Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are considered highly promising as next-generation energy storage systems due to high theoretical capacity(2600 Wh kg^(-1))and energy density(1675 mA h g^(-1))as well as the abundant natu...Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are considered highly promising as next-generation energy storage systems due to high theoretical capacity(2600 Wh kg^(-1))and energy density(1675 mA h g^(-1))as well as the abundant natural reserves,low cost of elemental sulfur,and environmentally friendly properties.However,several challenges impede its commercialization including low conductivity of sulfur itself,the severe“shuttle effect”caused by lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)during charge–discharge processes,volume expansion effects and sluggish reaction kinetics.As a solution,polar metal particles and their compounds have been introduced as the main hosts for sulfur cathode due to their robust catalytic activity and adsorption capability,effectively suppressing the“shuttle effect”of Li PSs.Bimetallic alloys and their compounds with multi-functional properties exhibit remarkable electrochemical performance more readily when compared to single-metal materials.Well-designed bimetallic materials demonstrate larger specific surface areas and richer active sites,enabling simultaneous high adsorption capability and strong catalytic properties.The synergistic effect of the“adsorption-catalysis”sites accelerates the adsorptiondiffusion-conversion process of Li PSs,ultimately achieving a long-lasting Li-S battery.Herein,the latest progress and performance of bimetallic materials in cathodes,separators,and interlayers of Li-S batteries are systematically reviewed.Firstly,the principles and challenges of Li-S batteries are briefly analyzed.Then,various mechanisms for suppressing“shuttle effects”of Li PSs are emphasized at the microscale.Subsequently,the performance parameters of various bimetallic materials are comprehensively summarized,and some improvement strategies are proposed based on these findings.Finally,the future prospects of bimetallic materials are discussed,with the hope of providing profound insights for the rational design and manufacturing of high-performance bimetallic materials for LSBs.展开更多
Bimetallic composite material of bainitic steel and PD3 steel was produced with electroslag casting process, and element distribution of its composite interface was investigated by theoretical calculation and energy d...Bimetallic composite material of bainitic steel and PD3 steel was produced with electroslag casting process, and element distribution of its composite interface was investigated by theoretical calculation and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS). Results show that the tensile strength(1,450 MPa), hardness(HRC 41-47) and impact toughness(94.7J·cm^(-2)) of bainitic steel were comparatively high, while its elongation was slightly low(4.0%). Tensile strength(1,100 MPa), hardness(>HRC 31) and elongation(7.72%) of the interface were also relatively high, but its impact toughness was low at 20.4 J·cm^(-2). Results of theoretical calculation of the element distribution in the interface region were basically consistent with that of EDS. Therefore, electroslag casting is a practical process to produce bimetallic composite material of bainitic steel and PD3 steel, and theoretical calculation also is a feasible method to study element distribution of their interface.展开更多
We focused on Ti/Al composite materials fabricated by wire and arc addictive manufacturing,and the microstructure and interface characteristics of them before and after hot compression deformation were compared.After ...We focused on Ti/Al composite materials fabricated by wire and arc addictive manufacturing,and the microstructure and interface characteristics of them before and after hot compression deformation were compared.After compression deformation,allαstructures of titanium were compacted with the emergence of Widmanstatten structures.Coarsened coloniesαof titanium were elongated and waved along the original growth direction,resulting in anisotropy of grains.Pores and Ti/Al intermetallic compounds of aluminum are significantly decreased after hot compression.Meanwhile,a good bonding interface between titanium and aluminum is obtained after hot compression,and the element diffusion is more intense.In addition,the mechanical properties and fracture behaviors of Ti/Al composite material with different clad ratio that is defined as the ratio of the thickness of titanium to that of the Ti/Al composite material are investigated by uniaxial tensile test.The experimental results show that the ultimate tensile strength of Ti/Al composite material is between that of single deposited titanium and aluminum,while the elongation of Ti/Al composite material with low clad ratio is lower than that of single aluminum due to the metallurgical reaction.As the clad ratio increases,the two component layers are harder to separate during deformation,which is resulted from the decrease of the inward contraction stress of three-dimensional stress caused by necking of aluminum.This work may promote the engineering application of Ti/Al bimetallic structures.展开更多
