Plastic cover,as a method to minimize soil water evaporation and improve water use efficiency,was used for corn during the whole growing period in a desert area.Field Studies were conducted to determine the effect of ...Plastic cover,as a method to minimize soil water evaporation and improve water use efficiency,was used for corn during the whole growing period in a desert area.Field Studies were conducted to determine the effect of plastic covering nmanagement on corn growth and rooting pattern and its relationship with changes in climate.Four treatments.0) bared soil without cover,1) covering one side of the crop,2) covering both sides of the crop,and 3) covering the surface totally,were established on a sandy loam soil.Results showed that treatment 0 was significantly different from others and revealed that plastic covering was not always good to corn growht.Improper usage of plastic cover might weaken root development and thereafter lower the total yield of the crop.Suitable practices cvombining different methods discussed could not only improve water use efficiency but also increase the crop yield.展开更多
Four depth treatments of subsurface drip irrigation pipes were designated as 1) at 20,2) 30 and 3) 40 cm depths all with a drip-proof flumes underneath,and 4) at 30 cm without a drip-proof flume to investigate the res...Four depth treatments of subsurface drip irrigation pipes were designated as 1) at 20,2) 30 and 3) 40 cm depths all with a drip-proof flumes underneath,and 4) at 30 cm without a drip-proof flume to investigate the responses of a tomato root system to different technical parameters of subsurface drip irrigation in a glass greenhouse,to evaluate tomato growth as affected by subsurface drip irrigation,and to develop an integrated subsurface drip irrigation method for optimal tomato yield and water use in a glass greenhouse. Tomato seedlings were planted above the subsurface drip irrigation pipe. Most of the tomato roots in treatment 1 were found in the top 0-20 cm soil depth with weak root activity but with yield and water use efficiency (WUE) significantly less (P ---- 0.05) than treatment 2; root activity and tomato yield were significantly higher (P = 0.05) with treatment 3 compared to treatment 1; and with treatment 2 the tomato roots and shoots grew harmoniously with root activity,nutrient uptake,tomato yield and WUE significantly higher (P= 0.05) or as high as the other treatments. These findings suggested that subsurface drip irrigation with pipes at 30 cm depth with a drip-proof flume placed underneath was best for tomato production in greenhouses. In addition,the irrigation interval should be about 7-8 days and the irrigation rate should be set to 225 m3 ha-1 per event.展开更多
Xinjiang Region of China is one of the most typical and representative arid areas worldwide,along with severe soil salinization issue.Planting spring wheat and sequential cropping silage corn in Northern Xinjiang usin...Xinjiang Region of China is one of the most typical and representative arid areas worldwide,along with severe soil salinization issue.Planting spring wheat and sequential cropping silage corn in Northern Xinjiang using drip irrigation has become an effective way to relieve soil salinity stress,which improves the simple agricultural structure in the past and ensures food security in this area.However,neither the effects of different soil salinities on the growth and yield of spring wheat and silage corn,nor their desalination effect correspondingly was clear until now.Therefore,a pot experiment was conducted at Shihezi,Xinjiang from March to June 2015.The study aimed to establish the quantitative correlations between the parameters mentioned above and came up with the appropriate soil salinity threshold in Northern Xinjiang area.The results confirmed that the soils in all treatments were desalinated after the whole growth period,and the decreasing rates varied within 18.89%-44.08%and 11.06%-30.83%for two plants,which showed linear and quadratic correlations with initial soil salinity,respectively(R^(2)>0.92^(**),p<0.05).Meanwhile,higher soil salinity would inhibit crop growth and yield,and the initial soil salinity also represented the negative quadratic correlations with growth parameters(R^(2)>0.92^(**),p<0.01).The inhibition effect was enhanced with larger initial soil salinity.After the comprehensive consideration of soil salinity variation,crop growth and yield,the initial soil salinity was recommended under 8.91 g/kg and 5.54 g/kg to plant spring wheat and sequential cropping silage corn in Northern Xinjiang using drip irrigation.展开更多
文摘Plastic cover,as a method to minimize soil water evaporation and improve water use efficiency,was used for corn during the whole growing period in a desert area.Field Studies were conducted to determine the effect of plastic covering nmanagement on corn growth and rooting pattern and its relationship with changes in climate.Four treatments.0) bared soil without cover,1) covering one side of the crop,2) covering both sides of the crop,and 3) covering the surface totally,were established on a sandy loam soil.Results showed that treatment 0 was significantly different from others and revealed that plastic covering was not always good to corn growht.Improper usage of plastic cover might weaken root development and thereafter lower the total yield of the crop.Suitable practices cvombining different methods discussed could not only improve water use efficiency but also increase the crop yield.
基金Project supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) (No. KZCX-SW-416-02), and the K. C. Wong Post Doctoral Research Award Fund of CAS (No. 29, 2002).
文摘Four depth treatments of subsurface drip irrigation pipes were designated as 1) at 20,2) 30 and 3) 40 cm depths all with a drip-proof flumes underneath,and 4) at 30 cm without a drip-proof flume to investigate the responses of a tomato root system to different technical parameters of subsurface drip irrigation in a glass greenhouse,to evaluate tomato growth as affected by subsurface drip irrigation,and to develop an integrated subsurface drip irrigation method for optimal tomato yield and water use in a glass greenhouse. Tomato seedlings were planted above the subsurface drip irrigation pipe. Most of the tomato roots in treatment 1 were found in the top 0-20 cm soil depth with weak root activity but with yield and water use efficiency (WUE) significantly less (P ---- 0.05) than treatment 2; root activity and tomato yield were significantly higher (P = 0.05) with treatment 3 compared to treatment 1; and with treatment 2 the tomato roots and shoots grew harmoniously with root activity,nutrient uptake,tomato yield and WUE significantly higher (P= 0.05) or as high as the other treatments. These findings suggested that subsurface drip irrigation with pipes at 30 cm depth with a drip-proof flume placed underneath was best for tomato production in greenhouses. In addition,the irrigation interval should be about 7-8 days and the irrigation rate should be set to 225 m3 ha-1 per event.
基金support from the Natural Science Foundation of China(51169022)the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2015BAD20B03)the High-level Scientific Research of Shihezi University(RCZX201433).
文摘Xinjiang Region of China is one of the most typical and representative arid areas worldwide,along with severe soil salinization issue.Planting spring wheat and sequential cropping silage corn in Northern Xinjiang using drip irrigation has become an effective way to relieve soil salinity stress,which improves the simple agricultural structure in the past and ensures food security in this area.However,neither the effects of different soil salinities on the growth and yield of spring wheat and silage corn,nor their desalination effect correspondingly was clear until now.Therefore,a pot experiment was conducted at Shihezi,Xinjiang from March to June 2015.The study aimed to establish the quantitative correlations between the parameters mentioned above and came up with the appropriate soil salinity threshold in Northern Xinjiang area.The results confirmed that the soils in all treatments were desalinated after the whole growth period,and the decreasing rates varied within 18.89%-44.08%and 11.06%-30.83%for two plants,which showed linear and quadratic correlations with initial soil salinity,respectively(R^(2)>0.92^(**),p<0.05).Meanwhile,higher soil salinity would inhibit crop growth and yield,and the initial soil salinity also represented the negative quadratic correlations with growth parameters(R^(2)>0.92^(**),p<0.01).The inhibition effect was enhanced with larger initial soil salinity.After the comprehensive consideration of soil salinity variation,crop growth and yield,the initial soil salinity was recommended under 8.91 g/kg and 5.54 g/kg to plant spring wheat and sequential cropping silage corn in Northern Xinjiang using drip irrigation.