Coordinated Planning for Fast Charging Stations and Distribution Networks Based on an Improved Flow Capture Location Model

The increasing penetration of plug-in electric vehi-cles(PEVs)should lead to a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.Nevertheless,the development of PEVs is limited by the lack of charging facilities,which is constrained by the coupled transportation-distribution network.This paper presents a stochastic bi-level model for the optimal allocation of fast charging stations(FCSs)and distribution network expansion planning(DNEP).First,a sequential capacitated flow-capturing location-allocation model(SCFCLM)is proposed at the lower level to optimize the allocation of FCSs on the transportation network.Monte-Carlo simulation(MCS)is utilized to estimate daily charging load requirements.Then,we propose an economic model for DNEP at the upper level,and the chance constrained method is employed to relax power flow constraints to address the uncertainties of loads.Numerical experiments are conducted to illustrate the proposed planning method.The influences of the flow capturing sequence and relaxed confidence level on the PEV charging load,FCS planning strategies and DNEP schemes are analyzed.Index Terms-Coordinated planning,fast charging station,flow-capturing model,plug-in electric vehicle,stochastic bi-level model.

Coordinated Planning of Large-Scale Wind Farm Integration System and Transmission Network

Large-scale centralized exploitation of intermittent wind energy resources has become popular in many countries.However,as a result of the frequent occurrence of largescale wind curtailment,expansion of corresponding transmission projects has fallen behind the speed at which installed wind capacity can be developed.In this paper,a coordinated planning approach for a large-scale wind farm integration system and its related regional transmission network is proposed.A bilevel programming model is formulated with the objective of minimizing cost.To reach the global optimum of the bi-level model,this work proposes that the upper-level wind farm integration system planning problem needs to be solved jointly with the lower-level regional transmission planning problem.The bi-level model is expressed in terms of a linearized mathematical problem with equilibrium constraints(MPEC)by Karush-KuhnTucker conditions.It is then solved using mixed integer linear programming solvers.Numerical simulations are conducted to show the validity of the proposed coordinated planning method.

Bi-level Coordinated Planning of Active Distribution Network Considering Demand Response Resources and Severely Restricted Scenarios

Due to the uncertainty and fluctuation of distributed generation(DG)and load,the operation of active distribution network(ADN)is affected by multi-dimension factors which are described by massive operation scenarios.Efficient and accurate screening of severely restricted scenarios(SRSs)has become a new challenge in ADN planning.In this paper,a novel bi-level coordinated planning model which combines the short-time-scale operation problem with the long-time-scale planning problem is proposed.At the upper level,the demand response(DR)resource,an effective non-component planning resource characterized by low capacity price,high energy price,and short contract term,is co-optimized with the configuration of lines and energy storage systems(ESSs)to achieve the economic trade-off between the investment cost and the operation cost under SRSs.At the lower level,with the planning scheme obtained from the upper level,massive operation problems are optimized to minimize the daily operation cost;and the SRSs are provided to the upper level through a shadow-price-based scenario screening method,which simulates the planning information(i.e.,the restricted degrees of operation scenarios)feedback process from ADN operators to ADN planners.Case studies on a 62-node distribution system in Jianshan New District,Zhejiang Province,China,illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed bi-level coordinated planning model considering DR resources and SRSs.

Optimal control based coordinated taxiing path planning and tracking for multiple carrier aircraft on flight deck

Coordinated taxiing planning for multiple aircraft on flight deck is of vital importance which can dramatically improve the dispatching efficiency.In this paper,first,the coordinated taxiing path planning problem is transformed into a centralized optimal control problem where collision-free conditions and mechanical limits are considered.Since the formulated optimal control problem is of large state space and highly nonlinear,an efficient hierarchical initialization technique based on the Dubins-curve method is proposed.Then,a model predictive controller is designed to track the obtained reference trajectory in the presence of initial state error and external disturbances.Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed“offline planningþonline tracking”framework can achieve efficient and robust coordinated taxiing planning and tracking even in the presence of initial state error and continuous external disturbances.