In this study,a MOF-derived bimetallic Co@NiO catalyst was synthesized and doped into MgH_(2)to improve the hydrogen desorption and resorption kinetics.The Co@NiO catalyst decreased the onset dehydrogenation temperatu...In this study,a MOF-derived bimetallic Co@NiO catalyst was synthesized and doped into MgH_(2)to improve the hydrogen desorption and resorption kinetics.The Co@NiO catalyst decreased the onset dehydrogenation temperature of MgH_(2)by 160℃,compared with un-doped MgH_(2).The MgH^(2+)9%(mass)Co@NiO composite released 6.6%(mass)hydrogen in 350 s at 315℃and uptook 5.4%(mass)hydrogen in500 s at 165℃,showing greatly accelerated de/rehydrogenation rates.Besides,the desorption activation energy of MgH^(2+)9%(mass)Co@NiO was decreased to(93.8±8.4)kJ·mol^(-1).Noteworthy,symbiotic Mg_(2)NiH_(4)/Mg_(2)CoH_(5)clusters were in-situ formed from bimetallic precursors and inlaid on MgH_(2)surface,which are considered as"multi-step hydrogen pumps",and provides surface pathways for hydrogen absorption.Meanwhile,the introduced Mg_(2)NiH_(4)/Mg_(2)CoH_(5)interfaces could provide numerous low energy barrier H diffusion channels,therefore accelerating the hydrogen release and uptake.This research proposes new insights to design high-efficiency bimetallic catalyst for MgH_(2)hydrogen storage.展开更多
Understanding the crystal phase evolution of bimetallic oxide anodes is the main concern to profoundly reveal the conversion reaction kinetics and sodium-ion storage mechanisms.Herein,an integrated selfsupporting anod...Understanding the crystal phase evolution of bimetallic oxide anodes is the main concern to profoundly reveal the conversion reaction kinetics and sodium-ion storage mechanisms.Herein,an integrated selfsupporting anode of the Cu-decorated Cu-Mn bimetallic oxides with oxygen vacancies(Ov-BMO-Cu)are in-situ generated by phase separation and hydrogen etching using nanoporous Cu-Mn alloy as selfsacrificial templates.On this basis,we have elucidated the relationship between the phase evolution,oxygen vacancies and sodium-ion storage mechanisms,further demonstrating the evolution of oxygen vacancies and the inhibition effect of manganese oxides as an“anchor”on grain aggregation of copper oxides.The kinetic analyses confirm that the expanded lattice space and increased oxygen vacancies of cycled Ov-BMO-Cu synergistically guarantee effective sodium-ion diffusion and storage mechanisms.Therefore,the Ov-BMO-Cu electrode exhibits higher reversible capacities of 4.04 mA h cm^(-2)at 0.2 mA cm^(-2)after 100 cycles and 2.20 m A h cm^(-2)at 1.0 mA cm^(-2)after 500 cycles.Besides,the presodiated Ov-BMO-Cu anode delivers a considerable reversible capacity of 0.79 m A h cm^(-2)at 1.0 mA cm^(-2)after 60 cycles in full cells with Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)cathode,confirming its outstanding practicality.Thus,this work is expected to provide enlightenment for designing high-capacity bimetallic oxide anodes.展开更多
The application of transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)as anode materials in sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) has been hindered by low conductivity and poor cyclability.Herein,we report the synthesis of CoxFe1-xS2 bimetal...The application of transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)as anode materials in sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) has been hindered by low conductivity and poor cyclability.Herein,we report the synthesis of CoxFe1-xS2 bimetallic sulfide/sulfur-doped Ti3C2 MXene nanocomposites(CoxFe1-xS2@S-Ti3C2)by a facile co-precipitation process and thermal-sulfurization reaction.The interconnected 3D frameworks consisting of MXene nanosheets can effectively buffer the volume change and enhance the charge transfer.In particular,sulfur-doped MXene nanosheets provide rich active sites for sodium storage and restrain sulfur loss during charging/discharging processes,leading the increase of specific capacity and cycling the stability of anode materials.As a result,CoxFe1-xS2@S-Ti3C2 anodes exhibited high capacity,high rate capability and long cycle life(399mA·h/g at 5A/g with an 94% capacity retention after 600 cycles).展开更多
