The presence of Li_(2)Si_(2)O_(5) and LiAlSi_(4)O_(10) could effectively improve the elastic modulus and transmittance of lithium disilicate(LD)glass-ceramics.Through synergistically modulation of the crystal content ...The presence of Li_(2)Si_(2)O_(5) and LiAlSi_(4)O_(10) could effectively improve the elastic modulus and transmittance of lithium disilicate(LD)glass-ceramics.Through synergistically modulation of the crystal content and grain size,we obtained high strength and high transmittance of LD glass-ceramics.The optimal sample had a high transmittance of 90.3%,the hardness was 7.72 GPa,the fracture toughness was 1.07 MPa·m^(1/2),and the elastic modulus was 103.1 GPa.展开更多
In this study,transparent K_(2)O-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)(KAS)glass-ceramics with leucite as the main crystalline phase were prepared by melting-quench method and two-step heat treatment.The effects of SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) ...In this study,transparent K_(2)O-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)(KAS)glass-ceramics with leucite as the main crystalline phase were prepared by melting-quench method and two-step heat treatment.The effects of SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) ratio and heat treatment on crystallization and mechanical properties were studied.The crystallization kinetics and X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)results showed that SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) ratio and heat treatment system had a direct impact on the crystallization behavior of potassium aluminosilicate glass-ceramics.When heat-treated at 680℃/2 h and 780℃/1 h,cracks generated on the surface of the sample with the addition of SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)=4.8(in mol)due to the huge difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between glass matrix and surface.When the addition of SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)(in mol)was 4,the sample with leucite as the main crystalline phase showed an excellent fracture toughness(1.46 MPa·m^(0.5))after the heat treatment of 680℃/2 h and 780℃/5 h.And there was a phase transformation from kaliophilite to leucite.The crystalline phases of the sample heat-treated at 680℃/8 h and 780℃/1 h were leucite and kaliophilite,which resulted in the visible light transmittance of 63%and the fracture toughness of 0.91 MPa·m^(0.5).Furthermore,after the heat treatment of 680℃/2 h and 780℃/5 h,the main crystalline phase of the sample with SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)=3.2(in mol)was still kaliophilite.Because leucite only grows on the surface of the sample and is hard to grow inward,it is hard to achieve the bulk crystallization of leucite in the sample with SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)=3.2(in mol).展开更多
The glass-ceramics were prepared with the spodumene mineral as the main raw material,and the effects of ZrO_(2)replacing TiO_(2)on the samples were systematically investigated.The results show that the substitution of...The glass-ceramics were prepared with the spodumene mineral as the main raw material,and the effects of ZrO_(2)replacing TiO_(2)on the samples were systematically investigated.The results show that the substitution of ZrO_(2)for TiO_(2)is not conductive to precipitate𝛽β-quartz solid solution phase,but can improve the transparency and flexural strength of glass-ceramics.And the glass-ceramic with the highest visible light transmittance(87%)and flexural strength(231.80 MPa)exhibits an ultra-low thermal expansion of-0.028×10^(-7)K^(-1)in the region of 30-700℃.展开更多
Boron for aluminum substitution in the cordierite structure has been examined by sol-gel preparation of different samples along the compositional junction Mg2Al4-xBxSi5O18 with x=0,0.5,1,1.5.By increasing the x value ...Boron for aluminum substitution in the cordierite structure has been examined by sol-gel preparation of different samples along the compositional junction Mg2Al4-xBxSi5O18 with x=0,0.5,1,1.5.By increasing the x value from 0 to 1.5 the crystallization behavior changed accordingly.Proper amount B2O3 doping can promote the sintering of amorphous cordierite gel,effectively restrain the precipitation of μ-cordierite and enhance the crystallization of α-cordierite.The substitution of B3+ for Al3+ in cordierite crystal structure can effectively improve the near-infrared spectral emissivity of this cordierite based glass-ceramics.展开更多
