New partial cooperation model for bilevel programming problems

Partial cooperation models are studied for many years to solve the bilevel programming problems where the follower’s optimal reaction is not unique. However, in these existed models, the follower’s cooperation level does not depend on the leader’s decision. A new model is proposed to solve this deficiency. It is proved the feasibility of the new model when the reaction set of the lower level is lower semicontinuous. And the numerical results show that the new model has optimal solutions when the reaction set of the lower level is discrete, lower semi-continuous and non-lower semi-continuous.

An Exploratory Analysis of Cooperation Model Change in the Process of Tomato Industrialization in Xinjiang,China

The cooperation models appeared in the process of tomato industrialization in Xinjiang include orders,intermediary agencies and workshops.The cooperation content,the closeness and the cooperation stability of these models are different from each other.From the local to the Corps in Xinjiang,the cooperation model has undergone corresponding changes.The internal interest mechanism,the constriant mechanism and the protection mechanism have also undergone some changes.In order to make a breakthrough in tomato industrialization in Xinjiang,the cooperation model should be changed from the loose and semi-compact type to the high-compact type.The interest mechanism,the constriant mechanism and the protection mechanism between farmers and companies will be strengthened.

COSCO Shipping Acquisition as A Success Model for Greece-China Cooperation

On July 4th,2016,China COSCO Shipping Corporation Limited('COSCO SHIPPING'or'the Group')and the Hellenic Republic Asset Development Fund(HRADF)signed a letter in Beijing,confirming that the conditions defined in the previously signed Share Purchase Agreement(SPA)have been fulfilled.It marks a decisive achievement for COSCO SHIPPING’S

A collaborative approach to integrated energy systems that consider direct trading of multiple energy derivatives

The cooperative model of a multi-subject Regional Integrated Energy System(RIES)is no longer limited to the trading of traditional energy,but the trading of new energy derivatives such as Green Certificates(GC),Service Power(SP),and CO_(2) will be more involved in the energy allocation of the cooperative model.This study was conducted for the multi-entity RIES cooperative model considering the trading of electronics,GC,SP,and CO_(2).First,a cooperative framework including wind-photovoltaic generation system(WG),combined heat and power system(CHP),and power-carbon-hydrogen load(PCH)is proposed,and the mechanism of energy derivatives trading is also analyzed.Then,the sub-models of each agent in the cooperative model are established separately so that WG has the capability of GC generation,CHP has the capability of GC and CO_(2) absorption,and PCH can realize the effective utilization of CO_(2).Then,the WG–CHP–PCH cooperative model is established and equated into two sub-problems of cooperative benefit maximization and transaction payment negotiation,which are solved in a distributed manner by the alternating directed multiplier method(ADMM).Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed cooperative model and distributed solution is verified by simulation.The simulation results show that the WG–CHP–PCH cooperative model can substantially improve the operational efficiency of each agent and realize the efficient redistribution of energy and its derivatives.In addition,the dynamic parameter adjustment algorithm(DP)is further applied in the solving process to improve its convergence speed.By updating the step size during each iteration,the computational cost,the number of iterations,and the apparent oscillations are reduced,and the convergence performance of the algorithm is improved.

Stability and bifurcation analysis of a size-stage-structured cooperation model

In this paper,we propose a size-stage-structured cooperation model which has two distinct life stages in facultative cooperator.The primary feature of this model is to consider size structure,stage structure and obligate and facultative symbiosis at the same time in a cooperation system.We use the method of characteristic to show that this new model can be reduced to a threshold delay equations(TDEs)model,which can be further transformed into a functional differential equations(FDEs)model by a simple change of variables.Such simplification allows us to apply the classical theory of FDEs and establish a set of sufficient conditions to investigate the qualitative analysis of solutions of the FDEs model,including the global existence and uniqueness,positivity and boundedness.What's more,we use the geometric criteria to get the conclusions about stability and Hopf bifurcation of positive equilibrium because the coefficients of the characteristic equation depend on the bifurcation parameter.Finally,numerical simulations are carried out as supporting evidences of our analytical results.Our results show that the presence of size structure and stage structure plays an important role in the dynamic behavior of the model.

