Infrared Spectral Studies of Copper-Containing Film on the Steel Sample

Infrared spectral studies of copper-containing film from steel sample (worn in pair with brass in glycerol) friction zone are performed in the study. The protective film formed by the interaction of the friction triad having functional groups typical for macromolecular compounds is shown.

Bioceramic scaffolds with two-step internal/external modification of copper-containing polydopamine enhance antibacterial and alveolar bone regeneration capability

Magnesium-doped calcium silicate(CS)bioceramic scaffolds have unique advantages in mandibular defect repair;however,they lack antibacterial properties to cope with the complex oral microbiome.Herein,for the first time,the CS scaffold was functionally modified with a novel copper-containing polydopamine(PDA(Cu^(2+)))rapid deposition method,to construct internally modified(*P),externally modified(@PDA),and dually modified(*P@PDA)scaffolds.The morphology,degradation behavior,and mechanical properties of the obtained scaffolds were evaluated in vitro.The results showed that the CS*P@PDA had a unique micro-/nano-structural surface and appreciable mechanical resistance.During the prolonged immersion stage,the release of copper ions from the CS*P@PDA scaffolds was rapid in the early stage and exhibited long-term sustained release.The in vitro evaluation revealed that the release behavior of copper ions ascribed an excellent antibacterial effect to the CS*P@PDA,while the scaffolds retained good cytocompatibility with improved osteogenesis and angiogenesis effects.Finally,the PDA(Cu^(2+))-modified scaffolds showed effective early bone regeneration in a critical-size rabbit mandibular defect model.Overall,it was indicated that considerable antibacterial property along with the enhancement of alveolar bone regeneration can be imparted to the scaffold by the two-step PDA(Cu^(2+))modification,and the convenience and wide applicability of this technique make it a promising strategy to avoid bacterial infections on implants.

Dietary copper requirement of broilers fed a corn-soybean meal diet during 22—42 d of age

This research was to assess the dietary copper(Cu)requirement of broiler chickens fed a practical cornsoybean meal diet during 22—42 d of age.A total of 288 numbered Arbor Acres male broilers at 22 d of age were randomly allotted 6 treatments with 8 replicate cages(6 broilers per cage)per treatment.Broilers were fed a Cu-unsupplemented corn-soybean meal basal diet(control,containing 7.36 mg Cu/kg)or the basal diet added with 3,6,9,12,or 15 mg Cu/kg from CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O for 21 d.Quadratic,asymptotic and broken-line models were fitted and the best fitted models were selected to determine dietary Cu requirements.The results revealed that the contents of Cu in serum and liver,m RNA expression levels of Cu-and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase(CuZnSOD)in liver and monoamine oxidase b(MAO B)in heart,as well as protein expression level of CuZnSOD in liver were affected(P<0.05)by supplemental Cu levels,and the above indices varied linearly and quadratically(P<0.05)with increasing Cu levels.Dietary Cu requirements assessed according to the best fitted broken-line models(P<0.05)of the above indexes were 10.45—13.81 mg/kg.It was concluded that mRNA expression levels of CuZnSOD in liver and MAO B in heart,as well as liver CuZnSOD protein expression level were new specific sensitive biomarkers for estimating dietary Cu requirements,and the dietary Cu requirement was recommended to be 14 mg/kg to support Cu metabolic needs related to key Cucontaining enzymes in broilers fed the corn-soybean meal diet during 22—42 d of age,which was higher than the dietary Cu requirement(8 mg/kg)for broilers at the corresponding stage suggested by the Chinese Feeding Standard of Chicken.

Trichloroethylene Dechlorination by Copper-contained Zero-valent Iron Slurry

Zero valent iron technology has been widely used for treating contaminated wastewater these years. However, it always results in inefficiency in the processes of drying and storage due to oxidation and passivation. This could be avoided by in situ synthesized zero valent iron slurry in an emergency if it possesses the same performance as zero valent iron. In this study, iron slurry was synthesized and directly used for dechlorinating trichloroe- thylene to measure its degradation efficiencies and properties. Results show that 2%（mass ratio） copper-contained zero-valent iron slurry exhibits the optimal performance compared with the other iron slurries. Batch experiments in- dicate that factors such as the concentration of trichloroethylene, pH, dissolved oxygen and equilibrium to a certain extent affect the reduction oftrichloroethylene by 2%（mass ratio） copper-contained zero-valent iron slurry. Persistent, high-efficiency degradation performance could last 7 cycles. These demonstrate that the application of coppercontained zero-valent iron slurry in treating trichloroethylene-contained wastewater is realistic.

Large-scale Growth of Copper Oxide Nanowires on Various Copper Substrates

Large-scale growth of copper oxide nanowires was realized on surfaces of various copper-containing substrates, including copper grids, high-purity copper foils, and small copper blocks, by the stress-induced method. A relatively low heating temperature of 340 ~C was demonstrated to give rise to dense nanowire growth with fine crystal structures and high aspect ratio of approximately 300. Gradual cooling process, which is positive for the growth of nanowires on multi-layer substrates, is shown to have no effect on the nanowire growth on other pure copper substrates. Diameter of as-obtained nanowires is mainly dependent on the heating temperature. Moreover, the nanowires growing on copper grids are much longer than those growing on two other substrates.