The effects of rare earth oxide on the sintering and dielectric property of cordierite-based glass-ceramics with non-stoichiometric composition prepared by quenching of molten droplets were investigated. The results s...The effects of rare earth oxide on the sintering and dielectric property of cordierite-based glass-ceramics with non-stoichiometric composition prepared by quenching of molten droplets were investigated. The results show that the addition of rare earth oxide can lower the sintering temperature of cordierite glass-ceramics, improve the densification process and obviously reduce sintering activation energy. It is found that the densification of cordierite-based glass-ceramics is a liquid phase sintering process. The dielectric constant of the sintered compacts enhances with the increase of the density. When the sintering temperature is identical, the rare earth addition is found to have a noticeable effect on the dielectric loss of glass-ceramics. The properties of the glass-ceramics containing rare earth oxide appear to be correct for low firing temperature substrates.展开更多
There is a perpetual pursuit for free-form glasses and ceramics featuring outstanding mechanical properties as well as chemical and thermal resistance.It is a promising idea to shape inorganic materials in three-dimen...There is a perpetual pursuit for free-form glasses and ceramics featuring outstanding mechanical properties as well as chemical and thermal resistance.It is a promising idea to shape inorganic materials in three-dimensional(3D)forms to reduce their weight while maintaining high mechanical properties.A popular strategy for the preparation of 3D inorganic materials is to mold the organic–inorganic hybrid photoresists into 3D micro-and nano-structures and remove the organic components by subsequent sintering.However,due to the discrete arrangement of inorganic components in the organic-inorganic hybrid photoresists,it remains a huge challenge to attain isotropic shrinkage during sintering.Herein,we demonstrate the isotropic sintering shrinkage by forming the consecutive–Si–O–Si–O–Zr–O–inorganic backbone in photoresists and fabricating 3D glass–ceramic nanolattices with enhanced mechanical properties.The femtosecond(fs)laser is used in two-photon polymerization(TPP)to fabricate 3D green body structures.After subsequent sintering at 1000℃,high-quality 3D glass–ceramic microstructures can be obtained with perfectly intact and smooth morphology.In-suit compression experiments and finite-element simulations reveal that octahedral-truss(oct-truss)lattices possess remarkable adeptness in bearing stress concentration and maintain the structural integrity to resist rod bending,indicating that this structure is a candidate for preparing lightweight and high stiffness glass–ceramic nanolattices.3D printing of such glasses and ceramics has significant implications in a number of industrial applications,including metamaterials,microelectromechanical systems,photonic crystals,and damage-tolerant lightweight materials.展开更多
The cordierite ceramic with a high strength and a low thermal expansion coefficient was prepared by using mixtures of Ce4+-modified cordierite amorphous powder and oxide powders of MgO, Al2O3 and SiO2 as starting mate...The cordierite ceramic with a high strength and a low thermal expansion coefficient was prepared by using mixtures of Ce4+-modified cordierite amorphous powder and oxide powders of MgO, Al2O3 and SiO2 as starting materials. The transformation procedure of the powders was analyzed by XRD method and the surface morphology of ceramics was examined by SEM method. The flexural strength was measured in a mechanical property testing machine using the Three-Point-Bending sample. Experimental results show that the ceramic added with 10%(mass fraction) of Ce4+-modified amorphous powder is composed of α-cordierite and small amount of CeO2 particles, and has a porosity of 15%(volume fraction) and a flexural strength of 32.6 MPa when sintered at 1350 ℃ for 3 h. It is suggested that this low-cost process is suitable for preparing the components such as supports of vehicle exhaust converters and diesel particulate trappers.展开更多
Zeolites ZSM-5 with different Si/Al ratios were in-situ synthesized on the surface ofhoneycomb-shaped cordierite support for the first time. Characterizations of XRD and SEM wereperformed and it has been proved that t...Zeolites ZSM-5 with different Si/Al ratios were in-situ synthesized on the surface ofhoneycomb-shaped cordierite support for the first time. Characterizations of XRD and SEM wereperformed and it has been proved that the zeolite ZSM-5 was grown on the surface of the cordieritehomogeneously. NO decomposition on the Cu exchanged ZSM-5/cordierite monolith catalysts wasalso studied. It was found that the monolith catalysts have a fine initial activity at 673K and GHSVof 10,000h-1. Such method should be a good way to make auto exhaust converter with monolithcatalyst for NOx removal.展开更多
