Experimental research on mechanical properties of prestressed truss concrete composite beam encased with circular steel tube

Tests of 4 simply supported unbonded prestressed truss concrete composite beams encased with circular steel tube were carried out. It is found that the ratio of the stress increment of the unbonded tendon to that of the tensile steel tube is 0.252 during the using stage,and the average crack space of beams depends on the ratio of the sum of the bottom chord steel tube's outside diameter and the secondary bottom chord steel tube's section area to the effective tensile concrete area. The coefficient of uneven crack distribution is 1.68 and the formula for the calculation of crack width is established. Test results indicate that the ultimate stress increment of unbonded tendon in the beams decreases in linearity with the increase of the composite reinforcement index β0. The pure bending region of beams accords with the plane section assumption from loading to failure. The calculation formula of ultimate stress increment of the unbonded tendon and the method to calculate the bearing capacity of normal section of beams have been presented. Besides,the method to calculate the stiffness of this sort of beams is brought forward as well.

Bearing capacity of composite columns reinforced by concrete filled steel tube

In this study, nine simplified short composite columns consisting of core CFST (concrete filled steel tube) of different diameters and outer reinforced concrete were constructed to study their compressive performance under axial or eccentric compression. The failure mode is characterized by the crush of the outer concrete. The bearing capacity increases at first and then decreases with further increase of the position coefficient. It can be concluded that position coefficient is an important structural parameter that has considerable influences on the ultimate bearing capacity of the composite columns. The outer concrete, steel tubes and longitudinal reinforcement are found to work in a cooperative manner under axial or eccentric compression when the position coefficient is about 0.5. An improved bearing capacity algorithm that takes the position coefficient into account has been proposed based on the experimental and simulation results and current technical specification in China. It has been proven to be precise and safe.

Study on Interface mechanical behavior of steel tube reinforced concrete composite pile

Currently for the steel tube reinforced concrete composite pile research, although predecessors make a comprehensive research on the composite pile beating performance, design technology, but there are still many problems have not been solved, such as the steel tube reinforced concrete pile composite interracial force learn performance research is still in the initial stage. In this paper, we mainly discuss the research methods of several interface mechanical properties and propose the possibility of studying the mechanical properties of the steel tube reinforced concrete composite pile by using the principle of ultrasonic speckle.

An Experimental Study of Composite Columns Filled with Eucalyptus nitens Timber under Axial Compression

Eucalyptus nitens(E.nitens)has been much used for producing paper but also shows promise for structural applications.In this study,static compressive tests were undertaken to examine its suitability to be used in an innovative composite column.The composite column was comprised of a rectangular steel tube with E.nitens timber infill.The nonlinear compressive behaviour of the composite column filled with E.nitens wood for both dry and wet conditions was examined.The same tests on rectangular steel tubes and bare dry and wet E.nitens samples were also undertaken as a comparison.For samples with different conditions,the ultimate capacity was evaluated and the effect of each condition on the compressive behaviour of the composite column was clarified.The steel tubes showed greater ductile behaviour,and more ductility was found in the wet samples.The steel tubes with E.nitens timber infill samples exhibited a greater linear elastic range connected with higher maximum loads,while the bare timber samples could support only lower maximum loads.The results from this research were promising for the use of rectangular steel tubes with E.nitens timber infill in structural applications.

Analysis and seismic tests of composite shear walls with CFST columns and steel plate deep beams

A composite shear wall concept based on concrete filled steel tube （CFST） columns and steel plate （SP） deep beams is proposed and examined in this study. The new wall is composed of three different energy dissipation elements： CFST columns; SP deep beams; and reinforced concrete （RC） strips. The RC strips are intended to allow the core structural elements - the CFST columns and SP deep beams - to work as a single structure to consume energy. Six specimens of different configurations were tested under cyclic loading. The resulting data are analyzed herein. In addition, numerical simulations of the stress and damage processes for each specimen were carried out, and simulations were completed for a range of location and span-height ratio variations for the SP beams. The simulations show good agreement with the test results. The core structure exhibits a ductile yielding mechanism characteristic of strong column-weak beam structures, hysteretic curves are plump and the composite shear wall exhibits several seismic defense lines. The deformation of the shear wall specimens with encased CFST column and SP deep beam design appears to be closer to that of entire shear walls. Establishing optimal design parameters for the configuration of SP deep beams is pivotal to the best seismic behavior of the wall. The new composite shear wall is therefore suitable for use in the seismic design of building structures.

