Keratoconus is an ectatic condition characterized by gradual corneal thinning,corneal protrusion,progressive irregular astigmatism,corneal fibrosis,and visual impairment.The therapeutic options regarding improvement o...Keratoconus is an ectatic condition characterized by gradual corneal thinning,corneal protrusion,progressive irregular astigmatism,corneal fibrosis,and visual impairment.The therapeutic options regarding improvement of visual function include glasses or soft contact lenses correction for initial stages,gas-permeable rigid contact lenses,scleral lenses,implantation of intrastromal corneal ring or corneal transplants for most advanced stages.In keratoconus cases showing disease progression corneal collagen crosslinking(CXL)has been proven to be an effective,minimally invasive and safe procedure.CXL consists of a photochemical reaction of corneal collagen by riboflavin stimulation with ultraviolet A radiation,resulting in stromal crosslinks formation.The aim of this review is to carry out an examination of CXL methods based on theoretical basis and mathematical models,from the original Dresden protocol to the most recent developments in the technique,reporting the changes proposed in the last 15y and examining the advantages and disadvantages of the various treatment protocols.Finally,the limits of non-standardized methods and the perspectives offered by a customization of the treatment are highlighted.展开更多
The study of corneal biomechanics in vivo has been evolving fast in recent years.While an organised corneal structure is necessary for its transparency,resistance to occasional external insults and bearing the intraoc...The study of corneal biomechanics in vivo has been evolving fast in recent years.While an organised corneal structure is necessary for its transparency,resistance to occasional external insults and bearing the intraocular pressure(IOP),which several clinically relevant events can disturb.This review focuses on three techniques that are available for clinical use,namely the Ocular Response Analyzer(Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments,Buffalo,NY,USA),the Corvis ST(Oculus Optikgerate GmbH,Wetzlar,Germany)and the Brillouin Optical Scattering System(Intelon Optics Inc.,Lexington,MA,USA).The principles and the main parameters of each device are discussed along with their strategies to improve accuracy in the IOP measurement,corneal ectasia diagnosis,evaluation of corneal cross-linking procedures,and planning of corneal refractive surgeries.展开更多
文摘Keratoconus is an ectatic condition characterized by gradual corneal thinning,corneal protrusion,progressive irregular astigmatism,corneal fibrosis,and visual impairment.The therapeutic options regarding improvement of visual function include glasses or soft contact lenses correction for initial stages,gas-permeable rigid contact lenses,scleral lenses,implantation of intrastromal corneal ring or corneal transplants for most advanced stages.In keratoconus cases showing disease progression corneal collagen crosslinking(CXL)has been proven to be an effective,minimally invasive and safe procedure.CXL consists of a photochemical reaction of corneal collagen by riboflavin stimulation with ultraviolet A radiation,resulting in stromal crosslinks formation.The aim of this review is to carry out an examination of CXL methods based on theoretical basis and mathematical models,from the original Dresden protocol to the most recent developments in the technique,reporting the changes proposed in the last 15y and examining the advantages and disadvantages of the various treatment protocols.Finally,the limits of non-standardized methods and the perspectives offered by a customization of the treatment are highlighted.
基金This study was supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant(LY20H120001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82001924).
文摘The study of corneal biomechanics in vivo has been evolving fast in recent years.While an organised corneal structure is necessary for its transparency,resistance to occasional external insults and bearing the intraocular pressure(IOP),which several clinically relevant events can disturb.This review focuses on three techniques that are available for clinical use,namely the Ocular Response Analyzer(Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments,Buffalo,NY,USA),the Corvis ST(Oculus Optikgerate GmbH,Wetzlar,Germany)and the Brillouin Optical Scattering System(Intelon Optics Inc.,Lexington,MA,USA).The principles and the main parameters of each device are discussed along with their strategies to improve accuracy in the IOP measurement,corneal ectasia diagnosis,evaluation of corneal cross-linking procedures,and planning of corneal refractive surgeries.