By adding small amount of TiO2, aluminum slag could be used to synthesize cor- dierite. α-Al2O3, TiO2 and dehydrated talc could generate solid solution to accelerate the solid-state reaction to form cordierite. The e...By adding small amount of TiO2, aluminum slag could be used to synthesize cor- dierite. α-Al2O3, TiO2 and dehydrated talc could generate solid solution to accelerate the solid-state reaction to form cordierite. The experimental results show that the content of cordierite increases with the increase of TiO2 added. 3.0% of TiO2 is determined to be the best amount, because all crystalline substances are converted into cordierite at this content. Philips X’pert plus software analysis shows that when the content of TiO2 is from 0 to 1.0%, cordierite has the same hexagonal structure as the single crystal and the lattice parameters change slightly; when the content of TiO2 is from 1.0 to 2.0%, the cordierite still keeps hexagonal structure but the lattice parameters change greatly; when the content of TiO2 is from 2.0 to 3.5%, the cordierite is converted from hexagonal into rhombic and the lattice parameters change accordingly.展开更多
A cordierite was synthesized from calcined bauxite, talcum, and quartz. The properties and microstructure of the cordierite sintered samples were characterized by Archimedes' method, thermal dilatometry, X-ray diffra...A cordierite was synthesized from calcined bauxite, talcum, and quartz. The properties and microstructure of the cordierite sintered samples were characterized by Archimedes' method, thermal dilatometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and so on. The experimental results showed that calcined bauxite could broaden the range of synthesizing temperature from 1300 ℃ to 1420 ℃ and get pure cordierite. The bulk density and linear thermal expansion coefficient of the sample synthesized at 1420 ℃ for 2 h were 1.97 g·cm^-3 and 2.1×10^-6 ℃^-1, respectively. The XRD analysis showed that the major crystalline phase was a-cordierite with almost no glassy matters, the SEM images illustrated a small vent hole and the size were 5 -100 μm, the well-grown hexagonal and granular cordierite grains had the sizes distributed among 0.1-8 ;xm, and providing high mechanical strength and lower linear thermal expansion coefficient.展开更多
The carbon nanotubes-coated cordierite (CNTs-cordierite) was fabricated by pyrolysis of ethine on cordierite with iron catalyst, which was penetrated into the cordierite substrate by vacuum impregnation. The cordier...The carbon nanotubes-coated cordierite (CNTs-cordierite) was fabricated by pyrolysis of ethine on cordierite with iron catalyst, which was penetrated into the cordierite substrate by vacuum impregnation. The cordierite substrate, carbon naontubes, and CNTs-cordierite were characterized by SEM, TEM/HREM, BET, and TGA. The results show that the carbon nanotubes were distributed uniformly on the surface of cordierite. A significant increase in BET surface area and pore volume was observed, and a suitable pore-size distribution was obtained. On the CNTs-cordierite, carbon nanotubes penetrated into the cordierite substrate, which led to a remarkable stability of the CNTs against ultrasound maltreatment. Growth time is an important factor for thermostability and texture of the sample. The mass increased but the purity decreased with the growth time, which caused the exothermic peak shift to low temperature, and the corresponding full width half maximum (FWHM) of the peak in DTG increased.展开更多
Homogeneous cordierite has been synthesized at low cost by talc-magnesite and coal gangue as the main raw materials. The mechanism of synthesizing cordierite under such a composing system of raw materials, and the eff...Homogeneous cordierite has been synthesized at low cost by talc-magnesite and coal gangue as the main raw materials. The mechanism of synthesizing cordierite under such a composing system of raw materials, and the effect of temperature on the crystal cell parameters and microstructure and thermal expansion coefficient of cordierite crystal have been studied via testing methods of XRD, SEM, etc. The result shows that the homogeneous cordierite can be synthesized by the systematic composing materials of "talc-magnesite-coal gangue-talc" with heat pre-servation at 1350 ℃ for 1 h; as the keeping time is prolonged, Al^3+ and Mg^2+ in cordierite crystal are replaced by a few impurity ions such as Fe^3+, Fe^2+, etc., and the crystal cell parameters of cordierite present an increase trend; as the high-temperature heat preservation is prolonged, the content of glassy phase in the sample is increased, its density is improved, and its thermal expansion coefficient presents an increase trend.展开更多
