Clinical Observation on Quality of Life in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Patients Treated According to Syndrome Differentiation of TCM

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect and quality of life (QOL) in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients treated according to syndrome differentiation of TCM. Methods: Eighty-two CABG patients were allocated in the control group (n = 39) treated with conventional method of western medicine, and the TCM-treated group (n

Risk factors for acute kidney injury following coronary artery bypass graft surgery in a Chinese population and development of a prediction model

BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury(AKI)after coronary artery bypass graft(CABG)surgery is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.This retrospective study aimed to establish a risk score for postoperative AKI in a Chinese population.METHODS A total of 1138 patients undergoing CABG were collected from September 2018 to May 2020 and divided into a derivation and validation cohort.AKI was defined according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes(KDIGO)criteria.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors of AKI,and the predictive ability of the model was determined using a receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.RESULTS The incidence of cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury(CSA-AKI)was 24.17%,and 0.53%of AKI patients required dialysis(AKI-D).Among the derivation cohort,multivariable logistic regression showed that age≥70 years,body mass index(BMI)≥25 kg/m2,estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)≤60 mL/min per 1.73 m2,ejection fraction(EF)≤45%,use of statins,red blood cell transfusion,use of adrenaline,intra-aortic balloon pump(IABP)implantation,postoperative low cardiac output syndrome(LCOS)and reoperation for bleeding were independent predictors.The predictive model was scored from 0 to32 points with three risk categories.The AKI frequencies were as follows:0-8 points(15.9%),9-17 points(36.5%)and≥18 points(90.4%).The area under of the ROC curve was 0.730(95%CI:0.691-0.768)in the derivation cohort.The predictive index had good discrimination in the validation cohort,with an area under the curve of 0.735(95%CI:0.655-0.815).The model was well calibrated according to the Hosmer-Lemeshow test(P=0.372).CONCLUSION The performance of the prediction model was valid and accurate in predicting KDIGO-AKI after CABG surgery in Chinese patients,and could improve the early prognosis and clinical interventions.

Impact of gout on in-hospital outcomes of acute coronary syndrome-related hospitalizations and revascularizations: Insights from the national inpatient sample

BACKGROUND Previous studies have established a role of gout in predicting risk and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. However, large-scale data on the impact of gout on inpatient outcomes of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)-related hospitalizations and post-revascularization is inadequate. AIM To evaluate the impact of gout on in-hospital outcomes of ACS hospitalizations, subsequent healthcare burden and predictors of post-revascularization inpatient mortality. METHODS We used the national inpatient sample (2010-2014) to identify the ACS and goutrelated hospitalizations, relevant comorbidities, revascularization and postrevascularization outcomes using the ICD-9 CM codes. A multivariable analysis was performed to evaluate the predictors of post-revascularization in-hospital mortality. RESULTS We identified 3144744 ACS-related hospitalizations, of which 105198 (3.35%) also had gout. The ACS-gout cohort were more often older white males with a higher prevalence of comorbidities. Coronary artery bypass grafting was required more often in the ACS-gout cohort. Post-revascularization complications including cardiac (3.2% vs 2.9%), respiratory (3.5% vs 2.9%), and hemorrhage (3.1% vs 2.7%) were higher whereas all-cause mortality was lower (2.2% vs 3.0%) in the ACSgout cohort (P < 0.001). An older age (OR 15.63, CI: 5.51-44.39), non-elective admissions (OR 2.00, CI: 1.44-2.79), lower household income (OR 1.44, CI: 1.17- 1.78), and comorbid conditions predicted higher mortality in ACS-gout cohort undergoing revascularization (P < 0.001). Odds of post-revascularization inhospital mortality were lower in Hispanics (OR 0.45, CI: 0.31-0.67) and Asians (OR 0.65, CI: 0.45-0.94) as compared to white (P < 0.001). However, postoperative complications significantly raised mortality odds. Mean length of stay, transfer to other facilities, and hospital charges were higher in the ACS-gout cohort. CONCLUSION Although gout was not independently associated with an increased risk of postrevascularization in-hospital mortality in ACS, it did increase postrevascularization complications.