Price Transmission in China's Swine Industry with an Application of MCM

The paper studies the relationship, adjustment ability, path, efficiency and intensity of price transmission in the swine industry chain in China, which consists of the prices of corn, compound feed for fattening pig, piglet, pig and pork. Monthly prices covering a period of 18 yr （1994-2011） are analyzed using a Market-Chain Cooperated Model （MCM）. The empirical results show that there exists a stable long-term cointegration and short-term dynamic relationship in the price system. First, the adjustment speed of each price series is very slow and the transmission path is top-down and one-way significantly. Second, the price from upstream to downstream lags about 2 mort, while there is no lag in price transmission from midstream to downstream. Third, in terms of price transmission intensity, the price of pig impacted greatly on pork price, not only in the current period but also through the whole period. Besides, the price of corn has the largest lagged effects on pork price. According to the above empirical results, we suggest that government should strengthen monitoring and early warning of the swine industry chain, especially the upstream and midstream, attach great importance to the timely adjustment of feed prices and perfect the measures of price subsidy.

Game theory approach to optimal capital cost allocation in pollution control

This paper tries to integrate game theory, a very useful tool to resolve conflict phenomena, with optimal capital cost allocation issue in total emission control. First the necessity of allocating optimal capital costs fairly and reasonably among polluters in total emission control was analyzed. Then the possibility of applying game theory to the issue of the optimal capital cost allocation was expounded. Next the cooperative N person game model of the optimal capital cost allocation and its solution ways including method based on Shapley value, least core method, weak least core methods, proportional least core method, CGA method, MCRS method and so on were delineated. Finally through application of these methods it was concluded that to apply game theory in the optimal capital cost allocation issue is helpful to implement the total emission control planning schemes successfully, to control pollution effectively, and to ensure sustainable development.

Comparison of the Three Cooperative Types of Agricultural Technology Popularization Based on the Industrialization of Tomato Industry in Xinjiang Autonomous Region

In the process of industrialization of tomato industry in Xinjiang, the cooperative models of rural households and tomato processing enterprises are order type, mediated type and workshop type. The contents, closeness degree and stability of cooperation of them are different. Under different cooperation models, the closeness degree of pillar industry and rural households differs, as well as the speed and effect of the technology promotion. By comparing the situation of technology promotion under the three cooperative models, the results can be obtained. The workshop type can reduce the risks of adopting new technologies of farmers greatly; strengthen the internal motivation of farmers to adopt new technology, so it can attract more farmers. Therefore, the workshop type represents the developmental direction of industrialization of tomato industry in Xinjiang to a certain extent.

Cooperative Optimization of Reconfigurable Machine Tool Configurations and Production Process Plan

The production process plan design and configurations of reconfigurable machine tool （RMT） interact with each other. Reasonable process plans with suitable configurations of RMT help to improve product quality and reduce production cost. Therefore, a cooperative strategy is needed to concurrently solve the above issue. In this paper, the cooperative optimization model for RMT configurations and production process plan is presented. Its objectives take into account both impacts of process and configuration. Moreover, a novel genetic algorithm is also developed to provide optimal or near-optimal solutions： firstly, its chromosome is redesigned which is composed of three parts, operations, process plan and configurations of RMTs, respectively; secondly, its new selection, crossover and mutation operators are also developed to deal with the process constraints from operation processes （OP） graph, otherwise these operators could generate illegal solutions violating the limits; eventually the optimal configurations for RMT under optimal process plan design can be obtained. At last, a manufacturing line case is applied which is composed of three RMTs. It is shown from the case that the optimal process plan and configurations of RMT are concurrently obtained, and the production cost decreases 6.28% and nonmonetary performance increases 22%. The proposed method can figure out both RMT configurations and production process, improve production capacity, functions and equipment utilization for RMT.

软件工程四位一体校企合作实践教学体系研究(英文)

To meet for the enterprise requirements of software engineers and to solve the problems that the software engineers with low capacity in engineering and innovation issues at present,this paper first analyzes the software engineering education objectives and methods,then proposes to build an engineering teaching architecture which called One Frame with Four Aspects.This architecture reforms the practical teaching experience from educational concepts,practical training links,practical training objectives as well as practical training evaluation mechanism,especially focuses on the content of practice teaching,engineering teaching curriculum,the school-enterprise cooperation model and evaluation mechanisms.Practice has shown that the practical teaching system can be applied to software training well in Software School and its training effect is remarkable.