ORGANIZING MACRO ECONOMIC REGIONS AND ENHANCING INTER-PROVINCIAL COORDINATION AND PLANNING IN CHINA

This paper elaborates upon the purpose of macro economicroponalization and inter-provincial planning and coordination under thesocialist market system. It descnbes the characteristics and orgarnzationalforms of macro economic regions and the principle of macro economic regionalization. The six macro economic regions-Northeast China, NorthChina, Northwest China, Middle-East China, Southwest China and South China-are divided in the paper. At the end, the paper describes somemajor programs, which requires cooperation among various involvedprovinces.

Coordinated RES and ESS Planning Framework Considering Financial Incentives Within Centralized Electricity Market

Coordinated investment and operations within renewable portfolio standards is one of the key technologies to meet the renewable energy target and realize the economic operations of the power system.This paper proposes a unified framework of coordinated planning and financial incentives.Joint investment in renewable energy and energy storage and joint optimization of energy and ancillary services are integrated into a unified framework.Various factors are taken into consideration by the social planner in the centralized electricity market,such as the sitting and sizing of renewable energy and energy storage,charge and discharge efficiency of the energy storage,transmission network constraints,reserve capacity,and financial incentives.This framework provides a tool for the social planner to determine the optimal planning scheme of renewable energy and energy storage.The conclusion derived is that the sum of market revenue and financial subsidies of renewable energy and energy storage is exactly equal to their investment cost which is obtained by the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)condition of maximizing social welfare problems.A numerical result based on the modified IEEE-39 bus test system demonstrates the effectiveness of the unified framework.The impact of financial incentives,reserve capacity,and production costs on capital investment are studied.

Rural Development Program for State-Level New Area in Western China: An Empirical Analysis and Policy Suggestions Based on Villagers' Wishes

Rural development that has been raised to an unprecedented strategic position has become an important fulcrum for China to maintain its rapid economic growth in the future when China's economy has entered a period of new normal. As a quintessential example in the state-level new area of western China and mountainous city, rural areas around Chongqing's Liangjiang New Area have typical preferential policies, space structure, and industrial layout. This study is different from the traditional rural research which focuses on the spatial arrangement of settlements and facilities. From the perspective of villagers' participation and field investigation, this study objectively understands the characteristics, advantages and problems of rural development, and explores the development problems in rural areas, so as to provide a reference for rural planning.

Multi-UAV Cooperative Trajectory Planning Based on Many-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm

The trajectory planning of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)is the core of efficient UAV mission execution.Existing studies have mainly transformed this problem into a single-objective optimization problem using a single metric to evaluate multi-UAV trajectory planning methods.However,multi-UAV trajectory planning evolves into a many-objective optimization problem due to the complexity of the demand and the environment.Therefore,a multi-UAV cooperative trajectory planning model based on many-objective optimization is proposed to optimize trajectory distance,trajectory time,trajectory threat,and trajectory coordination distance costs of UAVs.The NSGA-III algorithm,which overcomes the problems of traditional trajectory planning,is used to solve the model.This paper also designs a segmented crossover strategy and introduces dynamic crossover probability in the crossover operator to improve the solving efficiency of the model and accelerate the convergence speed of the algorithm.Experimental results prove the effectiveness of the multi-UAV cooperative trajectory planning algorithm,thereby addressing different actual needs.

Coordinated Oil Price Readjustment Plan

In March this year, the National Development and Reform Commission issued an oil price readjustment plan, including the establishment of a subsidy system for disadvantaged sections of the community and public service sectors, a price linkage mechanism for related industries, and a fiscal adjustment mechanism for oil enterprises. The recipients of the subsidies mainly include farmers, fishermen and fishing firms, state-owned forestry enterprises and urban public transportation firms.

Planning Coordination,Social Innovation,and System Reform:Annual Conference of China City Planning 2013 Successfully Held in Qingdao

More than 6,000 urban planners,urban administrative staff,professors,and college students from all over China,as well as representatives from international organizations such as UN-HABITAT and USEF,gathered in Qingdao from Nov.16 to 18 and attended the Annual Conference of China City Planning 2013.Relating to the conference theme of'Urban Age,Coordinated Planning,'they discussed and explored various significant issues of urbanization,coordination between urban planning and other planning,village development,urban planning informatization,etc.