Effect of coronary artery revascularization on in-hospital outcomes and long-term prognoses in acute myocardial infarction patients with prior ischemic stroke

ObjectiveTo 调查冠的动脉 revascularization 治疗(大车)，包括的经皮的冠的干预(一种总线标准)和冠的动脉是否绕过 grafting ( CABG )，能为有优先的 ischemic 的病人摸的尖锐心肌的梗塞( AMI )改进在里面医院和长期的结果() 387 个 AMI 病人与的 .MethodsA 总数优先在这队研究从2005年1月15日连续地被注册到2011年12月24日。所有病人被分成 CART 组(n = 204 ) 或保守的药(厘米) 组(n = 183 ) 。在里面医院 cardiocerebral 事件和在 36 个月的平均后续以后的二个组的长期的死亡被 Kaplan-Meier 幸存曲线记录并且由逻辑回归和艇长回归 model.ResultsThe 大车病人比较了更年轻(66.5 &#x000b1；9.7 年对 71.7 &#x000b1；9.7 年， P &#x0003c；0.01 ) ，有更少的非圣片断举起心肌的梗塞(11.8% 对 20.8% ， P = 0.016 ) 并且更多重脉管的冠的损害(50% 对 69.4% ， P = 0.031 ) 。当 26.2% 在 CM 组织时，在 CART 组的 cardiocerebral 事件的住院发生是 9.3%(P &#x0003c；0.01 ) 。大车显著地在 65% 减少了在里面医院 cardiocerebral 事件的风险[调整机会比率(或)= 0.35， 95% CI：0.13-0.92 ] 。在后续底， 57 个盒子(41.6%) 在厘米组死了(n = 137 ) 并且 24 个盒子(12.2%) 在大车组死了(n = 197 ) 。考克斯回归显示那辆大车减少了在 72% 的长期的死亡[调整危险比率(HR )= 0.28， 95% CI：0.06-0.46 ] ，当范畴的分析显示了时，一种总线标准和 CABG.ConclusionsCART 之间的重要差别都没在为 AMI 病人改进在里面医院和长期的预测与上有重要效果优先。

Renal Function after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Using Dexmedetomidine

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined by 0.3 mg/dL increase in serum creatinine (SCr) and is associated with higher incidence of postoperative mortality after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). There are few clinical studies on the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on renal function. We evaluated AKI after coronary artery bypass graft with and without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) under anesthesia with DEX. Method: In this retrospective study, we performed serial analysis of serum creatinine (SCr) up to 48 hours after surgery in 286 patients who underwent CABG. We tested the similarities between groups, evaluating patients separately for use of CPB and DEX. Each patient was evaluated for his or her SCr at the following points in time: preoperative, immediately postoperative, 24 hours postoperative, and 48 hours postoperative. Preoperative SCr was used as the baseline value for each patient. If the SCr increased ≥0.3 mg/dL in at least one of the periods, the patient was classified as having AKI. We also assessed the risk for AKI in patients with altered preoperative SCr (values between 1.1 to 2.0 mg/dL for women or 1.3 to 2.0 mg/dL for men) compared to patients with normal SCr. Results: The groups were similar for preoperative weight, age, and altered SCr. Patients were anesthetized with DEX and who underwent CPB exhibited higher incidence of AKI (p = 0.043). Without CPB, there was higher incidence of AKI after using DEX (p = 0.066). Conclusion: Anaesthesia with DEX increased the incidence of AKI after myocardial revascularization surgery in patients who underwent CPB.

Coronary angiographies of patients with recurrent acute coronary syndrome following coronary artery bypass grafting

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is considered as a more complete means of revascularization than percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) can still occur after CABG. The culprit vessel can be the graft vessel or the native vessel. Many questions remain unanswered in the Chinese literature regarding this topic: what are the short- and long-term pathological changes that induce ACS? Is there any difference between arterial and venous grafts with respect to the frequency of restenosis? Are there any patterns of ACS-related vessels in different periods after CABG? We aim to answer these fundamental questions by analyzing coronary angiographies of patients with recurrent ACS following CABG and provide evidence for reducing post-CABG restenosis.