Heterobimetallic alkoxides are broadly recognized as versatile precursors for luminescence materials, and efforts are being made to develop novel routes by applying the concept of geometrical molecular design, for the...Heterobimetallic alkoxides are broadly recognized as versatile precursors for luminescence materials, and efforts are being made to develop novel routes by applying the concept of geometrical molecular design, for their synthesis and to design a single source precursor suited to photoluminescent materials. Novel and new series of bimetallic alkoxides has been prepared by metathesis route. They exhibit a lower sensitivity towards hydrolysis and so they are easier to handle as compared to other alkoxides. All the compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and multinuclear NMR spectroscopies. FT-IR revealed that the molecular structure of these metal alkoxides was retained to a large extent in 4 ： 1 halogenated alcohol-benzene solution. The heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy provided useful information about chemical shifts for better understanding the likely structure based on interactions with their coordinate metals. The mass spectra show similar types of fragmentation pattern. SEM-EDS analyses showed consistency with the formulation. XRD patterns show an enhanced homogeneity at high temperature. TGA measurements show that thermal decomposition occured in steps that depended entirely on the chemical compositions and the synthesis routes. SEM observation reveals that the morphology and particle size strongly depend on synthesis routes for their precursors.展开更多
Rechargeable alkaline aqueous zinc batteries(RAZBs)have attracted increasing attention.However,most RAZBs are hindered by the limited availability of cathode materials.The practical electrochemical performance of most...Rechargeable alkaline aqueous zinc batteries(RAZBs)have attracted increasing attention.However,most RAZBs are hindered by the limited availability of cathode materials.The practical electrochemical performance of most cathode materials is lower than the theoretical value due to their poor electrical conductivity and low utilization capacity.In this work,we develop a facile hydrothermal procedure to prepare highly uniform bimetallic sulfides as novel cathode materials for RAZBs.Copper-cobalt binary metallic oxides materials possess higher conductivity and larger capacity compared with their mono-metal oxides compounds due to bimetallic synergistic effects and multiple oxidation states.Furthermore,bimetallic sulfide compounds have smaller bond energy and longer bond length than their oxides,leading to less structural damage,faster kinetics of electrochemical reactions,and better stability.The as-prepared Co-Cu bimetallic sulfides show enhanced electrochemical performance due to various valences of Co and Cu as well as the existence of S.As a result,aqueous Zn/CuCo_(2)S_(4) battery shows a high specific capacity of 117.4 mAh/g at 4 A/g and a good cycle life of over 8000 cycles.Based on PANa hydrogel electrolytes,a flexible Zn/CuCo_(2)S_(4) battery demonstrates excellent cycling stability.This battery can also meet the requirements of electronic devices with different shapes and performs well in extreme environments,such as freezing,drilling,and hammering.This work opens new avenues to obtain high-rate and long-life cathode materials for RAZBs by utilizing the synergistic effects of bimetallic sulfides and provides a new platform for flexible energy storage devices.展开更多
The photothermal conversion capacity of pristine organic phase change materials(PCMs)is inherently insufficient in solar energy utilization.To upgrade their photothermal conversion capacity,we developed bimetallic zeo...The photothermal conversion capacity of pristine organic phase change materials(PCMs)is inherently insufficient in solar energy utilization.To upgrade their photothermal conversion capacity,we developed bimetallic zeolitic imidazolate framework(ZIF)derived Co/N co-doped flower-like carbon(Co/N-FLC)-based composite PCMs toward solar energy harvesting.3D interconnected carbon framework with low interfacial thermal resistance,abundant carbon defects and high content of nitrogen doping,excellent localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR)effect of Co nanoparticles,and light absorber Co_(3)ZnC in Co/N-FLC synergistically upgrade the photothermal capacity of(polyethylene glycol)PEG@Co/N-FLC composite PCMs with an ultrahigh photothermal conversion efficiency of 94.8%under 0.16 W/cm^(2).Uniformly anchored Co and Co_(3)ZnC nanoparticles in carbon framework guarantee excellent photon capture ability.Bridging carbon nanotubes(CNTs)in 2D carbon nanosheets further accelerate the rapid transport of phonons by constructing cross-connected heat transfer paths.Additionally,PEG@Co/N-FLC exhibits a thermal energy storage density of 100.69 J/g and excellent thermal stability and durable reliability.Therefore,PEG@Co/N-FLC composite PCMs are promising candidates to accelerate the efficient utilization of solar energy.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52203066,51973157,61904123)the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation (18JCQNJC02900)+3 种基金National innovation and entrepreneurship training program for college students (202310058007)Tianjin Municipal college students’innovation and entrepreneurship training program (202310058088)the Science&Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education (Grant No.2018KJ196)State Key Laboratory of Membrane and Membrane Separation,Tiangong University。
