Superfast and solvent-free core-shell assembly of sulfur/carbon active particles by hail-inspired nanostorm technology for high-energy-density Li-S batteries

The demand on low-carbon emission fabrication technologies for energy storage materials is increasing dramatically with the global interest on carbon neutrality.As a promising active material for metal-sulfur batteries,sulfur is of great interest due to its high-energy-density and abundance.However,there is a lack of industry-friendly and low-carbon fabrication strategies for high-performance sulfur-based active particles,which,however,is in critical need by their practical success.Herein,based on a hail-inspired sulfur nano-storm(HSN)technology developed in our lab,we report an energy-saving,solvent-free strategy for producing core-shell sulfur/carbon electrode particles(CNT@AC-S)in minutes.The fabrication of the CNT@AC-S electrode particles only involves low-cost sulfur blocks,commercial carbon nanotubes(CNT)and activated carbon(AC)micro-particles with high specific surface area.Based on the above core-shell CNT@AC-S particles,sulfur cathode with a high sulfur-loading of 9.2 mg cm^(-2) delivers a stable area capacity of 6.6 mAh cm^(-2) over 100 cycles.Furthermore,even for sulfur cathode with a super-high sulfur content(72 wt%over the whole electrode),it still delivers a high area capacity of 9 mAh cm^(-2) over50 cycles in a quasi-lean electrolyte condition.In a nutshell,this study brings a green and industryfriendly fabrication strategy for cost-effective production of rationally designed S-rich electrode particles.

Perpentylated (2, 3, 6-Tri-O-pentyl)-β-cyclodextrin Used as Capillary Gas Chromatographic Stationary Phase Prepared by Sol-gel Technology

Capillary column preparation using perpentylated (2,3,6-tri-O-pentyl)-β-cyclodextrin asstationary phase by sol-gel technology with simplicity and rapidity is described. Multiplepreparation steps in conventional column technology were avoided. The prepared columns exhibitsatisfactory chromatographic performances and pronounced selectivity for a wide range of testsolutes, and have been successfully used for the separation of nitrotoluene, dimethoxybenzene,alcohols, alkanes, dimethylphenol and cresol isomers.

Fast Fatty Acid Analysis by Core-Shell Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Evaporative Light-Scattering Detector

A high-performance liquid chromatography analysis method with an evaporative light-scattering detector has been developed for the separation and quantitative analysis of free fatty acids in biological matrices. Core-shell reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography separation of 10 free fatty acids is achieved within 10.5 min using a methanol/water (0.05% trifluoroacetic acid) eluent gradient. After optimization, the drift tube and nebulization temperature of the evaporative light-scattering detector was set at 35°C, nitrogen flow-rate at 1.1 standard liter per minute and column temperature at 25°C. All calibration curves showed good regression (r2 > 0.9975). A validation procedure following the International Conference on Harmonisation guidelines was implemented to certify the method. Relative standard deviations did not exceed 1.5% and 4.25% for repeatability and reproducibility respectively.

Capillary Column Coated with Heptakis(2,3, 6-tri-O-octyl)-β-cyclodextrin Using Sol-gel Technology

Heptakis(2, 3, 6-tri-O-octyl)-β-cyclodextrin was coated onto the fused silica capillary by sol-gel technology. Column efficiency and column selectivity were studied. The results indicated that high ability of separation was acquired . Positional isomers of aromatic compounds were well separated.

UV/Vis-based process analytical technology to improve monoclonal antibody and host cell protein separation

Process analytical technology(PAT) is gaining more interest in the biomanufacturing industry because of its potential to improve operational control and compliance through real-time quality assurance.Currently, biopharmaceutical producers mainly monitor chromatographic processes with ultraviolet/visible(UV/Vis) absorbance. However, this measurement has a very limited correlation with purity and quantity. The current study aims to determine the concentration of monoclonal antibody(mAb) and host cell proteins(HCPs) using a build-in UV/Vis monitoring during Protein A affinity chromatography and to optimize the separation conditions for high purity of mAb and minimizing the HCPs content. The eluate was analyzed through in-line UV/Vis at 280 and 410 nm, representing mAb and HCPs concentration,respectively. Each 0.1 column volume(CV) fraction of UV/Vis chromatogram peak area were calculated,and different separation conditions were then compared. The optimum conditions of mAb separation were found as 12 CV loading, elution at pH 3.5, and starting the collection at 0.5 CV point, resulting in high m Ab recovery of 95.92% and additional removal of 49.98% of HCP comparing with whole elution pool. This study concluded that UV/Vis-based in-line monitoring at 280 and 410 nm showed a high potential to optimize and real-time control Protein A affinity chromatography for mAb purification from HCPs.