A rare case of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction triggered by coronary subclavian steal syndrome

Coronary subclavian steal syndrome (CSSS) has been recognized lately as an unusual clinical entity,giving rise to angina but rarely causing an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The prerequisites for the appearance of CSSS are both a patent left internal mammary artery (LIMA) graft and severe stenosis of the left subclavian artery (LSA). However,LSA is often overlooked in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with angina,who have underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We report an unusual case of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) caused by subtotal occlusion of proximal LSA.

Interventional treatment of the left subclavian in 2 patients with coronary steal syndrome

In patients with history of coronary artery disease angina pectoris is usually attributed to the progression of atherosclerotic lesions. However,in patients with previous coronary artery bypass graft operation(CABG) using internal mammary artery grafts,great vessel disease should also be considered. Herein we present two patients with history of CABG whose symptoms were suspicious for coronary ischemia. During cardiac catheterization reverse blood flow was observed from the left artery disease to the left internal mammary artery(LIMA) graft in both cases. After angioplasty and stent implantation of the left subclavian artery antegrade flow was restored in the LIMA grafts and both patients had complete resolution of symptoms.

Giant saphenous vein graft pseudoaneurysm to right posterior descending artery presenting with superior vena cava syndrome

Saphenous vein grafts(SVG) pseudoaneurysms,especially giant ones,are rare and occur as a late complication of coronary artery bypass grafting. This condition affects both genders and typically occurs within the sixth decade of life. The clinical presentation ranges from an asymptomatic incidental finding on imaging studies to new onset angina,dyspnea,myocardial infarction or symptoms related to compression of neighboring structures. An 82-year-old woman presented with acute onset back pain,dyspnea and was noted to have significantly engorged neck veins. In the emergency department,a chest computed tomographic angiogram with intravenous contrast revealed a ruptured giant bilobed SVG pseudoaneurysm to the right posterior descending artery(RPDA). This imaging modality also demonstrated compression of the superior vena cava(SVC) by the SVG pseudoaneurysm. Coronary angiogram with bypass study was performed to establish the patency of this graft. Endovascular coiling and embolization of the SVG to RPDA was initially considered but disfavored after the coronary angiogram revealed preserved flow from the graft to this arterial branch. After reviewing the angiogram films,a surgical strategy was favored over a percutaneous intervention with a Nitinol self-expanding stent since the latter would have not addressed the superior vena cava compression caused by the giant pseudoaneurysm. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiogram demonstrated SVCcompression by the giant pseudoaneurysm cranial lobe. Our patient underwent surgical ligation and excision of the giant pseudoaneurysm and the RPDA was regrafted successfully. In summary,saphenous vein grafts pseudoaneurysms can be life-threatening and its therapy should be guided based on the presence of mechanical complications,the patency of the affected vein graft and the involved myocardial territory viability.

Pregnancy associated spontaneous coronary artery dissection:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Pregnancy-associated spontaneous coronary artery dissection(PSCAD)is an important cause of chest pain and acute myocardial infarction in pregnant and postpartum women.Pregnancy is considered an isolated risk factor for spontaneous coronary artery dissection.The etiology,pathogenesis,and incidence of PSCAD are not known.CASE SUMMARY We present a case of a 33-year-old postpartum female who presented with sudden onset chest pain and was diagnosed with spontaneous coronary artery dissection and needed urgent catheterization revealing left anterior descending coronary artery dissection.She underwent emergent coronary artery bypass graft surgery with good post-operative recovery.CONCLUSION Most patients with PSCAD can be managed conservatively with medical management and have good outcomes.Patients with high-risk presentations benefit from the invasive approach.Coronary artery bypass graft may be required in select few patients based on angiography findings.Due to the risk of recurrent spontaneous coronary artery dissection,subsequent pregnancies are discouraged.

