Copper nanowire （Cu NW） transparent electrodes have attracted considerable attention due to their outstanding electrical properties, flexibility and low cost. However, complicated post-treatment techniques are neede...Copper nanowire （Cu NW） transparent electrodes have attracted considerable attention due to their outstanding electrical properties, flexibility and low cost. However, complicated post-treatment techniques are needed to obtain good electrical conductivity, because of the organic residues and oxide layers on the surface of the Cu NWs. In addition, commonly used methods such as thermal annealing and acid treatment often lead to nanowire damage. Herein, a TiO2 sol treatment was introduced to obtain Cu NW transparent electrodes with superb performance （13 Ω/sq @ 82% T） at room temperature within one minute. Polymer solar ceils with excellent flexibility were then fabricated on the copper nanowire- TiO2-polyacrylate composite electrode. The power conversion efficiency （PCE） of the cells based on a blend of poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） and phenyl-C61- butyric acid methyl ester （PC61BM） reached 3.11%, which was better than the control devices that used indium tin oxide （ITO）-PET electrodes, and outperforms other Cu NW based organic solar cells previously reported. The PCE of the solar cells based on Cu NW electrodes remained at 90% after 500 cycles of bending, while the PET/ITO solar cells failed after 20 and 200 cycles, with sheet resistance of 35 and 15 Ω/sq, respectively.展开更多
Flexible transparent electrodes(FTEs) with robust mechanical stability are crucial for the industrial application of flexible organic solar cells(OSCs). However, their production remains challenging owing to the diffi...Flexible transparent electrodes(FTEs) with robust mechanical stability are crucial for the industrial application of flexible organic solar cells(OSCs). However, their production remains challenging owing to the difficulty in balancing the conductivity,transmittance, and adhesion of FTEs to substrates. Herein, we present the so-called “reinforced concrete” strategy which finetunes the structure of silver nanowires(Ag NWs)-based FTEs with polydopamine(PDA) possessing good adhesion properties and moderate reducibility. The PDA reduces Ag+to form silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs) which grow like “rivets” at the Ag NW junction sites;PDA stabilizes the Ag NW skeleton and improves the adhesion between the Ag NWs and polyethylene terephthalate(PET) substrate and interface layer. The obtained Ag NW:PDA:Ag NP FTE exhibits excellent optoelectronic properties and high mechanical stability. The resulting flexible OSCs exhibit 17.07% efficiency, high flexibility during 10,000 bending test cycles, and robust peeling stability. In addition, this “reinforced concrete”-like FTE provides great advantages for the production of large-area flexible OSCs, thereby paving a new way toward their commercial application.展开更多
Silver nanowires （AgNWs） surrounded by insulating poly（vinylpyrrolidone） have been synthesized by a polyol process and employed as transparent electrodes. The AgNW transparent electrodes can be fabricated by heatt...Silver nanowires （AgNWs） surrounded by insulating poly（vinylpyrrolidone） have been synthesized by a polyol process and employed as transparent electrodes. The AgNW transparent electrodes can be fabricated by heattreatment at about 200 ℃ which forms connecting junctions between AgNWs. Such a heating process is, however, one of the drawbacks of the fabrication of AgNW electrodes on heat-sensitive substrates. Here it has been demonstrated that the electrical conductivity of AgNW electrodes can be improved by mechanical pressing at 25 MPa for 5 s at room temperature. This simple process results in a low sheet resistance of 8.6 Ω/square and a transparency of 80.0%, equivalent to the properties of the AgNW electrodes heated at 200 ℃. This technique makes it possible to fabricate AgNW transparent electrodes on heat-sensitive substrates. The AgNW electrodes on poly（ethylene terephthalate） films exhibited high stability of their electrical conductivities against the repeated bending test. In addition, the surface roughness of the pressed AgNW electrodes is one-third of that of the heat-treated electrode because the AgNW junctions are mechanically compressed. As a result, an organic solar cell fabricated on the pressed AgNW electrodes exhibited a power conversion as much as those fabricated on indium tin oxide electrodes. These findings enable continuous roll-to-roll processing at room temperature, resulting in relatively simple, inexpensive, and scalable processing that is suitable for forthcoming technologies such as organic solar cells, flexible displays, and touch screens.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 61301036）, Shanghai science and Technology Star Project （No. 17QA1404700）, Youth Innovation Promotion Assodation CAS （No. 2014226）, Shanghai Key Basic Research Project （No. 16JC1402300）, and the Major State Research Development Program of China （No. 2016YFA0203000）.