Cordierite honeycomb ceramics was treated with 1.5 M HNO3 , followed with 1.5 M NaOH at 93 ℃. The combination of acid treatment with alkali treatment significantly diminished the rebounding of coefficient of thermal ...Cordierite honeycomb ceramics was treated with 1.5 M HNO3 , followed with 1.5 M NaOH at 93 ℃. The combination of acid treatment with alkali treatment significantly diminished the rebounding of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) caused by heat treatment, a phenomenon observed in samples treated solely with acid. Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis results reveal that the alkali treatment preferentially dissolved "free" SiO2 left in the acid-treated samples, which is considered to be a key factor responsible for the CTE rebounding.展开更多
The influence of Fe2O3 impurity on the crystalline structure of cordierite synthesized from waste aluminum slag is discussed. XRD and SEM techniques were employed to characterize the crystalline structure and micros...The influence of Fe2O3 impurity on the crystalline structure of cordierite synthesized from waste aluminum slag is discussed. XRD and SEM techniques were employed to characterize the crystalline structure and microstructure of each specimen. Philips X’pert plus software was used to determine the lattice parameters of each specimen. The results show that the Fe2O3 content of 0.8~1.6wt% is beneficial to the formation of cordierite, with the cordierite amount reaching 90wt%. So 0.8~1.6wt% is considered as the allowable Fe2O3 content in the specimens and 0.8wt% is determined to be the best after overall analysis. Plus software analysis shows that the cordierite in each specimen has the same symmetrical hexagonal structure as the single crystal, and the lattice parameters as well as the lattice dimensions change slightly.展开更多
Erbium doped silicate, germanate, and tellurium-germanate oxyfluoride glasses were prepared in a bulk form. Through appropriate heat treatment of the as-prepared glasses, transparent glass-ceramics (TGCs) were obtai...Erbium doped silicate, germanate, and tellurium-germanate oxyfluoride glasses were prepared in a bulk form. Through appropriate heat treatment of the as-prepared glasses, transparent glass-ceramics (TGCs) were obtained with the formation of β-PbF2:Er^3+ nanocrystals in the glass matrix were confirmed by X-ray diffraction.Well-defined diffraction peaks were observed in the samples after heat-treatment. The average crystal diameter of these precipitated crystals from full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the diffraction peak was estimated to be between 8 and 13 nm. Optical absorption, photoluminescence, and upconversion luminescence were measured on as-prepared glass and glass-ceramics. Luminescence spectra in the TGC samples revealed well-resolved, sharp stark-splitting peaks, which indicates that a majority of Er^3+ ions has been incorporated into the crystalline phase of the nanocrystals. The intensity of the visible and near infrared luminescence mostly increases in TSG compared to that in the as-prepared glass. In 1.53 μm absorption and emission bands, the maximum absorption peak is blue-shifted from 1531 to 1507 nm, whereas the maximum emission peak is redshifted from 1535 to 1543 nm in TGC, as compared with that in glass. The bandwidth at half-maximum (BWHM) of the emission band is significantly broader in TGC than in glass, which is beneficial to the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). Upconversion luminescence was measured using 800 nm near-infrared light excitation. Drastically increased upconversion 1 was observed from the TGC as compared to that from their corresponding as-prepared glasses. In addition to a strong green emission centered at 545 nm because of ^4S3/2→^4I15/2 transition and a weaker red emission centered at 662 nm because of ^4F9/2→^4I15/2 transition, generally seen from the Er^3+ doped glasses, two violet emissions centered at 410 nm because of ^2H9/2→^4I15/2 transition and centered at 379 nm because of ^4G11/2→^4I15/2 transition were also observed from the was attributed to the decreased effective phonon energy and the increased energy transfer between the excited ions when Er^3+ ions were incorporated into the precipitated β-PbF2 nanocrystals. The results indicated two attractive spectroscopic properties of the Er^3+ doped TGC samples, compared to glass samples, namely a reduced multiphonon decay rate and a reduced inhomogeneous broadening. In addition, these oxyfluoride TGC materials were robust,easy and flexibile to process, and possible to be fabricated in the fiber form for device applications.展开更多
