Serum cystatin C,monocyte/high-density lipoprotein-C ratio,and uric acid for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease and heart failure

BACKGROUND Coronary heart disease(CHD)and heart failure(HF)are the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Early and accurate diagnoses of CHD and HF are essential for optimal management and prognosis.However,conventional diagnostic methods such as electrocardiography,echocardiography,and cardiac biomarkers have certain limitations,such as low sensitivity,specificity,availability,and cost-effectiveness.Therefore,there is a need for simple,noninvasive,and reliable biomarkers to diagnose CHD and HF.AIM To investigate serum cystatin C(Cys-C),monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(MHR),and uric acid(UA)diagnostic values for CHD and HF.METHODS We enrolled 80 patients with suspected CHD or HF who were admitted to our hospital between July 2022 and July 2023.The patients were divided into CHD(n=20),HF(n=20),CHD+HF(n=20),and control groups(n=20).The serum levels of Cys-C,MHR,and UA were measured using immunonephelometry and an enzymatic method,respectively,and the diagnostic values for CHD and HF were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.RESULTS Serum levels of Cys-C,MHR,and UA were significantly higher in the CHD,HF,and CHD+HF groups than those in the control group.The serum levels of Cys-C,MHR,and UA were significantly higher in the CHD+HF group than those in the CHD or HF group.The ROC curve analysis showed that serum Cys-C,MHR,and UA had good diagnostic performance for CHD and HF,with areas under the curve ranging from 0.78 to 0.93.The optimal cutoff values of serum Cys-C,MHR,and UA for diagnosing CHD,HF,and CHD+HF were 1.2 mg/L,0.9×10^(9),and 389μmol/L;1.4 mg/L,1.0×10^(9),and 449μmol/L;and 1.6 mg/L,1.1×10^(9),and 508μmol/L,respectively.CONCLUSION Serum Cys-C,MHR,and UA are useful biomarkers for diagnosing CHD and HF,and CHD+HF.These can provide information for decision-making and risk stratification in patients with CHD and HF.

Genetics of coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction

Atherosclerotic coronary artery disease(CAD) comprises a broad spectrum of clinical entities that include asymptomatic subclinical atherosclerosis and its clinical complications, such as angina pectoris, myocardial infarction(MI) and sudden cardiac death. CAD continues to be the leading cause of death in industrialized society. The long-recognized familial clustering of CAD suggests that genetics plays a central role in its development, with the heritability of CAD and MI estimated at approximately 50% to 60%. Understanding the genetic architecture of CAD and MI has proven to be difficult and costly due to the heterogeneity of clinical CAD and the underlying multi-decade complex pathophysiological processes that involve both genetic and environmental interactions. This review describes the clinical heterogeneity of CAD and MI to clarify the disease spectrum in genetic studies, provides a brief overview of the historical understanding and estimation of the heritability of CAD and MI, recounts major gene discoveries of potential causal mutations in familial CAD and MI, summarizes CAD and MIassociated genetic variants identified using candidate gene approaches and genome-wide association studies(GWAS), and summarizes the current status of the construction and validations of genetic risk scores for lifetime risk prediction and guidance for preventive strategies. Potential protective genetic factors against the development of CAD and MI are also discussed. Finally, GWAS have identified multiple genetic factors associated with an increased risk of in-stent restenosis following stent placement for obstructive CAD. This review will also address genetic factors associated with in-stent restenosis, which may ultimately guide clinical decision-making regarding revascularization strategies for patients with CAD and MI.