Soluble CD40 ligand is associated with angiographic severity of coronary artery disease in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Background Recently,studies have disclosed soluble CD40 ligand （sCD40L） during atherosclerosis development and plaque destabilization.The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that sCD40L levels are higher in acute coronary syndrome （ACS） patients with a greater extent of angiographic coronary involvement.Methods This cross-sectional study examined ACS patients who underwent coronary angiography by measuring their sCD40L levels.In order to estimate the serum levels of sCD40L,10 ml of peripheral venous blood was drawn within 24 hours of admission.sCD40L levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA,RapidBio,West Hills,CA,USA）.Demographic data,presence of concomitant diseases,ACS characteristics,and angiographic findings were evaluated.A review of medical records and patient interviews were conducted to assess coronary risk factors.And the severity of coronary artery disease was evaluated using the Gensini score index.Results Two hundred and eighty-nine patients were included in the study,of whom 186 were male,with an average age of 64.1±10.0 years.Median sCD40L levels were 1.7 ng/ml （0.3-7.3 ng/ml） and Gensini scores were 50 （0-228）.After adjusting for demographic variables and cardiovascular risk factors,the Gensini score was associated with the natural logarithm of the sCD40L level （Coefficient b=0.002,95％ CI 0.000-0.003,P=0.029）.Conclusion sCD40L levels were independently associated with angiographic severity of coronary artery disease in patients with ACS.

Risk factors for vasoplegic syndrome after coronary artery bypass grafting

The etiology of vasoplegic syndrome （VS） is not completely elucidated and the clinical im- portance remains speculative. Methods Twenty-four patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and developed VS were compared with 48 control patients without VS in a 2：1 case control study. Cases and controls were matched by gender, age （ ± 5 years old） and operation date （ ±1 week）. Results The inde- pendent predictors of VS were lower ejection fraction （OR 10.75, 95% CI 2.93-39.44, when LVEF 〈 0.45） and diuretic use （OR 8.98, 95% CI 2.59-31.10） in logistic regression analysis. Conclusion lower ejection fraction （ 〈 0.45） and diuretic use are independent risk factors for VS occurrence.

Exploration of Syndrome Differentiation Patterns in Coronary Heart Disease Patients during Peri-Operative Stage of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

Objective: To explore the patterns of Syndrome Differentiation (SD) of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients in peri-operative stage of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG).Methods: One week after operation, thirty-seven CHD patients, who received CABG of internal mammary artery or great saphena vein under conventional general anesthesia with low or middle temperature extracorporeal circulation were differentiated as various syndromes, with the pre- or post-operational EKG, color Doppler echocardiography were done during and after operation. The hemodynamic parameters were monitored.Results: In the CHD patients, 64.9% were differentiated as Qi-Yin deficiency, 67.6% were complicated with phlegm syndrome and 62.2% with blood stasis, suggesting that Qi-deficiency, phlegm and stasis are the basic pathogenetic factors in patients with CABG. Moreover, the peri-operative syndrome was correlated with the condition of coronary artery lesion, heart and lung functions before operation, and the extracorporeal circulation time during the operation.Conclusion: TCM SD conducting in peri-operative stage might be useful in exploring the patterns of syndrome alteration which provided a basis for preventing peri-operative complications and elevating success rate of operation.

A Case of Local Groin Abscess Caused by Transfemoral Coronary Procedures

Bacterial infection due to coronary angiography is an uncommon but important complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) which is responsible for significant morbidity and extended hospital stay. The reasons for this symptom are still unclear. We report a case of local groin abscess two weeks after the latest procedure. The reasons responsible for the groin abscess in this case might be diabetes mellitus without being properly controlled, left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction, multiple operations in the same site, the usage of vascular closure device (VCD), and long time pressure after the procedure. We should pay enough attention to these risk factors in the future clinical practice to avoid this serious complication.