Teaching Reform and Practice of Augmented Reality Course at Xiamen University

Augmented Reality(AR)is a new mode of interactive media that is becoming increasingly popular.Few universities,however,offer courses specifically in AR.This raises questions on appropriate teaching paradigms for this fast-developing area.This paper,therefore,discusses current challenges for teaching AR including a shortage of teaching staff,segmented teaching materials,and theory-driven assessment methods.As such,we present several strategies currently used in the AR technology and application course at Xiamen University.To improve teaching performance,we introduced part-time tutors who are currently employed within the AR industry.Furthermore,we improved the systematic presentation of our course materials to allow an integrative understanding of them.Students developed AR projects using Huawei,the most popular mobile platform in China.This paper concludes that students who underwent this teaching paradigm developed effective skills and knowledge in AR and successfully advanced their careers.

Bifurcation control of a fractional-order delayed competition and cooperation model of two enterprises

The competition and cooperation among enterprises has become a hot topic and focus issue in today’s world. How to manage the enterprise well so as to achieve the maximum output is an important problem for enterprise managers. Optimizing output of two enterprises plays a key role in operating enterprises. Many scholars pay much attention to this aspect. However, the reports on the stability and Hopf bifurcation for fractional-order delayed competition and cooperation model of two enterprises are very few. This paper is concerned with the stability, the existence of Hopf bifurcation and the bifurcation control issue of fractionalorder delayed competition and cooperation model of two enterprises. Firstly, some new sufficient conditions that guarantee the stability and the existence of Hopf bifurcation for fractional-order delayed competition and cooperation model of two enterprises are obtained by regarding the delay as bifurcation parameter. Then a suitable time delayed feedback controller is designed to control the Hopf bifurcation for involved model. The study shows that the delay and the fractional order have an important effect on the stability and Hopf bifurcation of involved model. Some simulations justifying the validity of the derived analytical results are given. At last, we end this paper with a concise conclusion. The obtained results of this article are innovative and are of great significance in handling the competition and cooperation among enterprises.

Managing economic and social profit of cooperative models in three-echelon reverse supply chain for waste electrical and electronic equipment

In addition to maximizing economic benefits, reverse supply chains should further seek to maximize social benefits by increasing the quantity of waste electrical and electronic equipment （WEEE）. The paper investigates cooperative models with different parties in a three-echelon reverse supply chain for WEEE consisting of a single collector, a single remanufacturer, and two retailers based on complete information. In acldition, the optimal decisions of four cooperative models and the effect of the market demand of remanufactured WEEE products and the market share of two retailers on the optimal decisions are discussed. The results indicate that optimal total channel profit and recycle quantity in a reverse supply chain are maximized in a centralized model. The optimal total channel profit and recycle quantity increase with an increase in the market demand of remanufactured WEEE products. The three-echelon reverse supply chain consisting of duopolistic retailers maximizes total channel profit and recycle quantity in a reverse supply chain fbr WEEE.

On the impact of connected automated vehicles in freeway work zones:a cooperative cellular automata model based approach

Purpose–Freeway work zones have been traffic bottlenecks that lead to a series of problems,including long travel time,high-speed variation,driver’s dissatisfaction and traffic congestion.This research aims to develop a collaborative component of connected and automated vehicles(CAVs)to alleviate negative effects caused by work zones.Design/methodology/approach–The proposed cooperative component is incorporated in a cellular automata model to examine how and to what scale CAVs can help in improving traffic operations.Findings–Simulation results show that,with the proposed component and penetration of CAVs,the average performances(travel time,safety and emission)can all be improved and the stochasticity of performances will be minimized too.Originality/value–To the best of the authors’knowledge,this is the first research that develops a cooperative mechanism of CAVs to improve work zone performance.

New Model of MINI COOPER Makes Its North China Debut

Beijing Yanbao Automobile Service Co.delivered the updated MINI COOPER to its first buyer in north China on May 28,at a ceremony in the Goldport Motor Park in Chaoyang District.