文摘Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are considered highly promising as next-generation energy storage systems due to high theoretical capacity(2600 Wh kg^(-1))and energy density(1675 mA h g^(-1))as well as the abundant natural reserves,low cost of elemental sulfur,and environmentally friendly properties.However,several challenges impede its commercialization including low conductivity of sulfur itself,the severe“shuttle effect”caused by lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)during charge–discharge processes,volume expansion effects and sluggish reaction kinetics.As a solution,polar metal particles and their compounds have been introduced as the main hosts for sulfur cathode due to their robust catalytic activity and adsorption capability,effectively suppressing the“shuttle effect”of Li PSs.Bimetallic alloys and their compounds with multi-functional properties exhibit remarkable electrochemical performance more readily when compared to single-metal materials.Well-designed bimetallic materials demonstrate larger specific surface areas and richer active sites,enabling simultaneous high adsorption capability and strong catalytic properties.The synergistic effect of the“adsorption-catalysis”sites accelerates the adsorptiondiffusion-conversion process of Li PSs,ultimately achieving a long-lasting Li-S battery.Herein,the latest progress and performance of bimetallic materials in cathodes,separators,and interlayers of Li-S batteries are systematically reviewed.Firstly,the principles and challenges of Li-S batteries are briefly analyzed.Then,various mechanisms for suppressing“shuttle effects”of Li PSs are emphasized at the microscale.Subsequently,the performance parameters of various bimetallic materials are comprehensively summarized,and some improvement strategies are proposed based on these findings.Finally,the future prospects of bimetallic materials are discussed,with the hope of providing profound insights for the rational design and manufacturing of high-performance bimetallic materials for LSBs.
基金financially supported by the Hebei Province Science and Technology Support Program(No.14211007D)
文摘Bimetallic composite material of bainitic steel and PD3 steel was produced with electroslag casting process, and element distribution of its composite interface was investigated by theoretical calculation and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS). Results show that the tensile strength(1,450 MPa), hardness(HRC 41-47) and impact toughness(94.7J·cm^(-2)) of bainitic steel were comparatively high, while its elongation was slightly low(4.0%). Tensile strength(1,100 MPa), hardness(>HRC 31) and elongation(7.72%) of the interface were also relatively high, but its impact toughness was low at 20.4 J·cm^(-2). Results of theoretical calculation of the element distribution in the interface region were basically consistent with that of EDS. Therefore, electroslag casting is a practical process to produce bimetallic composite material of bainitic steel and PD3 steel, and theoretical calculation also is a feasible method to study element distribution of their interface.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51775068)。
文摘We focused on Ti/Al composite materials fabricated by wire and arc addictive manufacturing,and the microstructure and interface characteristics of them before and after hot compression deformation were compared.After compression deformation,allαstructures of titanium were compacted with the emergence of Widmanstatten structures.Coarsened coloniesαof titanium were elongated and waved along the original growth direction,resulting in anisotropy of grains.Pores and Ti/Al intermetallic compounds of aluminum are significantly decreased after hot compression.Meanwhile,a good bonding interface between titanium and aluminum is obtained after hot compression,and the element diffusion is more intense.In addition,the mechanical properties and fracture behaviors of Ti/Al composite material with different clad ratio that is defined as the ratio of the thickness of titanium to that of the Ti/Al composite material are investigated by uniaxial tensile test.The experimental results show that the ultimate tensile strength of Ti/Al composite material is between that of single deposited titanium and aluminum,while the elongation of Ti/Al composite material with low clad ratio is lower than that of single aluminum due to the metallurgical reaction.As the clad ratio increases,the two component layers are harder to separate during deformation,which is resulted from the decrease of the inward contraction stress of three-dimensional stress caused by necking of aluminum.This work may promote the engineering application of Ti/Al bimetallic structures.