Correlation of serum Hcy and UA contents with coronary plaque property changes in diabetic patients with coronary heart disease

Objective: To study the correlation of serum Hcy and UA contents with coronary plaque property changes in diabetic patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Dongguan Branch of Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital between May 2013 and June 2017 were selected and divided into the CHD+DM group who were complicated by coronary heart disease and the DM group who were not complicated by coronary heart disease according to the results of coronary CTA, and the healthy subjects who received physical examination in Dongguan Branch of Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital during the same period were selected as control group. The contents of homocysteine (Hcy), uric acid (UA), platelet activation indexes and protease indexes in serum were measured. Results: Serum Hcy, UA, sSema4D, sP-selectin, sE-selectin, MMP1, MMP3, CatK and ADAMTS4 contents of DM group and CHD+DM group were greatly higher than those of control group whereas Klotho and TIMP2 contents were greatly lower than those of control group;serum Hcy, UA, sSema4D, sP-selectin, sE-selectin, MMP1, MMP3, CatK and ADAMTS4 contents of CHD+DM group were greatly higher than those of DM group whereas Klotho and TIMP2 contents were greatly lower than those of DM group;serum sSema4D, sP-selectin, sE-selectin, MMP1, MMP3, CatK and ADAMTS4 contents of CHD+DM group were positively correlated with Hcy and UA contents while Klotho and TIMP2 contents were negatively correlated with Hcy and UA contents. Conclusion: The abnormal increase of serum Hcy and UA contents in diabetic patients with coronary heart disease can promote the activation and aggregation of platelet, the degradation of plaque fibrous cap and the decrease of plaque stability.

Clinico-Angiographic Profile and Prevalence of Restenosis in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty to Left Main Coronary Artery: An Observational Cohort Study

Background: Patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention in left main coronary artery (LMCA) requires special concern, being high risk and increasing patient population. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical profile, angiographic status, and prevalence of restenosis in patients who underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in LMCA. Materials and Methods: This observational cohort study included 17 patients who underwent PTCA in LMCA during one-year study period at tertiary care centers in Government Medical College, Kozhikode, India. Data including various risk factors, clinical and angiographic details, stent used, procedural complications and outcomes including rate of restenosis were analyzed. Results: A total of 17 patients (mean age 53.88 ± 9.80 years) with 76.47% of males were included in the study. Smoking and hypertension were the most common risk factors presented in 52.94% and 47.06% of patients respectively. Single vessel disease (SVD) of LMCA was the most common pattern observed in 47.10%;the rate of restenosis was observed in 11.76% patients. Revascularization was performed in one patient (5.88%) with coronary artery bypass graft and in one patient (5.88%) with PTCA using drug eluting stent (DES). The overall procedural success was 88.24% in this study. Survival rate was 100% at one-year follow-up period. Conclusion: Our study involved patients who underwent PTCA in LMCA, showed smoking as a most prevalent risk factor for coronary artery disease and SVD as a most common pattern, comparatively low rate of restenosis and 100% of survival rate at one-year follow-up period.

Comparison of pre-dilation with a non-compliant balloon versus a dual wire scoring balloon for coronary stenting

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of lesion preparation using the dual wire scoring balloon on stent expansion and long-term outcomes. Methods: Forty-six consecutive de novo lesions treated with a single >2.5 mm drug-eluting stent under intravascular ultrasound guidance, using two implantation strategies, were randomly assigned to: 1) pre-dilation with a non-compliant balloon (NC group;n = 23) or 2) pre-dilation with a dual wire scoring balloon (DS group;n = 23). Results: Although the balloon size and the maximal dilation pressure for pre-dilatation was larger (3.33 ± 0.28 vs 3.09 ± 0.33 mm, p = 0.01) and higher (11.6 ± 3.2 vs 8.6 ± 2.7 atm,

Sirolimus-eluting Stent for the Treatment of Small Coronary Artery Lesions:Comparison between Cypher and Firebird Stent

Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of firebird stent for the treatment of coronary de novo lesion compared with cypher stent. Methods Ninety-one consecutive patients with 156 lesions who underwent coronary cypher (n = 68 lesions) and firebird (n = 88 lesions) implantation, quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) was performed at the time of stent implantation and subsequently at 8 months post-stenting. Small vessel disease was defined as ≤2.5 mm of reference vessel diameter measured by QCA. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) including death, thrombosis, nonfatal myocardial infarction and target lesion revascularization (TLR) were compared between the two groups. Results Baseline clinical characteristics and angiographic parameters were similar between the two groups. Seven-month angiographic follow-up, the late loss was not different between the two groups (0.14 ± 0.38 mm vs 0.13 ± 0.17 mm, P > 0.05). Similarly, overall thrombosis rate were similar in both groups (1.5% vs 1.1%, P > 0.05). However, in-stent restenosis as well as in-segment restenosis rate were significantly higher in cypher group than that in firebird group (4.4% vs 0% and 19.1% vs 3.4%, P = 0.047 and P = 0.001 respectively). TLR was also higher in the cypher group (10.3% vs 2.3%, P = 0.033) compared with firebird group. Conclusions In this small sample size, non-randomized study, the data indicated that implantation of firebird stent for the treatment of small coronary lesion showed more favorable results in respective of restenosis compared with cypher stent implantation. A multi-center, large-sample size, randomized study, therefore, may be warranted.

Association between serum uric acid level and the severity of coronaryartery disease in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease

Background Many studies have shown that the serum uric acid(SUA) level is one of the cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of the study is to evaluate the relationship between SUA levels and the severity of coronary artery disease(CAD) assessed by angiography and the Syntax score in patients with obstructive CAD.Methods Participants who visited our hospital for a coronary angiography, from December 2007 to September 2012, were eligible for this analysis. SUA and other blood parameters after at least 12-hour fast were determined. First, the patients were divided into tertiles according to their Syntax scores(low Syntax score group: Syntax score ≤10.0; moderate Syntax score group: 10.0 <Syntax score ≤18.0; high Syntax score group: Syntax score >18.0). Second, to clarify the association between SUA levels and major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs), all patients were divided into two subgroups on the basis of SUA levels. The cutoff value of SUA was defined by diagnostic criteria of hyperuricemia. Patients were separated into normal SUA group(n=251, with SUA <416 μmol/L for men and SUA <357 μmol/L for women) and high SUA group(n=96, with SUA ≥416 μmol/L for men and SUA ≥357 μmol/L for women). All participants were followed for a mean of 22.0 months(1–75 months, interquartile range: 28 months) for major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs), including all-cause death, recurrent nonfatal myocardial infarction(re-MI) and recurrent percutaneous coronary intervention(re-PCI). Results A total of 347 patients were registered for the study. The SUA levels in the high Syntax score group were significantly higher than that of the moderate Syntax score group and the low Syntax score group((392.3±81.6) μmol/L vs.(329.9±71.0) μmol/L, P <0.001;(392.3±81.6) μmol/L vs.(311.4±64.7) μmol/L, P <0.001). The SUA level was positively correlated not only with the Syntax score(r=0.421, P <0.001; 95% CI: 0.333–0.512), but also with the number of diseased vessels(r=0.298, P <0.001; 95% CI: 0.194–0.396). After multiple linear regression analysis, SUA levels were identified to be independently correlated with a high Syntax score(B=0.033, 95% CI 0.023–0.042, P <0.001). Compared with the normal SUA subgroup, the high SUA subgroup tended to have a higher Syntax score(19.9±8.7 vs. 13.6±7.5, P <0.001) and more multi-vessel disease(70.8% vs. 46.6%, P <0.001). Follow-up data showed a higher incidence of MACE in the high SUA subgroup(20.8% vs. 6.0%, P <0.001). Binary Logistic regression analysis indicated that the elevated SUA can predict the long-term prognosis of patients with obstructive CAD(OR=2.968, 95% CI 1.256–7.011, P=0.013). KaplanMeier analysis showed a significantly lower event-free survival rate in patients with high SUA levels than in the normal SUA subgroup(79.2% vs. 94.0%, Log rank=17.645, P <0.001). Conclusions SUA levels were independently associated with the severity of CAD in patients with obstructive CAD. An elevated SUA is associated with cardiovascular events and may be useful as a biomarker of the severity of CAD.