By adding small amount of TiO2, aluminum slag could be used to synthesize cor- dierite. α-Al2O3, TiO2 and dehydrated talc could generate solid solution to accelerate the solid-state reaction to form cordierite. The e...By adding small amount of TiO2, aluminum slag could be used to synthesize cor- dierite. α-Al2O3, TiO2 and dehydrated talc could generate solid solution to accelerate the solid-state reaction to form cordierite. The experimental results show that the content of cordierite increases with the increase of TiO2 added. 3.0% of TiO2 is determined to be the best amount, because all crystalline substances are converted into cordierite at this content. Philips X’pert plus software analysis shows that when the content of TiO2 is from 0 to 1.0%, cordierite has the same hexagonal structure as the single crystal and the lattice parameters change slightly; when the content of TiO2 is from 1.0 to 2.0%, the cordierite still keeps hexagonal structure but the lattice parameters change greatly; when the content of TiO2 is from 2.0 to 3.5%, the cordierite is converted from hexagonal into rhombic and the lattice parameters change accordingly.展开更多
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52372014)the Key R&D Project of Hubei Province(No.2022BAA025)the Key R&D Project of Jincheng City(No.20220120)。
文摘The presence of Li_(2)Si_(2)O_(5) and LiAlSi_(4)O_(10) could effectively improve the elastic modulus and transmittance of lithium disilicate(LD)glass-ceramics.Through synergistically modulation of the crystal content and grain size,we obtained high strength and high transmittance of LD glass-ceramics.The optimal sample had a high transmittance of 90.3%,the hardness was 7.72 GPa,the fracture toughness was 1.07 MPa·m^(1/2),and the elastic modulus was 103.1 GPa.
基金Funded by State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Ar-chitectures(Wuhan University of Technology)(No.2011DA105356)。
文摘In this study,transparent K_(2)O-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)(KAS)glass-ceramics with leucite as the main crystalline phase were prepared by melting-quench method and two-step heat treatment.The effects of SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) ratio and heat treatment on crystallization and mechanical properties were studied.The crystallization kinetics and X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)results showed that SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) ratio and heat treatment system had a direct impact on the crystallization behavior of potassium aluminosilicate glass-ceramics.When heat-treated at 680℃/2 h and 780℃/1 h,cracks generated on the surface of the sample with the addition of SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)=4.8(in mol)due to the huge difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between glass matrix and surface.When the addition of SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)(in mol)was 4,the sample with leucite as the main crystalline phase showed an excellent fracture toughness(1.46 MPa·m^(0.5))after the heat treatment of 680℃/2 h and 780℃/5 h.And there was a phase transformation from kaliophilite to leucite.The crystalline phases of the sample heat-treated at 680℃/8 h and 780℃/1 h were leucite and kaliophilite,which resulted in the visible light transmittance of 63%and the fracture toughness of 0.91 MPa·m^(0.5).Furthermore,after the heat treatment of 680℃/2 h and 780℃/5 h,the main crystalline phase of the sample with SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)=3.2(in mol)was still kaliophilite.Because leucite only grows on the surface of the sample and is hard to grow inward,it is hard to achieve the bulk crystallization of leucite in the sample with SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)=3.2(in mol).
文摘The glass-ceramics were prepared with the spodumene mineral as the main raw material,and the effects of ZrO_(2)replacing TiO_(2)on the samples were systematically investigated.The results show that the substitution of ZrO_(2)for TiO_(2)is not conductive to precipitate𝛽β-quartz solid solution phase,but can improve the transparency and flexural strength of glass-ceramics.And the glass-ceramic with the highest visible light transmittance(87%)and flexural strength(231.80 MPa)exhibits an ultra-low thermal expansion of-0.028×10^(-7)K^(-1)in the region of 30-700℃.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 50771014)
文摘Boron for aluminum substitution in the cordierite structure has been examined by sol-gel preparation of different samples along the compositional junction Mg2Al4-xBxSi5O18 with x=0,0.5,1,1.5.By increasing the x value from 0 to 1.5 the crystallization behavior changed accordingly.Proper amount B2O3 doping can promote the sintering of amorphous cordierite gel,effectively restrain the precipitation of μ-cordierite and enhance the crystallization of α-cordierite.The substitution of B3+ for Al3+ in cordierite crystal structure can effectively improve the near-infrared spectral emissivity of this cordierite based glass-ceramics.
