Designing nanocarriers to overcome the limitations in conventional drug administration for Parkinson’s disease

Neurodegenerative diseases(NDs)have become one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide,and cause enormous pain and suffering for both patients and their families.Some of the most common NDs include Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease(PD)and Huntington’s disease,among others(Feng,2020).PD is a widespread neurodegenerative disease that affects more than 10 million people worldwide(No author listed,2021).The direct cause of the disease is unknown,but it is characterized by the selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain in the substantia nigra.This leads to the depletion of dopamine(3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine,DA)in the striatum of patients,in addition to the existence of abnormalα-synuclein in nerve cells and the development of toxic protein aggregates in neurons called Lewy bodies,which causes muscle stiffness,slowness of movements and tremors.It is believed that a combination of genetic and environmental factors may be the cause of PD,but the exact reason for the disease is not yet fully understood.

A Discussion about the Path to increase core-competitiveness of Chinese Railway and Bridge Enterprise ——In the case of China Railway Jiujiang Bridge Engineering Co.Ld

This paper summarized the three things included in concept of core-competitiveness： integrative ability, core technology and core product. It reviewed main factors for increasing core-competitiveness, which include core technology, resource integration, information exchange and strategic alliance establishment. It studied the wildly used indicators in core-competitiveness assessment model, such as financial status, business management, technology innovation and enterprise culture. Through case study in China Railway Jiujiang Bridge Engineering Co.Ld, the writer got the conclusion that Chinese Railway and Bridge enterprises should focus on industrial integration and innovation to enhance core-competitiveness.

English Communication on Migration and Measures to Overcome the Negative Culture

Since the reform and opening up, China has more opportunities and European countries, exchanges and cooperation.However, in the process of communication, we may inadvertently ignore each other's culture and customs, the lack of cross-cultural communication awareness in local culture to measure the culture of other countries, such behavior is called negative transfer culture. Negative Transfer of Culture will have cultural misunderstandings and conflicts between nations and hinder the smooth progress of cross-cultural communication. In order to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding, strengthen the friendship between different countries, we should understand, learn and overcome cultural negative transfer. This will combine theoretical knowledge and examples to explain the culture, language and culture negative relationship between migration and elaborate cultural negative transfer of two levels: Negative Transfer negative transfer surface culture and deep culture(including values migration and ethnic psychological aspects), and its negative impact on the English cross-cultural communication. In addition, this paper will propose some strategies and corresponding to the principle of helping people overcome the negative transfer in crosscultural communication, enhance cross-cultural communication ability, up from psychological acceptance, adaptation, and tolerance of different cultures.

Helping Chinese Overcome Stereotypes about American Culture

This research paper,from the perspective of cross-cultural communication,intends to analyze the cultural misconceptions Chinese have about North American culture.Inspired by the data the author collected through the semester-long project with three subjects from different background,the topic of helping Chinese people overcome stereotypes about American culture stands out to claim the practical value in terms of enhancing Chinese people’s cultural awareness and ability to distinguish cultural perspectives and recognize the complexity of cross-cultural communication.Also,recommendations like to know yourself,to develop cross-cultural communication competence are provided for overcoming the formation of stereotypes and to decrease possible cultural incidents since people of both cultures are increasingly interacting with each other in various aspects in the situation of globalization.

International standards help to overcome technical barriers to trade

Named“Thematic session on Regulatory Cooperation between Members on Climate Change”,the event,which took place in Geneva on March 7,gathered several high-level speakers,including the Chair of the IEC System for Certification to Standards Relating to Equipment for USE in Renewable Energy Applications(IECRE),Alistair Mackinnon.

The research of student sports psychological barriers and the way to overcome

Sports competition is competition in a particular environment, mad it has its own characteristics, tasks, opponents, environment and methods. Despite the psychological training is relevant to, and associated with physical exercise, but its nature determines its specificity. On the psychological point of view, due to the reinforcement of external stimuli, which led to strong psychological pressure, these are manifested through the behaviors of the players when they are compete with others, such as fear, excessive psychological tension, incorrect competition motivation, ambiguous purpose, lack of confidence, even there are phenomenon like isolated characteristics and irritation, etc. Thus, the regulation and control of mental activity, the overcome of the psychological barriers, and the implementation of the psychology training have become a big question which teachers and coaches must pay attention to and need to be solved.