Similar long-term outcome for arterial myocardial revascularization performed after or within the first seven day of acute myocardial infarction

The current practice of myocardial revascularization for acute myocardial infarction (MI) is primary percutaneous intervention (PCI). Surgical revascularization (“bypass”) is reserved for patients unsuitable for PCI. The purpose of this report is to describe the long-term outcome of acute MI patients who underwent left-sided arterial revascularization (left anterior descending and circumflex arteries) before PCI was adopted as the preferred treatment for this subset of patients. Between 1996 and 2002, 434 consecutive patients in our center underwent myocardial revascularization for recent MI using the composite T-graft technique (381 bilateral internal thoracic arteries and 53 single internal thoracic artery and radial arteries). Two-hundred and seventy-six patients were operated on within seven days of an acute MI (Group A) and the remaining 158 patients were operated on after the 7th day since an acute MI (Group B). Group A had significantly increased operative mortality (6.5% vs 1.3% for Group B, P = 0.012). Surgery performed within the first week of an acute MI was also found to be a significant predictor of early mortality in multivariate logistic regression analysis (O.R. 10.31;95% C.I. 1.32-83.30, P = 0.026). The mean follow-up was 10.6 ± 5.2 years. The Kaplan Meier 10-year survival of the two groups, however, was similar (65.6 ± 2.9 Group A vs 64.6 ± 3.8 Group B, P = 0.953), and assignment to Group A was not an independent predictor of decreased survival (P = 0.395, Cox model). When using arterial grafts for myocardial revascularization, the long-term outcome of patients operated on during the first 7 days of acute MI is not worse than that of patients operated on after more than 7 days, despite their increased operative mortality.

Triple rule-out computed tomography angiography:Evaluation of acute chest pain in COVID-19 patients in the emergency department

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to define clinical evidence supporting that triple ruleout computed tomography angiography(TRO CTA)is a comprehensive and feasible diagnostic tool in patients with novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)who were admitted to the emergency department(ED)for acute chest pain.Optimizing diagnostic imaging strategies in COVID-19 related thromboembolic events,will help for rapid and noninvasive diagnoses and results will be effective for patients and healthcare systems in all aspects.AIM To define clinical evidence supporting that TRO CTA is a comprehensive and feasible diagnostic tool in COVID-19 patients who were admitted to the ED for acute chest pain,and to assess outcomes of optimizing diagnostic imaging strategies,particularly TRO CTA use,in COVID-19 related thromboembolic events.METHODS TRO CTA images were evaluated for the presence of coronary artery disease,pulmonary thromboembolism(PTE),or acute aortic syndromes.Statistical analyses were used for evaluation of significant association between the variables.A two tailed P-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS Fifty-three patients were included into the study.In 31 patients(65.9%),there was not any pathology,while PTE was diagnosed in 11 patients.There was no significant relationship between the rates of pathology on CTA and history of hypertension.On the other hand,the diabetes mellitus rate was much higher in the acute coronary syndrome group,particularly in the PTE group(8/31=25.8%vs 6/16=37.5%,P=0.001).The rate of dyslipidemia was significantly higher in the group with pathology on CTA while compared to those without pathology apart from imaging findings of the pneumonia group(62.5%vs 38.7%,P<0.001).Smoking history rates were similar in the groups.Platelets,D-dimer,fibrinogen,C-reactive protein,and erythrocyte sedimentation rate values were higher in COVID-19 cases with additional pathologies.CONCLUSION TRO CTA is an effective imaging method in evaluation of all thoracic vascular systems at once and gives accurate results in COVID-19 patients.