Ductility and Ultimate Capacity of Concrete-Filled Lattice Rectangular Steel Tube Columns

A kind of concrete-filled lattice rectangular steel tube(CFLRST)column was put forward.The numerical simulation was modeled to analyze the mechanical characteristic of CFLRST column.By comparing the load-deformation curves from the test results,the rationality and reliability of the finite element model has been confirmed,moreover,the change of the section stiffness and stress in the forcing process and the ultimate bearing capacity of the column were analyzed.Based on the model,the comparison of ultimate bearing capacity and ductility between CFLRST column and reinforced concrete(RC)column were also analyzed.The results of the finite element analysis show that the loading process of CFLRST column consists of elastic stage,yield stage and failure stage.The failure modes are mainly strength failure and failure of elastoplastic instability.CFLRST column has higher bearing capacities in comparison with reinforced concrete columns with the same steel ratio.In addition,the stiffness degeneration of CFLRST column is slower than RC column and CFLRST column has good ductility.

铜/钢爆炸焊接复合界面的显微组织及晶粒结构演化机理

采用光滑粒子仿真、先进表征和理论分析相结合的方法,对铜/钢复合材料爆炸焊接过程中的界面瞬态行为进行深入研究,并详细阐述其显微组织演化机制。根据仿真数据重构波形完整的演化过程,并揭示各种界面特征的形成机制。多尺度EBSD分析表明,界面附近区域呈多样性的晶粒结构,其演化机制主要受塑性流动、动态再结晶和凝固形核三个过程的控制。最后,通过纳米压痕实验建立晶粒结构与力学性能之间的关系。

开槽侧板加强型连接梁柱节点子结构抗连续倒塌性能研究

为了优化侧板加强型节点的抗连续倒塌性能,提出了一种开槽侧板加强型梁柱连接节点形式。通过静力加载试验,得到了新型节点子结构的破坏模式、竖向抗力发展机制、应变分布、延性水平和动力承载力等。试验结果表明:钢梁翼缘在盖板附近首先开裂并向腹板外排螺栓中部延伸贯穿,导致竖向承载力快速下降为峰值荷载的20%左右。相比传统侧板加强型和圆弧扩盖板型梁柱节点,新型节点的峰值承载力分别提高了62.1%和19.6%,塑性弦转角分别提高了203.6%和25.8%。通过有限元分析得到了试件的断裂路径发展过程,进一步地通过参数化分析发现:扩大过焊孔构造对改善峰值后塑性弦转角及残余强度提升无明显作用;随着螺栓群远离钢梁翼缘起始断裂位置,最小残余强度比不断增大,但峰值后塑性弦转角呈先增大后减小的趋势;当螺栓群内移45mm时,峰值后塑性弦转角及最小残余强度比分别达到0.149rad和0.88,提高了38.2%和200.8%。

含钢率对GFRP管-钢骨混凝土组合构件抗冲击性能的影响

为了研究含钢率对GFRP(glass fiber reinforced polymer)管-钢骨混凝土组合构件抗冲击性能的影响,建立15个组合构件的数值模型,在验证模型正确的基础上,通过分析典型构件的冲击全过程、截面弯矩发展以及破坏时应变分布规律,研究构件在侧向冲击荷载作用下的破坏模式;通过分析构件冲击力时程曲线、侧移时程曲线以及能量变化情况,探究含钢率对不同长细比构件抗冲击性能的影响。结果表明:与未配置钢骨的构件相比,GFRP管-钢骨混凝土构件的抗冲击承载力提高了7%~134%,侧向位移减小了13%~68%。在侧向冲击荷载作用下,构件的破坏模式以弯曲破坏为主,同时伴随着GFRP管和混凝土冲击区域的局部破坏,抗弯刚度是影响构件抗冲击性能的主要因素之一。构件的抗冲击承载力随着含钢率的增高而提高,随着构件长细比的增大而降低。含钢率相差1.5%时,截面惯性矩较大的窄翼缘型钢对构件的抗冲击性能更有利。对于长细比大于20的构件,钢骨耗能是组合构件总能耗的主要组成部分。