Targeted Relief--New financial policies have been introduced to help SMEs overcome difficulties caused by the COVID-19 pandemic

Less than five days.That’s how long it took Molarray to receive the first part of the loan after it filed the loan application.Molarray is an R&D company specializing in life sciences and genetic diagnosis based in the Suzhou Industrial Park,in eastern China’s Jiangsu Province.Amid the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic,Molarray’s products are used on the frontline to help detect and identify the virus.However,while the employees worked overtime to increase production,the company lacked working capital.

Triumphant Tone Members of a Chinese rock band use music to overcome rare diseases and disabilities

"If there is no sun,turn to the stars;if you can’t be seen,sing louder;keep believing,like me,in the power of love..."These are the lyrics of a song by a rock band comprised of people in wheelchair,people with albinism,and people of short stature or unusually tall.

The Chinese government and the Chinese people have the ability, resolve and courage to overcome the coronavirus

I just returned to the U.S.to help my 90-year-old mother-in-law only a couple of days before the world realized the coronavirus was so serious.On the one hand,I should feel lucky,as many foreigners are scrambling frantically to leave.Yet on the other hand,I regret that I am not there in China to help.Had I realized the situation was so dire,I would have preferred to stay.

China overcoming crisis: coronavirus-we shall overcome

In the Chinese language,the word for“crisis”consists of two characters:“wei”meaning“danger”and“ji”meaning opportunity.Throughout China’s history,the nation and its people have responded to each crisis and challenge.They respond collectively and united in overcoming the danger of each crisis.More importantly,they turn each into an opportunity to re-build,grow and develop further.

Overcoming the Potential Drawbacks of Artificial Intelligence in Psychotherapy: Literature Updates

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has progressively impacted healthcare around the world. The increasing need for readily available mental health services, coupled with the swift advancement of novel technologies, prompts conversations over the viability of psychotherapy approaches using engagements with AI. Despite the positive impacts, there are recognizable drawbacks associated with the application of AI in psychotherapy. Establishing a therapeutic alliance is difficult for non-human entities. Psychotherapy is a task too complex for limited artificial intelligence. AI appears capable of handling jobs that are clearly defined and relatively straightforward. Besides, AI malfunctions, data confidentiality, informed consent, and risk of bias are potential concerns. We present a literature update of possible solutions to overcome these concerns.

Carbon Liquidity For Neutrality China needs to overcome greater challenges than developed countries to meet its carbon-neutral target

At the annual plenary session of the National People’s Congress(NPC),the top legislature of the country,in March,China unveiled its new targets for achieving carbon neutrality.They included reducing energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP respectively by 13.5 percent and18 percent during the 14th Five-Year Plan(2021-25)period.China made the commitment to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40-45 percent by 2020 as compared with 2005 at the UN Climate Change Conference 2009 in Copenhagen.It also committed to simultaneously increasing the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption to 15 percent of its total energy mix.

To Overcome the Obstacle of Data Exchange to Increase the Utilization Efficiency of Accounting Data

On Nov.4^(th), AQSIQ (General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People' s Republic of China), SAC (Standardization Administrationof China), National Audit Office of China (CNAO), and National Ministry of Finance of China jointlyheld the conference press on the national standard of Information Technology--Data Interface ofAccounting Software (GB/T 19581-2004) in Beijing. The standard was approved and issued on Sept. 20,2004 by AQSIQ and SAC, and it would come into effect all over the whole nation from January 1^(st),2005. Pu Changcheng, Vice Director of AQSIQ, Shi Aizhong, Vice Director of CNAO, Li Zhonghai. amember of the Party Group of AQSIQ and Director of SAC, the other leaders of concerned departmentssuch as National Ministry of Finance, National Telegraphy Office, and etc. attended the ConferencePress and made speeches. They fully affirmed the important significance and the achievements onstandardization work of electronic government business, and also they set new demands on the workfor the future.

