Protective mechanism of Coprinus comatus polysaccharide on acute alcoholic liver injury in mice,the metabolomics and gut microbiota investigation

Coprinus comatus polysaccharide(CCP)has significant hepatoprotective effect.To explore hepatoprotective mechanism of CCP,the study analyzed preventive effect of CCP on acute alcoholic liver injury in mice by histopathological examination and biochemical analysis.Simultaneously,hepatoprotective mechanism was also analyzed in conjunction with metabolomics and proliferation of gut microbiota.The results showed that CCP significantly decreased alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and triglyceride(TG)levels in serum of alcoholic liver disease(ALD)mice.Histopathological examination showed that CCP can significantly improve liver damage.Metabolomics results showed that there were significant differences in the level of metabolites in liver tissue of control group,ALD group and CCP group,including taurine,xanthosine,fumaric acid and arachidonic acid,among others.Metabolites pathways analysis showed that hepatoprotective effect of CCP was related to energy metabolism,biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids,amino acids metabolism and lipid metabolism.Additionally,CCP inhibited an increase in the number of Clostridium perfringens,Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus,and a decrease in the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the gut of ALD mice.All these findings suggested that CCP treatment reversed the phenotype of ethanol-induced liver injury and the associated metabolites pathways.

Postharvest quality and reactive oxygen species metabolism improvement of Coprinus comatus mushroom using allyl isothiocyanate fumigation

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of allyl isothiocyanate(AITC)on the reactive oxygen species(ROS)metabolism and quality of postharvest Coprinus comatus(C.comatus).Fresh mushrooms were stored at 4℃with AITC at 5,10,and 20μL/L for 18 d,respectively.Sampling was performed every 3 d,and physicochemical parameters and ROS metabolism related enzymes activities were analyzed.Compared with the control,the application of AITC at 10μL/L significantly(P<0.05)decreased xanthine oxidase activity after 9 d of storage,while it significantly(P<0.05)improved the activities of succinic dehydrogenase,glutathione reductase,peroxidase,catalase,and ascorbate peroxidase in the middle and later stages of storage.Furthermore,the Ca^(2+)-ATPase and superoxide dismutase activities in sample treated by 10μL/L were all significantly(P<0.05)higher than those in the control.Therefore,the accumulation trends of malondialdehyde and ROS were retarded and membrane integrity was maintained.However,high-concentration AITC(20μL/L)treatment accelerated the ROS generation and increased electrolyte leakage rate.All AITC treatments significantly(P<0.05)inhibited the respiration rate during the first 9 d of storage and retarded browning of C.comatus during the storage of 18 d.These findings suggested that AITC treatment would be a promising method to maintain C.comatus quality,but the concentrations need to be optimized.