圆钢管型钢再生混凝土组合柱滞回性能非线性有限元分析

基于圆钢管型钢再生混凝土组合柱低周反复荷载试验研究,采用OpenSees软件对该组合柱进行了滞回性能数值分析,获取了组合柱的滞回曲线及抗震性能指标,并与试验结果进行了比较,验证了组合柱数值模型的合理性。在此基础上,对组合柱的滞回性能开展了参数影响分析。结果表明:再生骨料取代率从0增大到100%,组合柱的峰值荷载下降了7.78%,延性略有降低;提高再生混凝土强度、型钢强度及圆钢管强度,对于提升组合柱的承载力及刚度是有利的,但却使组合柱的脆性增大;随着轴压比的增大,组合柱的承载力呈现先上升后下降的趋势,而延性逐渐变差;型钢配钢率从5.54%增至9.99%,组合柱的峰值荷载提高了24.34%,但对于改善组合柱的延性不明显;增大钢管壁厚对组合柱的承载力和延性均是有利的。

SRPE管-混凝土-钢双壁空心短柱轴压性能试验研究

针对西部盐渍土地区钢筋混凝土桥柱的腐蚀问题,提出“SRPE管-混凝土-钢双壁空心柱”。为研究其轴心受压力学性能,设计制作了6根SRPE管-混凝土-钢双壁空心短柱并进行轴压试验,获得了试件的破坏形态和荷载-位移曲线,进而分析了SRPE管压力等级、空心率和钢管径厚比对试件轴心受压力学性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:试件的破坏形态为中下部剪切破坏;试件极限承载力随SRPE管压力等级提高而增大,随空心率和钢管径厚比增大而减小,且空心率影响大于钢管径厚比。最后给出了SRPE管-混凝土-钢双壁空心短柱的轴心受压承载力计算式,计算结果与试验值吻合良好。

钢管混凝土叠合柱-H型钢梁外套筒式连接节点抗震性能试验与有限元研究

以钢管混凝土叠合柱为研究对象,设计了一种高强对穿螺栓连接的外套筒式梁柱节点。为了研究该新型节点的抗震性能和破坏机理,对3个缩尺比为1∶2的节点进行了拟静力试验。观察节点损伤过程及破坏模式,分析了梁端荷载-位移滞回曲线、骨架曲线、节点延性及耗能能力,采用ABAQUS软件建立有限元模型,研究套筒宽厚比和加强肋板厚度对节点抗震性能影响。试验及有限元研究结果表明:节点滞回曲线饱满,延性系数介于3.13~4.19之间,等效黏滞阻尼系数介于0.211~0.296之间,节点域的变形较大且耗能能力较强;随着套筒厚度增大,核心区混凝土开裂减少,破坏位置由节点外移至梁端截面;减小套筒宽厚比和增大加强肋板厚度可以有效提高节点刚度。为保证外套筒式节点达到刚性节点要求,建议套筒宽厚比不大于25,加强肋板厚度不小于梁翼缘厚度。

基坑装配式内支撑高脚螺栓-模袋混凝土固支端及其承载性能

基坑工程内支撑体系中,混凝土支撑因其承载能力高、布置不受限制、端部节点现浇、整体性良好等优势得以在基坑工程中广泛使用,但混凝土支撑在设计与施工中的弊病也十分显著,存在设计截面过大、施工周期长、污染性强、成本高、浪费严重等问题。因而,针对混凝土支撑在基坑工程中表现出的优势与劣势,并结合地铁明挖车站深基坑工程的特点,设计一种装配式组合钢管混凝土内支撑,从提高端部节点刚度和强度、实现端部固定连接等角度出发,提出一种适应于地铁基坑装配式组合钢管混凝土内支撑的高脚螺栓-模袋混凝土固支端。通过阐明固支端的设计方案、构造特点和工作原理,并将其与混凝土支撑现浇节点进行对比分析,论证了由预埋钢板、空心法兰盘、模袋混凝土和高脚螺栓等特殊构件组成的固支端,在支撑体系中发挥了固定支座的作用;为建立固支端设计与验算的理论依据,通过分析固支端的力学机理、破坏模式及其演变规律,得到固支端的抗压与抗弯承载力的解析方法;为验证固支端承载性能的理论解析方法的可行性,结合数值模拟验证分析了理论与数值结果,并对影响固支端承载性能的主要因素进行参数化分析。