Long-term outcome of native artery versus bypass graft intervention in prior coronary artery bypass graft patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Background Patients with prior coronary artery bypass graft （CABG） have a poor outcome after acute myocardial infarction （AMI）.Little is known about the treatment strategy and outcome of percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） in these patients.The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of graft versus native artery PCI on the outcomes of prior CABG patients with AMI.Methods Between September 2005 and October 2011,a total of 140 consecutive patients with previous CABG undergoing PCI for the treatment of AMI were included.Clinical/procedural characteristics and long-term clinical outcomes were compared between graft and native artery PCI patients.Results The mean time interval to prior CABG was （5.6±4.2） years.Thirty patients received graft PCI,success rate being 90%.One hundred and ten patients received native artery PCI,success rate being 90.7% （P 〉0.05）.There were no significant differences in the basic characteristics between the two groups.All patients received drug eluting stents （DESs）.Three patients died during hospitalization in the graft-PCI group （10% vs.native PCI 0,P 〈0.05）.After a median followup of two years,major adverse cardiac events （MACE） （myocardial infarction,target vessel revascularization,total death） were 20% with no significant difference between the two groups.Cox regression analysis showed that both diabetes mellitus （DM,HR 3.57,95% CI 1.03-5.75,P 〈0.05） and primary PCI （HR 5.932,95% Cl 1.91-18.4,P 〈0.05） were independent predictors of MACE.Conclusions More patients with prior CABG underwent native artery PCI for AMI.PCI to culprit graft vessels had higher in-hospital mortality.DM and primary PCI,but not graft PCI,were predictors for adverse long-term outcome.

冠状动脉旁路移植术后低心排血量综合征的危险因素分析及预测模型构建

目的探讨冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)后发生低心排血量综合征(LCOS)的危险因素并构建预测LCOS发生风险的列线图模型。方法选择2019年10月至2022年5月于河南省人民医院心脏中心行CABG手术的231例冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(CAHD)患者为研究对象,将患者按照7:3的比例随机分为训练集(n=162)和验证集(n=69)。比较训练集与验证集患者的各项参数,以明确训练集与验证集患者的可比性。根据CABG术后是否发生LCOS,将训练集患者分为LCOS组(n=33例)和非LCOS组(n=129例),并对训练集中的样本参数进行单因素和多因素logistic回归分析,得出CABG术后发生LCOS的独立危险因素,构建CABG术后LCOS发生风险的列线图预测模型,使用受试者操作特征曲线、校准曲线和决策曲线分析评估模型的区分度、校准度和临床适用性。结果训练集和验证集患者的LCOS发生率分别为20.37%(33/162)和18.84%(13/69)。训练集和验证集患者的各项参数比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。训练集中非LCOS组与LCOS组患者的年龄、心率、血尿素氮、血清肌酐、估测肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、血清N端B型钠尿肽前体(NT-proBNP)、血清肌钙蛋白T、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、二尖瓣反流面积、合并心肌梗死史、纽约心脏病学会分级Ⅲ~Ⅳ级占比、体外循环手术占比、手术时间、术中出血量以及术后血流动力学指标中心静脉压、肺动脉舒张压、肺动脉搏动指数(PAPI)比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,术前LVEF降低[比值比(OR)=0.891,95%置信区间(CI):0.832~0.954,P=0.001]、术前eGFR降低(OR=0.963,95%CI:0.934~0.994,P=0.018)、术前NT-proBNP升高(OR=1.001,95%CI:1.000~1.001,P=0.006)、手术时间增加(OR=1.013,95%CI:1.003~1.022,P=0.008)及术后PAPI降低(OR=0.094,95%CI:0.028~0.319,P=0.000)是CABG术后发生LCOS的独立危险因素。基于上述指标构建列线图模型。列线图模型在训练集中预测LCOS发生风险的曲线下曲积为0.931(95%CI:0.890~0.972),灵敏度为82.20%,特异度为90.90%;在验证集中预测LCOS发生风险的曲线下曲积为0.907(95%CI:0.813~1.000),灵敏度为96.40%,特异度为84.60%;说明该模型具有很高的区分度;校准曲线显示,在训练集和验证集中列线图模型的预测概率与实际发生概率具备良好的一致性(平均绝对误差分别为0.038、0.026);Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验显示,模型预测LCOS发生概率和实际发生概率的预测偏差均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.381、6.907,P>0.05),表明该模型具有良好的校准度。结论术前LVEF降低、术前eGFR降低、术前NT-proBNP升高、手术时间增加和术后PAPI降低是CABG术后CAHD患者发生LCOS的独立危险因素,基于以上5个因素建立的预测LCOS发生风险的列线图模型具有较高的区分度、良好的校准度和较好的临床适应性,可有效预测CABG术后LCOS的发生。