Risk Analysis on Uric Acid Resulting in Carotid Atherosclerosis

Objectives To explore therisk of uric acid (UA) resulting in carotid atheroscle-rosis. Methods With a cross sectional study, 643subjects (aged 41-83 yrs, male 552 and female 91)were surveyed in 1999 in Guangdong Province, China.The main research variables were uric acid (UA), oc-currence and the size of carotid artery plaque. Re-sults There was no statistical significance betweenthe UA means of plaque occurrence and no - occur-rence groups (t=0.60, df=242, P=0.5495). It seemedUA was not a possible risk factor of carotid atheroscle-rosis (OR=1.060, P=0.8448>0.05, n=244) based on thelogistic regression analysis. Conclusions Our resultsare not consistent with serum UA being an indepen-dent risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary heartdisease (CHD). It is necessary to do more research toleam the risk degree of UA during the progress ofatherosclerosis/CHD.

Correlation between blood lipids and serum uric acid in the elderly patients with coronary heart disease

Objective:To explore the relationship between blood lipids and serum uric acid(UA)in the elderly patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).Method:Quartered patients according to their uric acid level.Systematic review and compare lipid level among this four groups.Polynary logistic stepwise regression analysis were employed to analyze independent risk factor of coronary heart disease.Results:Serum level of triglycerides(TAG)and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol(VLDL-C)increase significantly(F=7.42,p<0.01;F=5.42,p<0.01 respectively)while high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and Apolipoprotein A1(Apo A1)decrease(F=5.03,p<0.01;F=7.03,p<0.01)upon elevated serum uric acid level among coronary heart disease patients.Gender(OR=0.16,95%CI 0.078~0.315,p=0.001),Ccr(OR=0.95,CI=0.935~0.969,p=0.001),associated hypertension(OR=2.23,CI=1.156~4.285,p=0.017)or DM(OR=2.44,CI=1.154~5.168,p=0.02),TC(OR=1.56,CI=1.119~2.186,p=0.009),HDL-C(OR=0.02,CI=0.004~0.076,p=0.001),UA(OR=1.09,1.086~1.094,p=0.001)are all independent risk factors for coronary heart disease.Conclusion:TAG,VLDL-C were positively related to UA while HDL-C and Apo A1were negatively linked to UA among CHD patients.Gender,Ccr,Hypertension,DM,TC,HDL-C and UA are independent risk factors for CHD while BMI,TAG,LDL-C were not.

A prospective comparison cohort study between baseline serum uric acid level and coronary artery disease in first-degree relatives and non-first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes males

Objective To investigate the relationship between baseline serum uric acid and the severity of coronary artery disease(CAD)in the first-degree relatives or nonfirst-degree relatives of men with type 2 diabetes.Methods Three hundred and eighty-one men with negative coronary angiography for the first time were divided into diabetes and non-diabetes groups and followed-up for

2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者血清Hcy、HbAlc和血尿酸水平变化的临床意义

目的探讨2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)和血尿酸水平变化的临床意义。方法选取2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者60例为合并冠心病组,单纯2型糖尿病患者45例为单纯糖尿病组,健康志愿者30名为健康对照组。采集空腹外周静脉血,检测血清Hcy、HbAlc及血尿酸水平;行冠状动脉造影检查,记录冠脉狭窄程度50%及以上的病变累及左前降支、回旋支或右冠脉的支数(单支病变、双支病变、多支病变)。收集2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者的年龄、性别、身高、体质量、吸烟情况及低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、空腹血糖、维生素B12、叶酸水平。进行3 a随访,记录患者病情加重再入院、死亡情况。结果合并冠心病组血清Hcy、HbAlc及血尿酸水平明显高于单纯糖尿病组和健康对照组(P<0.05);多支病变患者血清Hcy、HbAlc及血尿酸水平明显高于双支病变和单支病变患者(P<0.05);预后不良组患者血清Hcy、HbAlc及血尿酸水平明显高于预后良好组患者(P<0.05);预后不良组患者中吸烟比例、空腹血糖水平明显高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。Hcy、HbAlc、血尿酸是2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者预后的独立影响因素。ROC曲线分析显示,血清Hcy、HbAlc及血尿酸水平对2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者预后具有较高的预测价值(P<0.05),联合检测的预测价值最高(AUC=0.947)。结论2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者血清Hcy、HbAlc及血尿酸水平升高,且与冠脉病变程度密切相关,联合检测可用于患者预后评估。