花瓣形钢管混凝土柱轴压受力机理和承载力研究

花瓣形钢管混凝土柱具有造型美观的优点,为具体研究其受力机理和承载力,定义了其截面组成,提出了截面偏移比和截面对称系数以反映花瓣形截面性质,提出在花瓣柱中设置十字形加劲肋以增强其组合效应。基于某工程中墩柱和有限元模型,研究了花瓣形钢管混凝土短柱在轴压荷载作用下的受力机理,分析了加劲肋厚度、混凝土强度、钢材强度、加劲肋开孔直径和间距等参数对轴压性能的影响,研究了加劲肋厚度与钢管壁厚的匹配关系。根据理论分析和大量有限元参数分析结果,建议了加劲肋厚度与钢管壁厚之比和钢管名义径厚比的取值范围,提出了花瓣形钢管混凝土短柱的轴压承载力计算式。

第三系半成岩富水砂岩隧道水平高压旋喷桩复合结构超前预加固研究

在诸如第三系半成岩地层等富水软弱均质地层的隧道建设中,常采用水平高压旋喷桩进行洞内超前预加固,但水平旋喷桩往往因自身抗拉强度低在承受较大荷载时容易发生断裂破坏。依托云南临沧至清水河高速公路王家寨隧道工程,提出了一种在桩体内插入小直径钢管的水平高压旋喷复合结构。通过力学理论分析、数值模拟与现场监测,对比分析了水平高压旋喷桩素桩与复合结构的力学机制与对围岩加固作用,并对钢管布置形式及直径进行优化设计。研究表明:在300 kPa水压下,复合结构相比素桩的挠度值降低了34.8%,最大拉应力降低了37.5%,受力模式明显改善,承受的极限水压力荷载大幅提升至700 kPa,对围岩拱顶沉降、应力也有一定削减作用;增加拱顶钢管布置密度可有效降低桩体拉应力,而减少钢管直径则会导致钢管拉应力增大;建议实际工程中拱顶间隔1根桩体布置108 mm钢管,拱肩间隔2~3根布置89 mm钢管,边墙可不设钢管。

十字形钢管束高强混凝土组合剪力墙的抗剪承载力研究

为研究不同参数对十字形钢管束高强混凝土组合剪力墙抗剪承载力的影响,通过ABAQUS有限元软件建立了十字形钢管束高强混凝土组合剪力墙的有限元模型,重点考察钢材强度、混凝土强度、钢板厚度、钢管厚度、轴压比、墙体长度、墙体高度、腔体长度等参数对此类组合剪力墙抗剪承载力的影响。分析结果表明:随着钢材强度、钢板厚度、钢管厚度、墙体长度的增加和墙体高度的减小,试件的抗剪承载力呈显著增大趋势;随着混凝土强度的提高和腔体长度的减小,试件的抗剪承载力略呈增大趋势;当轴压比较小时(n∈(0,0.3]),轴压比对试件的抗剪承载力有一定的提高作用;当轴压比较大时(n∈(0.3,0.8]),随着轴压比的增加其抗剪承载力逐渐降低。最后,提出了十字形钢管束高强混凝土组合剪力墙的抗剪承载力计算公式。