基于问题解决法的认知行为干预对冠状动脉搭桥术患者ICU后综合征的影响

目的:探讨基于问题解决法的认知行为干预对冠状动脉搭桥术患者ICU后综合征的影响。方法:选取2019年5月1日~2022年12月31日心脏外科/移植重症监护室收治的186例冠状动脉搭桥术患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组各93例,对照组采用常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上实施基于问题解决法的认知行为干预;比较两组ICU综合征发生率[采用ICU意识模糊评估量表(CAM-ICU)]及护理满意度,干预前后ICU环境压力情况[采用ICU环境压力源量表(ICUESS)]、睡眠质量[采用中文版理查兹-坎贝尔睡眠量表(RCSQ)]。结果:观察组ICU综合征发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05);干预后,两组ICUESS各项评分均低于干预前(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.01);干预后,两组RCSQ各维度得分及总分均低于干预前(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:基于问题解决法的认知行为干预能降低冠状动脉搭桥术患者ICU后综合征发生率及患者ICU环境压力源感知,提高患者睡眠质量及护理满意度。

冠状动脉计算机断层扫描血管造影对老年急性冠状动脉综合征患者斑块特征的诊断效能及对预后的预测价值

目的探讨冠状动脉计算机断层扫描血管造影(CCTA)对老年急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者斑块特征的诊断效能及对预后的预测价值。方法回顾性分析2021年2月至2022年12月海南省琼海市人民医院胸痛中心收治的疑似冠心病的208例老年患者的临床资料,其中58例发生ACS,纳入ACS组。根据ACS组患者性别、年龄及心血管危险因素(吸烟史、高血压、糖尿病、血脂水平等),采用倾向评分匹配法(比例1∶1)同期选择58例发生稳定型心绞痛(SAP)的患者纳入SAP组。所有患者均行CCTA检查,比较两组患者斑块长度、钙化斑块(CP)体积、非钙化斑块(NCP)体积、总斑块体积、CP负荷、NCP负荷和总斑块负荷等斑块特征参数。此外,根据预后将58例ACS组患者分为不良心血管事件(MACEs)组(n=15)和非MACEs组(n=43),比较不同预后患者CCTA斑块特征参数。采用SPSS 22.0统计软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,分别采用t检验或χ^(2)检验进行组间比较。采用Pearson相关分析血脂水平与斑块特征参数的相关性。采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析斑块特征参数对ACS及MACEs的预测价值。结果ACS组患者斑块长度、NCP体积和NCP负荷均显著高于SAP组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。MACEs组患者斑块长度、NCP体积和NCP负荷均显著高于非MACEs组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)与斑块长度、CP体积、NCP体积、总斑块体积、CP负荷、NCP负荷及总斑块负荷呈正相关(r=0.463,0.246,0.414,0.292,0.251,0.392,0.215;P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,斑块长度、NCP体积、NCP负荷对ACS有较好的预测价值,曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.843(95%CI 0.761~0.925)、0.814(95%CI 0.703~0.926)和0.721(95%CI 0.573~0.869);发生ACS的最佳截断值分别为19.19 mm、152.99 mm 3和42.56%;灵敏度分别为91.67%、91.67%和66.67%;特异度分别为75.00%、63.54%和77.08%。斑块长度、NCP体积、NCP负荷对MACEs有较好的预测价值,AUC分别为0.694(95%CI 0.515~0.876)、0.711(95%CI 0.502~0.920)和0.735(95%CI 0.551~0.919);发生MACEs的最佳截断值分别为21.02 mm、169.62 mm 3和45.37%;灵敏度分别为77.78%、66.67%和88.89%;特异度分别为59.18%、85.71%和61.22%(P<0.05)。结论基于CCTA的斑块特征参数不仅对老年ACS有较好的鉴别作用,还可有效预测ACS患者1年内MACEs的发生。