Optimization of Processing Technology for Roasted Licorice with Water by Orthogonal Method

[Objectives]To optimize the processing technology for roasted licorice with water.[Methods]Through the orthogonal experimental design,taking the water added,moistening time,frying temperature and frying time as the factors,and the content of glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhizic acid as the evaluation index,the processing technology for roasted licorice with water was optimized.[Results]The best processing technology of licorice was as follows:Pure licorice slices were mixed with water and moistened for 3 h,and then fried at 160℃for 6 min.20 kg of water was added to every 100 kg of licorice.[Conclusions]The best processing technology for roasted licorice with water was established,laying a foundation for the research and application of roasted licorice with water and its preparation.

Study on the Chromatographic Fingerprint of Volatile Constituents from Acacia Honey

[Objective] The experiment aimed to study chromatographic fingerprint in volatile components of acacia honey and provide scientific evaluation and effective control on quality of acacia honey.[Method] Using solid-phase microextraction method to separate and detect volatile components and construct chromatographic fingerprint.[Result] The honey was preheated for 15 min in water bath at 40 ℃ and solid-phase microextraction 85 μmPA was used to extract in overhead air about 30 min,then put it into the injector and desorpted 3 min,which is in 230 ℃.The Supelco WaxTM10 30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm column and gradient heating program was the best method to separate volatile components from honey.83 fingerprint peaks were constructed,among which 17 common fingerprint peaks were comprised of chromatographic fingerprint of volatile components of acacia honey.[Conclusion] The chromatographic fingerprint could provide reference for quality control of acacia honey.

Technological Experiments for the Enhancement of Glycerol Content in High Quality Wines

The glycerol content of grape juices and wines has been determined by gas-chromatographic methods using silyl derivatives. The effect of different storage conditions and yeast cultures on glycerol content has been investigated. Grape juice samples with different starting D-Glucose concentrations have been treated with several additives (HPO42?, S2O52?, NADH and HSO3?). Significant glycerol concentration enhancement has been detected in the case of the addition of NADH (5.14 g/L), however the presence of HSO3? prevented the excessive glycerol formation (1.21 g/L).

超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱法测定化妆品中达克罗宁和新康唑

利用超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱技术,建立化妆品中达克罗宁和新康唑非法添加物定性定量检测方法。样品经饱和氯化钠溶液分散,乙腈提取,超声波冰浴30 min助提。采用C18柱色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.9μm),用流动相A(0.1%甲酸水)和流动相B(甲醇)进行梯度洗脱,流量为0.3 mL/min,柱温为30℃,进样体积为2μL。达克罗宁和新康唑的质量浓度在1~100 ng/mL范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999。当取样质量为0.2 g时,质量分数定量限均为0.1μg/g,检出限均为0.03μg/g。该方法灵敏、快速,可用于化妆品中达克罗宁和新康唑两种目标物的测定。

高效液相色谱法对N-乙酰-L-酪氨酸生产工艺的中间物监控分析

为了探讨在生产N-乙酰-L-酪氨酸时,中间物料对产品质量的影响,试验研究了在采用乙酸酐乙酰化生产N-乙酰-L-酪氨酸过程中,对中间产生物料L-酪氨酸、N-乙酰-L-酪氨酸和N,O-二乙酰-L-酪氨酸的中控分析并测定它们的含量。具体方法是:把样品用超纯水稀释100倍后,在色谱柱(C_(18),150mm×4.6mm,5μm)上进行分离,以10mmol·L^(-1)磷酸盐(pH3.0)-甲醇(60:40,V/V)为流动相进行等度洗脱,在波长270nm处进行紫外检测。结果表明:L-酪氨酸、N-乙酰-L-酪氨酸、N,0-二乙酰-L-酪氨酸的质量浓度分别在10~1000mg·L^(-1),10~1000mg·L^(-1),50~1000mg·L^(-1)内与对应的峰面积呈现线性关系,检出限(3S/N)分别为1.1mg L^(-1),1.2mg·L^(-1),14.0mg·L^(-1);对实际样品进行加标回收试验,回收率分别在98.4%~105.0%,98.5%~100.8%,98.9%~100.5%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差RSD(n=6)分别为1.8%、0.7%和0.9%,均小于2.0%。说明所建立的高效液相方法切实可行,重现好,精密度高,可用于乙酰酪氨酸生产工艺中间物的监控分析。

气相色谱技术在化工分析中的应用

随着社会快速发展,化工行业对产品质量和工艺过程的控制要求越来越高。在此背景下,传统的化工分析方法已经难以满足现代化工生产的需要。气相色谱技术属于一种高效的分离分析技术,具有高灵敏度、高分辨率、操作简便和可重复性的优点。因此,气相色谱技术被广泛应用在化工分析领域中。对气相色谱技术在化工分析中的应用进行了研究与分析,旨在为化工分析工作的高效推进提供科学指导。