高尿酸血症与支架内再狭窄及再次介入治疗的相关性研究

目的 探讨高尿酸血症与经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)术后支架内再狭窄(in-stent restenosis,ISR)及支架内狭窄再介入治疗的相关性。方法 选取2021年1—12月在兰州大学第一医院行PCI且术后1年复查冠状动脉造影的480例急性冠脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome,ACS)患者。按照尿酸水平分为2组,高尿酸血症组(n=91)和非高尿酸血症组(n=389)。对比2组基线资料及首次造影结果,对比1年随访复查造影时ISR发生率及ISR需再次血运重建率。采用多因素分析ISR及ISR再次血运重建的影响因素。结果 高尿酸血症组男性比例低于非高尿酸血症组,年龄大于非高尿酸血症组,且血清肌酐水平高于非高尿酸血症组(P<0.05)。高尿酸血症组冠脉病变多为三支病变,随访1年时ISR发生率为21.98%,ISR需再次PCI发生率为17.58%,均高于非高尿酸血症组的10.28%、7.45%(P<0.05)。多因素回归分析显示,高尿酸血症不能独立预测ISR发生。结论 ACS患者合并高尿酸血症时冠脉病变较重,高尿酸血症可增加ISR发生率及再次血运重建率,但无法独立预测ISR发生。

残余胆固醇与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇达标的冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后支架内再狭窄的相关性

目的探讨低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)达标的冠心病(CHD)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后远期支架内再狭窄(ISR)的危险因素及其与残余胆固醇(RC)的相关性。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2022年10月于宜兴市人民医院心血管内科住院的239例CHD患者的临床资料,所有患者均于支架植入术后复查冠状动脉造影,入院次日空腹检测血常规、血生化等指标。根据住院期间冠状动脉造影结果将患者分为支架内再狭窄组(ISR组,58例)和非支架内再狭窄组(non-ISR组,181例)。采用SPSS 16.0统计软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,分别采用t检验或χ^(2)检验进行组间比较。采用Spearman相关分析RC与ISR的相关性。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线确定RC的最佳截断值。采用多因素logistic回归分析ISR的危险因素。结果两组患者年龄、总胆固醇(TC)、RC、支架个数、支架总长度及糖尿病、吸烟、多支病变比例比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。计算RC四分位间距,根据四分位间距将患者分为4组(Q1~Q4),4组患者(Q1~Q4)ISR的发病率分别为20.0%、14.8%、22.0%和40.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。进一步采用Spearman相关分析发现,RC与ISR呈正相关(r=0.179;P<0.05)。ROC分析结果表明,RC的ROC曲线下面积为0.636(95%CI 0.572~0.697;P<0.05)。通过计算约登指数,得出RC的最佳截断值为0.47 mmol/L,对应的灵敏度和特异度分别为51.72%与75.14%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄(OR=1.041,95%CI 1.005~1.078;P<0.05)、吸烟(OR=5.797,95%CI 1.617~20.774;P<0.05)、多支病变(OR=3.937,95%CI 1.258~12.326;P<0.05)、支架总长度(OR=1.034,95%CI 1.001~1.070;P<0.05)及RC>0.47 mmol/L(OR=3.416,95%CI 1.535~7.602;P<0.05)是ISR的危险因素。结论在LDL-C达标的PCI术后的CHD患者中,RC与ISR呈正相关,且RC是PCI术后发生ISR的独立危险因素。

