Steam explosion is one of the crucial and poorly understood phenomena which may occur during severe accident scenario and may lead to containment failure. In spite of several experimental and analytical studies, the r...Steam explosion is one of the crucial and poorly understood phenomena which may occur during severe accident scenario and may lead to containment failure. In spite of several experimental and analytical studies, the root cause of steam explosion has not been understood. Recent claims in the literature suggest that the presence of fine fragmentation during steam explosion causes its occurrence. In order to investigate this and understand the root cause of steam explosion, series of experiments were performed with 50 g to 2500 g of CaO-B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, a corium simulant in 4.5 litre of water. It was observed that steam explosion may occur even in the absence of fine fragments, which is contrary to the claims in the literature. To investigate further, conversion efficiency analysis was performed. This suggested that the amount of thermal energy converted to mechanical energy is more important deciding factor in explaining the occurrence of steam explosion. The present study discusses the importance of conversion efficiency in deciding steam explosion and also gives a new perspective to look at steam explosion phenomenology.展开更多
研究了承压热冲击(PTS)事故发生时,变化的堆芯衰变热对反应堆压力容器(RPV)安全分析的影响。基于ACP1000三回路反应堆压力容器,对25 cm 2小破口失水事故工况应用三维流固热耦合方法进行模拟。计算了事故下2000 s内堆芯衰变热随时间的变...研究了承压热冲击(PTS)事故发生时,变化的堆芯衰变热对反应堆压力容器(RPV)安全分析的影响。基于ACP1000三回路反应堆压力容器,对25 cm 2小破口失水事故工况应用三维流固热耦合方法进行模拟。计算了事故下2000 s内堆芯衰变热随时间的变化函数,得到变化堆芯衰变热影响下冷却剂经过堆芯后的温升、三回路模型安注流动轨迹、确定RPV环腔内温度最低点(冷点)的位置,并在此处施加裂纹影响,得到变化堆芯衰变热影响下应力强度因子分析结果,并与1 MW/m 3堆芯衰变热结果进行比较。结果表明,在本瞬态工况下变化的堆芯衰变热对流经的冷却剂有明显的升温作用,RPV内壁应力也有16.02%的增幅,应力强度因子有30.1%的增幅。展开更多
研究堆芯熔融物对压力容器壁面的动态烧蚀,对于反应堆冷却剂严重丧失事故(Loss of coolant accident,LOCA)后果的预测以及缓解方案的设计具有重要意义。本文以AP600为研究对象,在假设冷却剂全部丧失事故工况下,采用堆芯熔融物两层结构模...研究堆芯熔融物对压力容器壁面的动态烧蚀,对于反应堆冷却剂严重丧失事故(Loss of coolant accident,LOCA)后果的预测以及缓解方案的设计具有重要意义。本文以AP600为研究对象,在假设冷却剂全部丧失事故工况下,采用堆芯熔融物两层结构模型,计算熔池对壁面的加热;建立压力容器壁面的非稳态二维传热模型,并考虑安全壳水池对压力容器外侧的冷却,采用移动边界模型模拟烧蚀引起壁面局部厚度变薄;计算了堆芯熔融物坍塌后15 000 s范围内,压力容器下封头壁面温度和厚度的变化。展开更多
氟盐冷却球床高温反应堆(Pebble Fluoride-Salt-Cooled High Temperature Reactors,PB-FHR)的冷却剂温度反应性系数与其堆芯活性区的几何尺寸有直接关系,研究选取7Li摩尔含量为99.995%的2Li F-Be F2做冷却剂,对冷却剂温度反应性系数与PB...氟盐冷却球床高温反应堆(Pebble Fluoride-Salt-Cooled High Temperature Reactors,PB-FHR)的冷却剂温度反应性系数与其堆芯活性区的几何尺寸有直接关系,研究选取7Li摩尔含量为99.995%的2Li F-Be F2做冷却剂,对冷却剂温度反应性系数与PB-FHR的堆芯活性区体积的关系进行定量分析。利用SCALE5.1软件对不同堆芯活性区体积的PB-FHR的冷却剂温度反应性系数进行了研究。分析结果表明:堆芯活性区体积越大的PB-FHR,冷却剂温度反应性系数越趋于正值,堆芯活性区体积越小的PB-FHR,冷却剂温度反应性系数越趋于负值。基于四因子公式的分析表明,逃脱共振俘获的概率、不泄漏概率和热中子利用系数在不同堆芯活性区体积的PB-FHR内的差异是影响冷却剂温度反应性系数差异的主要原因。展开更多
文摘Steam explosion is one of the crucial and poorly understood phenomena which may occur during severe accident scenario and may lead to containment failure. In spite of several experimental and analytical studies, the root cause of steam explosion has not been understood. Recent claims in the literature suggest that the presence of fine fragmentation during steam explosion causes its occurrence. In order to investigate this and understand the root cause of steam explosion, series of experiments were performed with 50 g to 2500 g of CaO-B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, a corium simulant in 4.5 litre of water. It was observed that steam explosion may occur even in the absence of fine fragments, which is contrary to the claims in the literature. To investigate further, conversion efficiency analysis was performed. This suggested that the amount of thermal energy converted to mechanical energy is more important deciding factor in explaining the occurrence of steam explosion. The present study discusses the importance of conversion efficiency in deciding steam explosion and also gives a new perspective to look at steam explosion phenomenology.
文摘氟盐冷却球床高温反应堆(Pebble Fluoride-Salt-Cooled High Temperature Reactors,PB-FHR)的冷却剂温度反应性系数与其堆芯活性区的几何尺寸有直接关系,研究选取7Li摩尔含量为99.995%的2Li F-Be F2做冷却剂,对冷却剂温度反应性系数与PB-FHR的堆芯活性区体积的关系进行定量分析。利用SCALE5.1软件对不同堆芯活性区体积的PB-FHR的冷却剂温度反应性系数进行了研究。分析结果表明:堆芯活性区体积越大的PB-FHR,冷却剂温度反应性系数越趋于正值,堆芯活性区体积越小的PB-FHR,冷却剂温度反应性系数越趋于负值。基于四因子公式的分析表明,逃脱共振俘获的概率、不泄漏概率和热中子利用系数在不同堆芯活性区体积的PB-FHR内的差异是影响冷却剂温度反应性系数差异的主要原因。