真空状态不同爆轰工艺下铜钢复合材料界面组织和性能研究

【目的】对热交换领域、电力领域中铜基复合材料在应用过程中出现的高温变形、界面金属间化合物、产品性能不稳定等难点问题进行研究。【方法】在真空状态中,采用不同爆轰工艺对TU1紫铜和Q345R钢进行爆炸复合试验,并对复合材料的金相组织和力学性能进行测试和分析。【结果】由试验结果可知,随着爆轰速度的增大,界面波纹深度也会随之增加。复合材料(Z向)分离强度的平均值为483 MPa、界面剪切强度的平均值为238 MPa、显微硬度的最大值为196 HV,即距界面位置越远,越趋近于本体材料。当爆轰速度为2200 m/s时,断口处出现铜侧粘连现象。【结论】复合材料的各项性能指标均优于组成该复合材料的本体金属,界面处均呈正弦波状结合形态。从界面向本体金属方向来看,晶粒组织呈现出多样化晶体转变的特征。通过进一步对结合界面进行分析,发现该界面未出现氧化物/氮化物等有害物质。

金阳河特大桥超高桥墩设计关键技术

金阳河特大桥主桥为(106+2×200+115+40)m连续刚构桥,位于高山峡谷地带,桥址处50年超越概率10%地震烈度7.7度,5~7号主墩分别高113、196、182 m。针对横桥向抗震响应突出且墩高差异大的特点,主墩采用钢管混凝土组合墩,对墩高较大的6号、7号主墩横桥向双侧放坡,各主墩顺桥向尺寸保持恒定以方便施工,梁端设置粘滞阻尼器以实现顺桥向耗能减震;各主墩刚度经匹配设计,控制截面的地震响应达到合理比例。主墩为外包混凝土的四肢钢管混凝土柱及柱间腹板形成的箱形构造,竖向每间隔12 m设置1道钢筋混凝土横隔板;墩梁固结采用钢管混凝土柱置于主梁0号块腹板外侧的连接构造,钢管混凝土柱与承台连接采用承压板+PBL剪力键的构造。大桥整体结构计算结果表明:持久状况和E2地震作用下,钢管混凝土组合墩满足承载能力极限状态要求,主墩墩顶水平位移小于规范规定的变形容许值。主墩施工先安装钢管骨架,再采用液压爬模工艺施工钢管外包层和柱间腹板,研发了多点同步重型提升系统代替大型塔吊,以降低高空作业安全风险,节省施工费用。

螺旋箍筋约束钢管混凝土组合暗柱剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

研究以钢管等效代替约束边缘构件范围内的纵向受力钢筋,并在钢管外侧滚焊螺旋箍筋代替边缘构件箍筋的新型配置螺旋箍筋约束钢管混凝土组合暗柱的剪力墙结构的抗震性能.考虑高宽比、轴压比等参数设计制作新型配置螺旋箍筋约束组合暗柱的剪力墙与传统钢筋混凝土剪力墙进行低周反复荷载加载试验;分析了剪力墙的破坏形态、滞回性能、耗能能力、延性和刚度退化.研究结果表明:螺旋箍筋约束钢管混凝土组合暗柱对改善中高传统钢筋混凝土剪力墙承载能力和变形能力具有较好的效果,螺旋箍筋约束钢管混凝土组合暗柱的构造形式对耗散地震能量具有较好的作用.

复式钢管混凝土T形件单边螺栓节点承载力研究

T形件单边螺栓连接节点应用到复式钢管混凝土结构中可充分利用双层钢管的截面特点,传力性能好且抗震性能高。对5个节点试件进行柱端水平往复加载试验并进行了数值模拟分析,试验中T形件因加肋方式不同出现了3种变形特征,而节点整体的破坏形态均为T形件屈服后钢梁塑性变形,数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好。根据试验和有限元结果分析了节点传力构件的受力机理,提出T形件受拉模型,分别计算T形件翼缘和加劲肋提供的抗弯承载力,从而得到节点的抗弯极限承载力计算公式,计算结果与试验结果误差较小,与数值模拟结果也十分相近。研究结果表明采用T形件受拉模型计算的节点承载力公式适用于T形件与单边螺栓强度相匹配的情况,T形件加肋形式对节点极限承载力影响最大,其次为T形件翼缘厚度,T形件腹板厚度影响很小;此外随着T形件翼缘厚度的增加节点承载力提高越来越小,故得出了单边螺栓直径与T形件翼缘厚度的最大临界值和最佳匹配值,为该节点工程应用提供理论参考和设计依据。