冠心病患者血清bFGF、sTLT-1水平与支架置入术后再狭窄的关系

目的探讨冠心病患者血清碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)、可溶性髓样细胞触发受体样转录因子1(sTLT-1)水平与支架置入术后支架内再狭窄(ISR)的关系。方法收集2020年1月至2022年3月收治的冠心病行支架置入术患者450例。根据术后1年复查是否发生ISR分为ISR组(41例)、非ISR组(409例)。比较ISR组与非ISR组一般资料、实验室相关指标、血清bFGF、sTLT-1水平;Pearson法分析冠心病支架置入术后ISR患者血清bFGF、sTLT-1水平的相关性;Logistic回归分析冠心病患者支架置入术后发生ISR的影响因素;ROC曲线分析血清bFGF、sTLT-1水平诊断冠心病患者支架置入术后发生ISR的临床价值。结果ISR组狭窄程度、植入支架数量、术前Gensini评分、血清sTLT-1、CRP水平显著高于非ISR组,支架直径、血清bFGF、CysC水平显著低于非ISR组(P<0.05);Ⅲ级组血清bFGF水平显著高于Ⅳ级组(P<0.05),Ⅲ级组血清sTLT-1水平显著低于Ⅳ级组(P<0.05);冠心病支架置入术后发生ISR的患者血清bFGF与sTLT-1水平呈负相关(R=-0.648,P<0.001);sTLT-1、CRP是冠心病患者支架置入术后发生ISR的危险因素,bFGF、CysC是保护因素(P<0.05);血清bFGF、sTLT-1两者联合诊断冠心病患者支架置入术后发生ISR的AUC为0.901,优于各自单独诊断(Z二者联合-bFGF=3.086、Z二者联合-sTLT-1=2.754,P=0.002、P=0.030),联合诊断的敏感度为89.80%,特异性为76.12%。结论冠心病支架置入术后发生ISR的患者血清bFGF水平下调,sTLT-1水平上调,二者均是ISR的影响因素,且联合诊断冠心病患者支架置入术后ISR的发生具有较高效能。

老年经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后支架内再狭窄患者胱抑素C、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1、分泌型卷曲相关蛋白5表达及临床意义

目的探讨老年经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后支架内再狭窄(ISR)患者胱抑素C(CysC)、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)、分泌型卷曲相关蛋白5(SFRP-5)表达及对靶血管病变的预测价值。方法选取2020年5月至2022年5月保定市第一中心医院PCI术后1年内发生ISR的65例老年冠心病患者作为观察组,选取同期65例PCI术后1年内未发生ISR的老年冠心病患者作为对照组,比较两组一般资料、术后血清CysC、TIMP-1、SFRP-5水平,分析血清CysC、TIMP-1、SFRP-5水平与ISR发生的相关性,并比较观察组不同Mehran分型患者血清CysC、TIMP-1、SFRP-5水平,分析各指标水平与Mehran分型的相关性,分析血清CysC、TIMP-1、SFRP-5水平预测靶血管发生ISR的价值。结果观察组血清CysC水平高于对照组(t=6.949,P<0.05),TIMP-1、SFRP-5水平低于对照组(t=7.301、8.765,P<0.05);血清CysC水平与ISR的发生呈正相关(r=0.587,P<0.05),TIMP-1、SFRP-5水平与ISR的发生呈负相关(r=-0.609、-0.640,P<0.05)。观察组四种Mehran分型的患者CysC、TIMP-1、SFRP-5水平差异有统计学意义(F=10.759、8.326、19.764,P<0.05)。随着Mehran分型Ⅰ型到Ⅳ型的变化,CysC水平逐渐升高,TIMP-1、SFRP-5水平逐渐下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清CysC水平与ISR患者Mehran分型呈正相关关系(r=0.722,P<0.05),TIMP-1、SFRP-5水平与Mehran分型呈负相关关系(r=-0.799、-0.826,P<0.05)。血清CysC、TIMP-1、SFRP-5水平预测老年冠心病患者PCI术后1年内靶血管发生ISR的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.807(95%CI=0.729~0.871)、0.786(95%CI=0.706~0.853)、0.811(95%CI=0.733~0.874),联合预测的AUC最大,为0.943(95%CI=0.887~0.976)。结论老年冠心病PCI术后患者血清CysC水平升高,TIMP-1、SFRP-5水平降低与ISR的发生发展相关,术后早期检测各指标水平有助于预测靶血管发生ISR风险。