Optimal Operation of Micro-energy Grids Considering Shared Energy Storage Systems and Balanced Profit Allocations

Following the unprecedented generation of renewable energy,Energy Storage Systems(ESSs)have become essential for facilitating renewable consumption and maintaining reliability in energy networks.However,providing an individual ESS to a single customer is still a luxury.Thus,this paper aims to investigate whether the Shared-ESS can assist energy savings for multiple users through Peer-to-Peer(P2P)trading.Moreover,with the increasing number of market participants in the integrated energy system(IES),a benefit allocation scheme is necessary,ensuring reasonable benefits for every user in the network.Using the multiplayer cooperative game model,the nucleolus and the Shapley value methods are adopted to evaluate the benefit allocation between multiple users.Numerical analyses based on multiple micro-energy grids are performed,so as to assess the performance of the Shared-ESS and the proposed benefit allocation scheme.The results show that the micro-energy grid cluster can save as much as 38.15%of the total energy cost with Shared-ESS being equipped.The following conclusions can be drawn:the Shared-ESS can significantly reduce the operating costs of the micro-energy grid operator,promote the consumption of renewable energy,and play the role of peak-shaving and valley-filling during different energy usage periods.In addition,it is reflected that the multiplayer cooperative game model is effective in revealing the interaction between the micro-energy grids,which makes the distribution results more reasonable.

Public Bicycle Operating System Based on Space-Time Security and the Internet of Things

The bad behaviors of some users and the drawbacks of public bicycles have hindered the promotion of public bicycles. The current problems include low utilization rate, uneven distribution, high loss rate and insecure lock. However, there is few feasible research in this new field. To address these issues of public bicycles, we propose a public bicycle operating system（PBOS）. PBOS involves three key technologies： 1） To acquire a dynamic password and realize bicycle self-rescue, we devise an intelligent lock that utilizes the Internet of Things（IoT） to establish Bluetooth connection with user＇s mobile phone. 2） To avoid bicycle loss and improve the security of data transmission, we design a space-time security protocol to work between bicycle＇s intelligent lock, mobile app, and server. 3） To increase the average utilization rate and distribution, we present a cooperative game model for bicycle scheduling. Finally, we evaluate the performance and validate the theoretical properties of PBOS through extensive simulations.

Optimal Treatment Cost Allocation Methods in Pollution Control

Totalemission controlis an effective pollution controlstrategy.However, Chinese application oftotal emission controllacks reasonable and fair methodsfor optimaltreatment cost allocation,a criticalissue in total emission control.This paper considersfour approachesto allocate treatmentcosts.Thefirstapproachisto setup a multiple objective planning model and to solve the model using the shortest distance ideal point method. The second approachisto define degree ofsatisfaction for cost allocation resultsfor each polluter and to establish a method based onthisconcept.Thethirdisto apply bargaining and arbitrationtheoryto develop a model.Thefourth isto establish a cooperative N person game model which can be solved usingthe Shapley value method,the core method,the Cost Gap Allocation method orthe Minimum Costs Remaining Savings method.These approaches are compared using a practicable case study.

A predictive accident-duration based decision-making module for rerouting in environments with V2V communication

Communication for cooperative traffic management increases convenience and efficiency in driving. Intelligent vehicles can collect information about the driving environment, the driver situation and, more importantly, information on other vehicles. While giving this information to the driver can be useful, there is also the possibility of presenting the driver with too much information. Existing vehicles already have some mechanisms to take certain actions if the driver fails to act. Future vehicles will need more complex decision-making modules which receive the raw data from all available sources, process this data and inform the driver about existing or impending situations and suggest, or even take actions. In this work, we explore the use of a decision-making module for accident situations that processes information from VANET communication and advises the driver based on the situation. Our decision-making algorithm is a simple and effective algorithm that can be implemented in each vehicle to assist the driver in situations where rerouting to avoid traffic congestion caused by an accident may be necessary. Our approach estimates accident duration and provides a rerouting for upcoming traffic. Our algorithm has been implemented and evalu- ated within an elegant traffic simulation system where both city and highway environments are considered, along with various proportions of V2V-equipped vehicles. Overall, the results indicate that using our decision-making module in vehicles shows great potential for improving performance of vehicular systems by reducing both travel and wait times and providing more accurate information on surrounding environments.