文摘The effects of rare earth oxide on the sintering and dielectric property of cordierite-based glass-ceramics with non-stoichiometric composition prepared by quenching of molten droplets were investigated. The results show that the addition of rare earth oxide can lower the sintering temperature of cordierite glass-ceramics, improve the densification process and obviously reduce sintering activation energy. It is found that the densification of cordierite-based glass-ceramics is a liquid phase sintering process. The dielectric constant of the sintered compacts enhances with the increase of the density. When the sintering temperature is identical, the rare earth addition is found to have a noticeable effect on the dielectric loss of glass-ceramics. The properties of the glass-ceramics containing rare earth oxide appear to be correct for low firing temperature substrates.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0715000)the Hainan Provincial Joint Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City(2021JJLH0058)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021B1515120041)。
文摘There is a perpetual pursuit for free-form glasses and ceramics featuring outstanding mechanical properties as well as chemical and thermal resistance.It is a promising idea to shape inorganic materials in three-dimensional(3D)forms to reduce their weight while maintaining high mechanical properties.A popular strategy for the preparation of 3D inorganic materials is to mold the organic–inorganic hybrid photoresists into 3D micro-and nano-structures and remove the organic components by subsequent sintering.However,due to the discrete arrangement of inorganic components in the organic-inorganic hybrid photoresists,it remains a huge challenge to attain isotropic shrinkage during sintering.Herein,we demonstrate the isotropic sintering shrinkage by forming the consecutive–Si–O–Si–O–Zr–O–inorganic backbone in photoresists and fabricating 3D glass–ceramic nanolattices with enhanced mechanical properties.The femtosecond(fs)laser is used in two-photon polymerization(TPP)to fabricate 3D green body structures.After subsequent sintering at 1000℃,high-quality 3D glass–ceramic microstructures can be obtained with perfectly intact and smooth morphology.In-suit compression experiments and finite-element simulations reveal that octahedral-truss(oct-truss)lattices possess remarkable adeptness in bearing stress concentration and maintain the structural integrity to resist rod bending,indicating that this structure is a candidate for preparing lightweight and high stiffness glass–ceramic nanolattices.3D printing of such glasses and ceramics has significant implications in a number of industrial applications,including metamaterials,microelectromechanical systems,photonic crystals,and damage-tolerant lightweight materials.
基金Project supported by New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET), 2004
文摘The cordierite ceramic with a high strength and a low thermal expansion coefficient was prepared by using mixtures of Ce4+-modified cordierite amorphous powder and oxide powders of MgO, Al2O3 and SiO2 as starting materials. The transformation procedure of the powders was analyzed by XRD method and the surface morphology of ceramics was examined by SEM method. The flexural strength was measured in a mechanical property testing machine using the Three-Point-Bending sample. Experimental results show that the ceramic added with 10%(mass fraction) of Ce4+-modified amorphous powder is composed of α-cordierite and small amount of CeO2 particles, and has a porosity of 15%(volume fraction) and a flexural strength of 32.6 MPa when sintered at 1350 ℃ for 3 h. It is suggested that this low-cost process is suitable for preparing the components such as supports of vehicle exhaust converters and diesel particulate trappers.
文摘Zeolites ZSM-5 with different Si/Al ratios were in-situ synthesized on the surface ofhoneycomb-shaped cordierite support for the first time. Characterizations of XRD and SEM wereperformed and it has been proved that the zeolite ZSM-5 was grown on the surface of the cordieritehomogeneously. NO decomposition on the Cu exchanged ZSM-5/cordierite monolith catalysts wasalso studied. It was found that the monolith catalysts have a fine initial activity at 673K and GHSVof 10,000h-1. Such method should be a good way to make auto exhaust converter with monolithcatalyst for NOx removal.