多维色谱技术在中药复杂成分分析中的应用进展

中药复杂成分分析是中医药研究中的关键环节,对于揭示中药药效物质基础、指导临床用药以及推动中药现代化进程具有重要意义。由于中药成分的多样性和复杂性,往往难以全面、准确地鉴定及完成其定量分析过程。近年来,多维色谱技术作为一种高效的分离分析手段,已用于中药复杂成分分析。该技术利用不同色谱模式的特点,实现对复杂样品的高分辨率分离,从而提高了中药成分分析的准确性和分析效率。本综述重点总结了多维色谱技术在中药复杂成分分析中的应用进展,包括色谱及多维色谱技术的概述、不同类型的多维色谱系统应用场景及优势、多维色谱技术在中药复杂成分分析的应用领域。同时,对多维色谱技术面临的挑战与解决方案进行了分析,并对未来的发展方向提出了展望。

核桃油风味品质提升技术研究进展

核桃具有较高含量的油脂和良好的脂肪酸(亚麻酸与亚油酸的比例接近1∶4),是优质的植物油来源。核桃油中营养物质丰富,具有较高的食用及营养价值,在调节血脂、抗氧化、增强免疫力等方面有重要作用。介绍了传统压榨法(热榨法和冷榨法)商业化制取核桃油的工艺流程,总结了基于不同风味提取方法的核桃油关键风味物质。针对目前研究存在的冷榨核桃油风味寡淡的瓶颈问题,探讨了现阶段从原料预处理、浸出法和酶解法角度出发的油脂增香技术,从分子水平阐明脂质氧化和美拉德反应途径及增香原理机制,在保留冷榨核桃油原有营养成分的基础上,通过对冷榨核桃油的制取工艺进行优化,显著提升冷榨核桃油的香味。通过阐明增香技术的原理与机制,希望为冷榨核桃油风味品质提升提供新思路和新途径,以期获得风味品质更佳的冷榨核桃油,同时提高核桃油产品的附加值,助力冷榨核桃油的产业发展。

色谱技术在中国白酒风味物质检测中的研究进展

白酒是中国的国酒,具有千年的历史传承。白酒酒体主要由乙醇、水以及微量风味物质构成,其中,风味物质的组成、含量对白酒香型区分和产品质量评价具有重要价值。目前,主要利用色谱技术检测白酒中微量风味物质。该文介绍了白酒色谱技术的发展历史,总结了白酒中挥发性风味化合物的前处理技术,综述了气相色谱(GC)、液相色谱(HPLC)及其联用技术原理及其在中国白酒风味物质检测中的应用,以期为后续选择色谱技术检测中国白酒风味物质提供参考。

GC-MS结合化学计量学方法分析桂花净油分子蒸馏馏分的挥发性成分

为了探究分子蒸馏技术纯化桂花净油的不同馏分挥发性成分与香气差异,采用气相色谱-质谱(Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)结合化学计量学方法中的正交偏最小二乘判别分析法(Orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis,OPLS-DA)、P-value与变量投影重要性(Variableimportant in the projection,VIP)与相对气味活度值(Relative odor activity value,ROAV)对桂花净油的轻组分、重组分和残留物组分挥发性成分进行分析。结果表明:三种馏分中共检测到8大类挥发性成分共73种,其中醇类22种、醛类5种、酸类10种、酚类3种、酮类5种、酯类17种、烷烃类5种、烯萜类6种。各馏分中醇类物质的种类与相对含量最高,是桂花净油挥发性成分的主要贡献物质,且各馏分的挥发性成分种类与相对含量具有显著性差异(P<0.05);建立的三种馏分挥发性成分判别模型,分类准确率为98.2%;并在分析确定出三种馏分27种差异性挥发物成分(VIP>1)后,对轻组分14种、重组分9种和残留物组分11种的关键香气贡献成分(ROAV>1)进行香气轮廓分析,轻组分与重组分、残留组分相比,表现出的花香味、甜味以及松木香味更为强烈。轻组分的挥发性成分种类与相对含量最多,香气特征中的桂花花香味最为浓郁强烈。本研究采用GC-MS结合化学计量学方法分析桂花净油各馏分挥发性成分差异与香气特征,为桂花净油分子蒸馏各馏分综合利用提供理论依据。