基金financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51801078)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210884)。
文摘In this study,a MOF-derived bimetallic Co@NiO catalyst was synthesized and doped into MgH_(2)to improve the hydrogen desorption and resorption kinetics.The Co@NiO catalyst decreased the onset dehydrogenation temperature of MgH_(2)by 160℃,compared with un-doped MgH_(2).The MgH^(2+)9%(mass)Co@NiO composite released 6.6%(mass)hydrogen in 350 s at 315℃and uptook 5.4%(mass)hydrogen in500 s at 165℃,showing greatly accelerated de/rehydrogenation rates.Besides,the desorption activation energy of MgH^(2+)9%(mass)Co@NiO was decreased to(93.8±8.4)kJ·mol^(-1).Noteworthy,symbiotic Mg_(2)NiH_(4)/Mg_(2)CoH_(5)clusters were in-situ formed from bimetallic precursors and inlaid on MgH_(2)surface,which are considered as"multi-step hydrogen pumps",and provides surface pathways for hydrogen absorption.Meanwhile,the introduced Mg_(2)NiH_(4)/Mg_(2)CoH_(5)interfaces could provide numerous low energy barrier H diffusion channels,therefore accelerating the hydrogen release and uptake.This research proposes new insights to design high-efficiency bimetallic catalyst for MgH_(2)hydrogen storage.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(5207123251871165)。
文摘Understanding the crystal phase evolution of bimetallic oxide anodes is the main concern to profoundly reveal the conversion reaction kinetics and sodium-ion storage mechanisms.Herein,an integrated selfsupporting anode of the Cu-decorated Cu-Mn bimetallic oxides with oxygen vacancies(Ov-BMO-Cu)are in-situ generated by phase separation and hydrogen etching using nanoporous Cu-Mn alloy as selfsacrificial templates.On this basis,we have elucidated the relationship between the phase evolution,oxygen vacancies and sodium-ion storage mechanisms,further demonstrating the evolution of oxygen vacancies and the inhibition effect of manganese oxides as an“anchor”on grain aggregation of copper oxides.The kinetic analyses confirm that the expanded lattice space and increased oxygen vacancies of cycled Ov-BMO-Cu synergistically guarantee effective sodium-ion diffusion and storage mechanisms.Therefore,the Ov-BMO-Cu electrode exhibits higher reversible capacities of 4.04 mA h cm^(-2)at 0.2 mA cm^(-2)after 100 cycles and 2.20 m A h cm^(-2)at 1.0 mA cm^(-2)after 500 cycles.Besides,the presodiated Ov-BMO-Cu anode delivers a considerable reversible capacity of 0.79 m A h cm^(-2)at 1.0 mA cm^(-2)after 60 cycles in full cells with Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)cathode,confirming its outstanding practicality.Thus,this work is expected to provide enlightenment for designing high-capacity bimetallic oxide anodes.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21573110)the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD),China。
文摘The application of transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)as anode materials in sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) has been hindered by low conductivity and poor cyclability.Herein,we report the synthesis of CoxFe1-xS2 bimetallic sulfide/sulfur-doped Ti3C2 MXene nanocomposites(CoxFe1-xS2@S-Ti3C2)by a facile co-precipitation process and thermal-sulfurization reaction.The interconnected 3D frameworks consisting of MXene nanosheets can effectively buffer the volume change and enhance the charge transfer.In particular,sulfur-doped MXene nanosheets provide rich active sites for sodium storage and restrain sulfur loss during charging/discharging processes,leading the increase of specific capacity and cycling the stability of anode materials.As a result,CoxFe1-xS2@S-Ti3C2 anodes exhibited high capacity,high rate capability and long cycle life(399mA·h/g at 5A/g with an 94% capacity retention after 600 cycles).