基金This project was supported by the 863 Project (2003AA322020)
文摘By adding small amount of TiO2, aluminum slag could be used to synthesize cor- dierite. α-Al2O3, TiO2 and dehydrated talc could generate solid solution to accelerate the solid-state reaction to form cordierite. The experimental results show that the content of cordierite increases with the increase of TiO2 added. 3.0% of TiO2 is determined to be the best amount, because all crystalline substances are converted into cordierite at this content. Philips X’pert plus software analysis shows that when the content of TiO2 is from 0 to 1.0%, cordierite has the same hexagonal structure as the single crystal and the lattice parameters change slightly; when the content of TiO2 is from 1.0 to 2.0%, the cordierite still keeps hexagonal structure but the lattice parameters change greatly; when the content of TiO2 is from 2.0 to 3.5%, the cordierite is converted from hexagonal into rhombic and the lattice parameters change accordingly.
基金Funded by the National Basic Research Program ("973"Program)(2010CB227105)
文摘A cordierite was synthesized from calcined bauxite, talcum, and quartz. The properties and microstructure of the cordierite sintered samples were characterized by Archimedes' method, thermal dilatometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and so on. The experimental results showed that calcined bauxite could broaden the range of synthesizing temperature from 1300 ℃ to 1420 ℃ and get pure cordierite. The bulk density and linear thermal expansion coefficient of the sample synthesized at 1420 ℃ for 2 h were 1.97 g·cm^-3 and 2.1×10^-6 ℃^-1, respectively. The XRD analysis showed that the major crystalline phase was a-cordierite with almost no glassy matters, the SEM images illustrated a small vent hole and the size were 5 -100 μm, the well-grown hexagonal and granular cordierite grains had the sizes distributed among 0.1-8 ;xm, and providing high mechanical strength and lower linear thermal expansion coefficient.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20576021)Science & Technology Priority Project of Fujian Province (2005H201-2).
文摘The carbon nanotubes-coated cordierite (CNTs-cordierite) was fabricated by pyrolysis of ethine on cordierite with iron catalyst, which was penetrated into the cordierite substrate by vacuum impregnation. The cordierite substrate, carbon naontubes, and CNTs-cordierite were characterized by SEM, TEM/HREM, BET, and TGA. The results show that the carbon nanotubes were distributed uniformly on the surface of cordierite. A significant increase in BET surface area and pore volume was observed, and a suitable pore-size distribution was obtained. On the CNTs-cordierite, carbon nanotubes penetrated into the cordierite substrate, which led to a remarkable stability of the CNTs against ultrasound maltreatment. Growth time is an important factor for thermostability and texture of the sample. The mass increased but the purity decreased with the growth time, which caused the exothermic peak shift to low temperature, and the corresponding full width half maximum (FWHM) of the peak in DTG increased.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50672056) Scientific Research and Innovation Foundation of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology (SUST-B14)
文摘Homogeneous cordierite has been synthesized at low cost by talc-magnesite and coal gangue as the main raw materials. The mechanism of synthesizing cordierite under such a composing system of raw materials, and the effect of temperature on the crystal cell parameters and microstructure and thermal expansion coefficient of cordierite crystal have been studied via testing methods of XRD, SEM, etc. The result shows that the homogeneous cordierite can be synthesized by the systematic composing materials of "talc-magnesite-coal gangue-talc" with heat pre-servation at 1350 ℃ for 1 h; as the keeping time is prolonged, Al^3+ and Mg^2+ in cordierite crystal are replaced by a few impurity ions such as Fe^3+, Fe^2+, etc., and the crystal cell parameters of cordierite present an increase trend; as the high-temperature heat preservation is prolonged, the content of glassy phase in the sample is increased, its density is improved, and its thermal expansion coefficient presents an increase trend.
基金Funded bythe International Cooperation Project of Jiangsu Prov-ince(No.BZ2001043)
文摘Cordierite honeycomb ceramics was treated with 1.5 M HNO3 , followed with 1.5 M NaOH at 93 ℃. The combination of acid treatment with alkali treatment significantly diminished the rebounding of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) caused by heat treatment, a phenomenon observed in samples treated solely with acid. Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis results reveal that the alkali treatment preferentially dissolved "free" SiO2 left in the acid-treated samples, which is considered to be a key factor responsible for the CTE rebounding.
