型精度有进一步的提升,又优于CF-PSO-SVR模型精度,评价结果符合实际情况。

初始不可切除结直肠癌肝转移患者转化治疗结局的影响因素及风险预测模型构建

目的探讨初始不可切除结直肠癌肝转移患者转化治疗结局的影响因素,并构建风险预测模型。方法采用回顾性研究,选取转化治疗失败的50例初始不可切除结直肠癌肝转移患者作为转化失败组,另选取同期转化治疗成功的81例患者作为转化成功组。收集两组患者的基线资料及相关临床指标,采用Logistic回归性分析检验影响初始不可切除结直肠癌肝转移患者转化治疗结局的影响因素,依据回归结果构建风险预测模型,再绘制受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析风险预测模型效能。结果两组患者在肿瘤原发部位、肝转移灶数量、是否侵犯门静脉、血清白蛋白、是否贫血方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Logistic回归性分析显示肿瘤位于右半结肠,转移灶数量≥5个,侵犯门静脉,血清白蛋白<36 g/L,贫血是影响初始不可切除结直肠癌肝转移患者转化治疗结局的影响因素(P<0.05)。构建风险预测模型,ROC内部验证显示曲线下面积(AUC)为0.784,AUC的95%CI为:0.703~0.864、P<0.001、特异度:0.654,敏感度:0.880,约登指数:0.534。外部验证:AUC为0.793,AUC的95%CI为0.714~0.873、P<0.001、特异度:0.654,敏感度:0.880,约登指数:0.534。结论肿瘤原发部位、侵犯门静脉、血清白蛋白、贫血及肝转移灶数量是影响初始不可切除结直肠癌肝转移患者转化治疗结局的影响因素,基于上述因素构建的风险预测模型对转化治疗效果具有中等预测价值。