文摘Heterobimetallic alkoxides are broadly recognized as versatile precursors for luminescence materials, and efforts are being made to develop novel routes by applying the concept of geometrical molecular design, for their synthesis and to design a single source precursor suited to photoluminescent materials. Novel and new series of bimetallic alkoxides has been prepared by metathesis route. They exhibit a lower sensitivity towards hydrolysis and so they are easier to handle as compared to other alkoxides. All the compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and multinuclear NMR spectroscopies. FT-IR revealed that the molecular structure of these metal alkoxides was retained to a large extent in 4 ： 1 halogenated alcohol-benzene solution. The heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy provided useful information about chemical shifts for better understanding the likely structure based on interactions with their coordinate metals. The mass spectra show similar types of fragmentation pattern. SEM-EDS analyses showed consistency with the formulation. XRD patterns show an enhanced homogeneity at high temperature. TGA measurements show that thermal decomposition occured in steps that depended entirely on the chemical compositions and the synthesis routes. SEM observation reveals that the morphology and particle size strongly depend on synthesis routes for their precursors.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22005207)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2019A1515011819,2020A1515110442)。
文摘Rechargeable alkaline aqueous zinc batteries(RAZBs)have attracted increasing attention.However,most RAZBs are hindered by the limited availability of cathode materials.The practical electrochemical performance of most cathode materials is lower than the theoretical value due to their poor electrical conductivity and low utilization capacity.In this work,we develop a facile hydrothermal procedure to prepare highly uniform bimetallic sulfides as novel cathode materials for RAZBs.Copper-cobalt binary metallic oxides materials possess higher conductivity and larger capacity compared with their mono-metal oxides compounds due to bimetallic synergistic effects and multiple oxidation states.Furthermore,bimetallic sulfide compounds have smaller bond energy and longer bond length than their oxides,leading to less structural damage,faster kinetics of electrochemical reactions,and better stability.The as-prepared Co-Cu bimetallic sulfides show enhanced electrochemical performance due to various valences of Co and Cu as well as the existence of S.As a result,aqueous Zn/CuCo_(2)S_(4) battery shows a high specific capacity of 117.4 mAh/g at 4 A/g and a good cycle life of over 8000 cycles.Based on PANa hydrogel electrolytes,a flexible Zn/CuCo_(2)S_(4) battery demonstrates excellent cycling stability.This battery can also meet the requirements of electronic devices with different shapes and performs well in extreme environments,such as freezing,drilling,and hammering.This work opens new avenues to obtain high-rate and long-life cathode materials for RAZBs by utilizing the synergistic effects of bimetallic sulfides and provides a new platform for flexible energy storage devices.
基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2232053National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:51902025。
文摘The photothermal conversion capacity of pristine organic phase change materials(PCMs)is inherently insufficient in solar energy utilization.To upgrade their photothermal conversion capacity,we developed bimetallic zeolitic imidazolate framework(ZIF)derived Co/N co-doped flower-like carbon(Co/N-FLC)-based composite PCMs toward solar energy harvesting.3D interconnected carbon framework with low interfacial thermal resistance,abundant carbon defects and high content of nitrogen doping,excellent localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR)effect of Co nanoparticles,and light absorber Co_(3)ZnC in Co/N-FLC synergistically upgrade the photothermal capacity of(polyethylene glycol)PEG@Co/N-FLC composite PCMs with an ultrahigh photothermal conversion efficiency of 94.8%under 0.16 W/cm^(2).Uniformly anchored Co and Co_(3)ZnC nanoparticles in carbon framework guarantee excellent photon capture ability.Bridging carbon nanotubes(CNTs)in 2D carbon nanosheets further accelerate the rapid transport of phonons by constructing cross-connected heat transfer paths.Additionally,PEG@Co/N-FLC exhibits a thermal energy storage density of 100.69 J/g and excellent thermal stability and durable reliability.Therefore,PEG@Co/N-FLC composite PCMs are promising candidates to accelerate the efficient utilization of solar energy.