基金This work was supported by the '863' Project (2003AA322020)
文摘The influence of Fe2O3 impurity on the crystalline structure of cordierite synthesized from waste aluminum slag is discussed. XRD and SEM techniques were employed to characterize the crystalline structure and microstructure of each specimen. Philips X’pert plus software was used to determine the lattice parameters of each specimen. The results show that the Fe2O3 content of 0.8~1.6wt% is beneficial to the formation of cordierite, with the cordierite amount reaching 90wt%. So 0.8~1.6wt% is considered as the allowable Fe2O3 content in the specimens and 0.8wt% is determined to be the best after overall analysis. Plus software analysis shows that the cordierite in each specimen has the same symmetrical hexagonal structure as the single crystal, and the lattice parameters as well as the lattice dimensions change slightly.
基金Project supported by NSF/CREST HRD-0420516 , NSF-STC CLiPS Grant 0423914 ,and DOD/ARO Contracts : W911NF-05-1-0453 ,04-1-0040
文摘Erbium doped silicate, germanate, and tellurium-germanate oxyfluoride glasses were prepared in a bulk form. Through appropriate heat treatment of the as-prepared glasses, transparent glass-ceramics (TGCs) were obtained with the formation of β-PbF2:Er^3+ nanocrystals in the glass matrix were confirmed by X-ray diffraction.Well-defined diffraction peaks were observed in the samples after heat-treatment. The average crystal diameter of these precipitated crystals from full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the diffraction peak was estimated to be between 8 and 13 nm. Optical absorption, photoluminescence, and upconversion luminescence were measured on as-prepared glass and glass-ceramics. Luminescence spectra in the TGC samples revealed well-resolved, sharp stark-splitting peaks, which indicates that a majority of Er^3+ ions has been incorporated into the crystalline phase of the nanocrystals. The intensity of the visible and near infrared luminescence mostly increases in TSG compared to that in the as-prepared glass. In 1.53 μm absorption and emission bands, the maximum absorption peak is blue-shifted from 1531 to 1507 nm, whereas the maximum emission peak is redshifted from 1535 to 1543 nm in TGC, as compared with that in glass. The bandwidth at half-maximum (BWHM) of the emission band is significantly broader in TGC than in glass, which is beneficial to the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). Upconversion luminescence was measured using 800 nm near-infrared light excitation. Drastically increased upconversion 1 was observed from the TGC as compared to that from their corresponding as-prepared glasses. In addition to a strong green emission centered at 545 nm because of ^4S3/2→^4I15/2 transition and a weaker red emission centered at 662 nm because of ^4F9/2→^4I15/2 transition, generally seen from the Er^3+ doped glasses, two violet emissions centered at 410 nm because of ^2H9/2→^4I15/2 transition and centered at 379 nm because of ^4G11/2→^4I15/2 transition were also observed from the was attributed to the decreased effective phonon energy and the increased energy transfer between the excited ions when Er^3+ ions were incorporated into the precipitated β-PbF2 nanocrystals. The results indicated two attractive spectroscopic properties of the Er^3+ doped TGC samples, compared to glass samples, namely a reduced multiphonon decay rate and a reduced inhomogeneous broadening. In addition, these oxyfluoride TGC materials were robust,easy and flexibile to process, and possible to be fabricated in the fiber form for device applications.
基金This work was supported by the "863" project (2003AA322020)
文摘By adding small amount of TiO2, aluminum slag could be used to synthesize cor- dierite. α-Al2O3, TiO2 and dehydrated talc could generate solid solution to accelerate the solid-state reaction to form cordierite. The experimental results show that the content of cordierite increases with the increase of TiO2 added. 3.0% of TiO2 is determined to be the best amount, because all crystalline substances are converted into cordierite at this content. Philips X’pert plus software analysis shows that when the content of TiO2 is from 0 to 1.0%, cordierite has the same hexagonal structure as the single crystal and the lattice parameters change slightly; when the content of TiO2 is from 1.0 to 2.0%, the cordierite still keeps hexagonal structure but the lattice parameters change greatly; when the content of TiO2 is from 2.0 to 3.5%, the cordierite is converted from hexagonal into rhombic and the lattice parameters change accordingly.