文摘Copper nanowire （Cu NW） transparent electrodes have attracted considerable attention due to their outstanding electrical properties, flexibility and low cost. However, complicated post-treatment techniques are needed to obtain good electrical conductivity, because of the organic residues and oxide layers on the surface of the Cu NWs. In addition, commonly used methods such as thermal annealing and acid treatment often lead to nanowire damage. Herein, a TiO2 sol treatment was introduced to obtain Cu NW transparent electrodes with superb performance （13 Ω/sq @ 82% T） at room temperature within one minute. Polymer solar ceils with excellent flexibility were then fabricated on the copper nanowire- TiO2-polyacrylate composite electrode. The power conversion efficiency （PCE） of the cells based on a blend of poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） and phenyl-C61- butyric acid methyl ester （PC61BM） reached 3.11%, which was better than the control devices that used indium tin oxide （ITO）-PET electrodes, and outperforms other Cu NW based organic solar cells previously reported. The PCE of the solar cells based on Cu NW electrodes remained at 90% after 500 cycles of bending, while the PET/ITO solar cells failed after 20 and 200 cycles, with sheet resistance of 35 and 15 Ω/sq, respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51922074, 22075194, 51820105003)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB1506400)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (20KJA430010)the Tang Scholarthe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology。
文摘Flexible transparent electrodes(FTEs) with robust mechanical stability are crucial for the industrial application of flexible organic solar cells(OSCs). However, their production remains challenging owing to the difficulty in balancing the conductivity,transmittance, and adhesion of FTEs to substrates. Herein, we present the so-called “reinforced concrete” strategy which finetunes the structure of silver nanowires(Ag NWs)-based FTEs with polydopamine(PDA) possessing good adhesion properties and moderate reducibility. The PDA reduces Ag+to form silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs) which grow like “rivets” at the Ag NW junction sites;PDA stabilizes the Ag NW skeleton and improves the adhesion between the Ag NWs and polyethylene terephthalate(PET) substrate and interface layer. The obtained Ag NW:PDA:Ag NP FTE exhibits excellent optoelectronic properties and high mechanical stability. The resulting flexible OSCs exhibit 17.07% efficiency, high flexibility during 10,000 bending test cycles, and robust peeling stability. In addition, this “reinforced concrete”-like FTE provides great advantages for the production of large-area flexible OSCs, thereby paving a new way toward their commercial application.
文摘Silver nanowires （AgNWs） surrounded by insulating poly（vinylpyrrolidone） have been synthesized by a polyol process and employed as transparent electrodes. The AgNW transparent electrodes can be fabricated by heattreatment at about 200 ℃ which forms connecting junctions between AgNWs. Such a heating process is, however, one of the drawbacks of the fabrication of AgNW electrodes on heat-sensitive substrates. Here it has been demonstrated that the electrical conductivity of AgNW electrodes can be improved by mechanical pressing at 25 MPa for 5 s at room temperature. This simple process results in a low sheet resistance of 8.6 Ω/square and a transparency of 80.0%, equivalent to the properties of the AgNW electrodes heated at 200 ℃. This technique makes it possible to fabricate AgNW transparent electrodes on heat-sensitive substrates. The AgNW electrodes on poly（ethylene terephthalate） films exhibited high stability of their electrical conductivities against the repeated bending test. In addition, the surface roughness of the pressed AgNW electrodes is one-third of that of the heat-treated electrode because the AgNW junctions are mechanically compressed. As a result, an organic solar cell fabricated on the pressed AgNW electrodes exhibited a power conversion as much as those fabricated on indium tin oxide electrodes. These findings enable continuous roll-to-roll processing at room temperature, resulting in relatively simple, inexpensive, and scalable processing that is suitable for forthcoming technologies such as organic solar cells, flexible displays, and touch screens.