Introduction on the Emotion-Will Overcoming Therapy (EWOT): A Novel Alternative Approach of Psychological Treatment from Chinese Medicine

Emotional disorders and mental illnesses constitute a significant part of diseases. In Chinese medicine, emotional disorders and mental illnesses are classified as emotion-will (Qing Zhi) disorders. Emotion-will, i.e. seven emotions (Qi Qing: happiness, anger, anxiety, pensiveness, sorrow, fear, and fright) and five wills (Wu Zhi: happiness, anger, thinking, sorrow, and fear), play a basic role in the onset, progress and prognosis of almost all diseases, not only the mental illnesses. The emotion-will overcoming therapy (EWOT) is defined as a psychological approach that a therapist employs single or multiple emotions to overcome and eliminate patients’ abnormal morbid emotions and to heal mind-body disorders derived from the abnormality. EWOT lays a foundation for the philosophical foundation of Chinese medicine, i.e. Yin and Yang, and five elements, which is believed to be the most commonly utilized and effective modality in dealing with mental illnesses. This essay covers the origin and development, underlying mechanism, clinical application, basic researches of emotion-will system and EWOT and the comparison with conventional therapies. Thus, EWOT could draw more attention in the field of psychology and spread in clinical practice.

Quantum Continual Learning Overcoming Catastrophic Forgetting

Catastrophic forgetting describes the fact that machine learning models will likely forget the knowledge of previously learned tasks after the learning process of a new one.It is a vital problem in the continual learning scenario and recently has attracted tremendous concern across different communities.We explore the catastrophic forgetting phenomena in the context of quantum machine learning.It is found that,similar to those classical learning models based on neural networks,quantum learning systems likewise suffer from such forgetting problem in classification tasks emerging from various application scenes.We show that based on the local geometrical information in the loss function landscape of the trained model,a uniform strategy can be adapted to overcome the forgetting problem in the incremental learning setting.Our results uncover the catastrophic forgetting phenomena in quantum machine learning and offer a practical method to overcome this problem,which opens a new avenue for exploring potential quantum advantages towards continual learning.

Microscale tissue-engineered models:overcoming barriers to adoption for neural regeneration research

The last decade has seen a steady proliferation in the use of tissue-engineered cell culture systems（Deforest and Anseth,2012）,and these have been put to good use for studying neural axon growth and guidance（Li and Hoffman-Kim,2008;Roy et al.,2013）.These systems have been designed to more closely mimic the natural microenvironment of the developing or repairing nervous system and to enable spatiotemporal control over certain aspects of the microenvironment.

Overcoming the “reverse transmission mechanism” for sustainable growth

"Reverse transmission mechanism" is a deep-seated problem in China's economy.Understanding it is the key to unraveling the interaction among China's growth mechanism,cycles and policy options.In the new millennium,great changes have occurred in the economic environment and the "reverse transmission mechanism" has shown that it works in different ways.From this approach,this paper concludes that "welfare and administrative spending rigidity" after 2000 has a stronger feature of "reverse transmission," which forces China's economy onto a path of unsustainable expansion.To seek sustainable growth,new reverse transmissions of welfare and administrative spending must be broken.In light of the present phase of development,only by adjusting administrative costs and welfare spending can we balance development,transform the growth pattern,and embark on a sustainable path.

Overcoming Tunnel Vision in Reading

WheneVer″ reading″ is referred to,whether as a course or a process or an activity or whatsoever,the first concurrent word is inevi-tably comprehension.Reading wothout compre-hension is not reading at all.If reading means decoding,then comprehension is the

The political economy of infant and young child feeding: confronting corporate power,overcoming structural barriers, and accelerating progress

Despite increasing evidence about the value and importance of breastfeeding, less than half of the world's infants and youngchildren (aged 0-36 months) are breastfed as recommended. This Series paper examines the social, political, and economic reasonsfor this problem. First, this paper highlights the power of the commercial milk formula (CMF) industry to commodify the feedingof infants and young children;influence policy at both national and international levels in ways that grow and sustain CMF markets;and externalise the social, environmental, and economic costs of CMF. Second, this paper examines how breastfeeding isundermined by economic policies and systems that ignore the value of care work by women, including breastfeeding, and by theinadequacy of maternity rights protection across the world, especially for poorer women. Third, this paper presents three reasonswhy health systems often do not provide adequate breastfeeding protection, promotion, and support. These reasons are thegendered and biomedical power systems that deny women-centred and culturally appropriate care;the economic and ideologicalfactors that accept, and even encourage, commercial influence and conflicts of interest;and the fiscal and economic policies thatleave governments with insufficient funds to adequately protect, promote, and support breastfeeding. We outline six sets of widerangingsocial, political, and economic reforms required to overcome these deeply embedded commercial and structural barriersto breastfeeding.

Overcoming Social Phobia

The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month we discuss how people overcome social phobia.My understanding about social phobia started with the term"social emotion"I learned in my psychology courses,which refers to the subjective experience of an individual in interpersonal communication.