Distributed generators now is widely used in electrical power networks, in some cases it works seasonally, and some types works at special weather conditions like photo voltaic systems and wind energy, and due to this...Distributed generators now is widely used in electrical power networks, in some cases it works seasonally, and some types works at special weather conditions like photo voltaic systems and wind energy, and due to this continuous changes in generation condition, the fault current level in network will be affected, this changes in fault current level will affect in the coordination between protection relays and to keep the coordination at right way, an adaptive protection system is required that can adaptive its setting according to generation changes, the fault current level in each case is evaluated using ETAP software, and the required relay setting in each case is also evaluated using Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm, and to select suitable setting which required in each condition, to select the active setting group of protection relay according to generation capacity, central protection unite can be used, and to improve protection stability and minimizing relays tripping time, a proposed method for selecting suitable backup relay is used, which leads to decrease relays tripping time and increase system stability, output settings for relays in all cases achieved our constrains.展开更多
Relay coordination is crucial in electrical power systems to protect against malfunctions and damage caused by unexpected events like short circuits.To address the challenge associated with the reverse direction of fa...Relay coordination is crucial in electrical power systems to protect against malfunctions and damage caused by unexpected events like short circuits.To address the challenge associated with the reverse direction of fault current,dual-setting(DS)directional over-current relays have evolved but failed to provide proper coordination during changes of load,generation,and network.In the meantime,with the increasing number of DS relays,the total relay operating time tends to saturate.Therefore,this paper proposes a protection scheme based on the optimal deployment of conventional and dual-setting rate of change of voltage(DS-ROCOV)relays in distribution systems.This holds true for varying network topologies and is unaffected by variations in load and generation.The objective of the proposed scheme is to ensure reliable and efficient protection against faults in distribution systems by minimizing the overall operating time with the optimal number of DS-ROCOV relays.The proposed protection scheme’s performance is evaluated for different coordination time interval values as well as in different microgrid scenarios.This paper outlines the design and implementation of the proposed protection scheme which is validated on the modified IEEE 14-bus system using simulations in Matlab/Simulink.展开更多
This paper expounds the main structure design and function implementation of a provincial power grid relay protection setting calculation integration system. In accordance with the actual features of the relay protect...This paper expounds the main structure design and function implementation of a provincial power grid relay protection setting calculation integration system. In accordance with the actual features of the relay protection setting calculation work, setting calculation system is developed based on the project. For the development and research of integration of setting calculation system, to achieve a certain provincial power grid relay protection setting calculation and the standardization of the operation and management, network and intelligent, is of great significance.展开更多
Co-ordination of directional over current relays(DOCR) requires the selection and setting of relays so as to sequentially isolate only that portion of the power system where an abnormality has occurred.The problem of ...Co-ordination of directional over current relays(DOCR) requires the selection and setting of relays so as to sequentially isolate only that portion of the power system where an abnormality has occurred.The problem of coordinating protective relays in electrical power systems consists of selecting suitable settings such that their fundamental protective function is met,given operational requirements of sensitivity,selectivity,reliability and speed.Directional over current relays are best suited for protection of an interconnected sub-station transmission system.One of the major problems associated with this type of protection is the difficulty in coordinating relays.To insure proper coordination,all the main/back up relay pairs must be determined.This paper presents an effective algorithm to determine the minimum number of break points and main/back up relay pairs using relative sequence matrix(RSM).A novel optimization technique based on evolutionary programming was developed using these main/back up relay pairs for directional over current relay coordination in multi-loop networks.Since the problem has multi-optimum points,conventional mathematics based optimization techniques may sometimes fail.Hence evolutionary programming(EP) was used,as it is a stochastic multi-point search optimization algorithm capable of escaping from the local optimum problem,giving a better chance of reaching a global optimum.The method developed was tested on an existing 6 bus,7 line system and better results were obtained than with conventional methods.展开更多
文摘Distributed generators now is widely used in electrical power networks, in some cases it works seasonally, and some types works at special weather conditions like photo voltaic systems and wind energy, and due to this continuous changes in generation condition, the fault current level in network will be affected, this changes in fault current level will affect in the coordination between protection relays and to keep the coordination at right way, an adaptive protection system is required that can adaptive its setting according to generation changes, the fault current level in each case is evaluated using ETAP software, and the required relay setting in each case is also evaluated using Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm, and to select suitable setting which required in each condition, to select the active setting group of protection relay according to generation capacity, central protection unite can be used, and to improve protection stability and minimizing relays tripping time, a proposed method for selecting suitable backup relay is used, which leads to decrease relays tripping time and increase system stability, output settings for relays in all cases achieved our constrains.
文摘Relay coordination is crucial in electrical power systems to protect against malfunctions and damage caused by unexpected events like short circuits.To address the challenge associated with the reverse direction of fault current,dual-setting(DS)directional over-current relays have evolved but failed to provide proper coordination during changes of load,generation,and network.In the meantime,with the increasing number of DS relays,the total relay operating time tends to saturate.Therefore,this paper proposes a protection scheme based on the optimal deployment of conventional and dual-setting rate of change of voltage(DS-ROCOV)relays in distribution systems.This holds true for varying network topologies and is unaffected by variations in load and generation.The objective of the proposed scheme is to ensure reliable and efficient protection against faults in distribution systems by minimizing the overall operating time with the optimal number of DS-ROCOV relays.The proposed protection scheme’s performance is evaluated for different coordination time interval values as well as in different microgrid scenarios.This paper outlines the design and implementation of the proposed protection scheme which is validated on the modified IEEE 14-bus system using simulations in Matlab/Simulink.
文摘This paper expounds the main structure design and function implementation of a provincial power grid relay protection setting calculation integration system. In accordance with the actual features of the relay protection setting calculation work, setting calculation system is developed based on the project. For the development and research of integration of setting calculation system, to achieve a certain provincial power grid relay protection setting calculation and the standardization of the operation and management, network and intelligent, is of great significance.
文摘Co-ordination of directional over current relays(DOCR) requires the selection and setting of relays so as to sequentially isolate only that portion of the power system where an abnormality has occurred.The problem of coordinating protective relays in electrical power systems consists of selecting suitable settings such that their fundamental protective function is met,given operational requirements of sensitivity,selectivity,reliability and speed.Directional over current relays are best suited for protection of an interconnected sub-station transmission system.One of the major problems associated with this type of protection is the difficulty in coordinating relays.To insure proper coordination,all the main/back up relay pairs must be determined.This paper presents an effective algorithm to determine the minimum number of break points and main/back up relay pairs using relative sequence matrix(RSM).A novel optimization technique based on evolutionary programming was developed using these main/back up relay pairs for directional over current relay coordination in multi-loop networks.Since the problem has multi-optimum points,conventional mathematics based optimization techniques may sometimes fail.Hence evolutionary programming(EP) was used,as it is a stochastic multi-point search optimization algorithm capable of escaping from the local optimum problem,giving a better chance of reaching a global optimum.The method developed was tested on an existing 6 bus,7 line system and better results were obtained than with conventional methods.