基于电子鼻与GC-MS融合技术的优质红茶和缺陷红茶香气品质评价

依据专家感官审评结果将14个红茶样本按香气品质的优劣划分为优质红茶与缺陷红茶2组,基于快速气相电子鼻(fast gas chromatography-electronic-nose,GC-E-Nose)和气相色谱-质谱(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)融合技术结合多元统计分析对2组茶样进行判别分析,筛选影响两类茶样分类的关键差异组分。结果显示:GC-E-Nose(44维)和GC-MS(73维)相融合可以得到117维融合数据集,用其建立的正交偏最小二乘判别分析模型可以实现两类红茶的准确分类,其模型解释能力和预测能力(R_(Y)^(2)=0.976,Q^(2)=0.959)较单一的GC-E-Nose或GC-MS数据模型更优。基于变量投影重要性>1.6和P<0.05双变量原则,共筛选出二甲基硫醚(B3、B25)、β-紫罗酮(A59)、(3E)-4,8-二甲基壬-1,3,7-三烯(A20)、二氢猕猴桃内酯(A64)、芳樟醇(A17)、苯乙醇(A19)、δ-辛内酯(A41)和γ-壬内酯(A45)8个关键香气组分对分类起重要作用。研究结果表明,GC-E-Nose与GC-MS融合技术可以实现缺陷红茶和优质红茶的快速、准确分类,该方法可作为传统感官审评方法的补充,为红茶品质控制和质量提升提供技术支撑。

不同产地酱香型白酒中挥发性含氮化合物的差异分析

酱香型白酒中含氮类化合物含量虽占比较少,但部分化合物气味阈值较低,对酒体风味贡献较大。以20种酱香型白酒为对象,来源产地包括贵州、广西、湖南、北京、天津、山东、黑龙江,采用液-液萃取结合全二维气相色谱-氮化学发光检测器联用技术对酱香型白酒中挥发性含氮化合物进行定性定量分析。共定性出49种挥发性含氮化合物,包括16种吡嗪类、12种噻唑类、4种吡啶类、6种吡咯类、2种胺类和9种其他化合物;不同产地的酱香型白酒中挥发性含氮化合物的种类差别不明显。对已报道具有香气的挥发性含氮化合物进行定量分析,结果表明:酱香型白酒挥发性含氮化合物中吡嗪类质量浓度最高;贵州酒样的吡嗪类质量浓度[(5.36±0.96)mg/L]最高,其次高的是中北部地区的酒样[(4.12±1.20)mg/L],湖南酒样的质量浓度[(3.05±0.64)mg/L]和广西酒样的质量浓度(3.00 mg/L)差别不明显,最低的是黑龙江产地的酒样[(1.68±0.42)mg/L]。根据定量结果,采用正交偏最小二乘判别分析,可成功区分不同产地的酱香型白酒;苯并噻唑、吡嗪、2,3,5,6-四甲基吡嗪、2,6-二甲基吡嗪等11种变量投影值大于1的含氮化合物,可作为区分不同产地酱香型白酒的差异成分。研究可为酱香型白酒产地区分和溯源提供理论支持。

二维液相色谱技术在食品检测中的探索应用

介绍了二维液相色谱技术与高效液相色谱技术的区别,阐述了二维液相色谱技术在食品营养检测、添加剂检测、有毒有害物质检测等方面的应用。利用实例对该技术方法进行了展示,以期对食品安全检测领域提供有效的参考和借鉴。

食品中多氯联苯检测技术研究进展

多氯联苯(polychlorinated biphenyls,PCBs)是由一个或多个氯原子取代联苯分子中氢原子而形成的一类有机化合物的总称,具有持久性、高富集性和生物毒性等特点。普通人群摄入PCBs的主要途径是通过食物摄入,尤其是动物源性食品。PCBs可能会对人类和动物神经发育、生殖、消化、免疫等系统造成不利影响,对人类身体健康具有严重危害。本文对近5年食品中PCBs检测技术研究进行了综述,系统梳理了样品前处理及各种测定技术的现状,对这些方法的创新性、局限性等进行了总结,并对食品中PCBs检测技术未来的发展进行了展望,为进一步降低和控制食品中的PCBs含量提供参考。

人类辅助生殖技术用液中铵离子含量影响因素分析

目的为人类辅助生殖技术(ART)用液产品中铵离子含量的控制及储存条件提供参考。方法选择市场上6个厂家17批不同作用的ART用液,使用离子色谱法测定铵离子含量,并分析储存温度和储存时间对铵离子含量的影响。结果货架有效期内,冷冻液套装、解冻液套装、培养液、处理液中铵离子含量分别为0.89~3.34µg/mL,0.88~4.68µg/mL,0.75~1.45µg/mL,0.38~3.89µg/mL。胚胎培养液中铵离子含量,37℃储存时30 d内从0.9µg/mL升至3.1µg/mL,4℃储存时240 d内从0.6µg/mL升至1.7µg/mL。结论不同作用ART用液中铵离子含量存在差异,且与产品的储存温度、储存时间呈正相关。在进行货架有效期制订时,应考虑产品中铵离子含量。