药物涂层球囊与普通球囊扩张术对冠心病支架内再狭窄患者近远期预后的影响

目的探讨分析药物涂层球囊(DCB)与普通球囊扩张术对冠心病支架内再狭窄患者近远期预后的影响。方法筛选商丘市第一人民医院2021年1月至2022年1月收治的120例经介入治疗后冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的冠心病患者,按照随机数字表法将患者分为DCB组和普通组,各60例,DCB组接受药物涂层球囊治疗,普通组接受普通球囊扩张术治疗。比较治疗后两组患者的扩张成功率和心肌标志物[肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、肌钙蛋白T]、术后即刻最小管腔直径和随访12个月后的晚期管腔丢失、支架内再狭窄发生率、主要心血管不良事件(MACE)发生率(脑卒中、心力衰竭、非致死性心肌梗死)。结果治疗后,DCB组的扩张成功率(95.00%)高于普通组(83.33%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,DCB组CK-MB为(12.86±2.45)U·L^(-1)、肌钙蛋白T为(0.12±0.02)μg·L^(-1),均较普通组的(15.45±2.48)U·L^(-1)、(0.22±0.04)μg·L^(-1)下降明显(P<0.05);DCB组的术后即刻最小管腔直径为(2.45±0.12)mm,相较于普通组的(2.06±0.04)mm更大(P<0.05);经过12个月的随访复查冠脉造影,DCB组的晚期管腔丢失为(0.26±0.04)mm,明显小于普通组的(0.38±0.08)mm(P<0.05);随访12个月后,DCB组的支架内再狭窄发生率(5.00%)低于普通组(16.67%)(P<0.05);DCB组MACE发生率(16.67%)与普通组(33.33%)相比更低(P<0.05)。结论药物涂层球囊治疗冠心病患者冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的临床效果比普通球囊扩张术更好,晚期管腔丢失较少,支架内再狭窄率较低,且MACE发生率也显著降低。

通阳祛湿法对冠心病支架置入术后再狭窄的防治分析

目的探讨通阳祛湿法防治冠心病经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)后支架内再狭窄(in-stent restenosis,ISR)的作用。方法选取2020年1月至2021年12月金华市中心医院收治的88例PCI术后阳虚湿阻证患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其分为治疗组和对照组,每组各44例。对照组患者接受常规西药治疗,治疗组患者接受西药联合薏苡附子散治疗。比较两组患者的临床症状、心绞痛严重程度、血细胞参数、炎症因子和ISR发生率。结果治疗6个月后,治疗组患者的中医症状总积分显著低于对照组,西雅图心绞痛问卷评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗6个月后,治疗组患者的血小板与淋巴细胞比值、红细胞体积分布宽度、血小板分布宽度、超敏C反应蛋白和白细胞介素-18均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗组患者的ISR发生率显著低于对照组(χ^(2)=5.066,P=0.024)。结论通阳祛湿法可有效降低ISR的发生率,在ISR的防治中具有一定的临床价值。

治疗前血清尿酸对高血压性急性心力衰竭患者预后的预测价值

目的 探讨高血压性急性心力衰竭患者治疗前的血清尿酸(SUA)水平与治疗后疾病严重程度及5年病死率的相关性。方法 选取了河北省沧州市黄骅市人民医院2019年9月—2022年9月收治的122例高血压性急性心力衰竭患者,根据入院时的SUA水平将其分为高尿酸血症组(男性SUA≥420μmol/L,女性SUA≥360μmol/L)和正常尿酸组,比较两组患者的基线特征、临床表现和5年随访结果。采用多变量Cox回归模型评估SUA水平对5年病死率的影响,并使用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线进行生存分析。比较两组左心室功能和心血管不良事件(MACE)。结果 高尿酸血症组患者的BMI、白细胞、白蛋白、肌酐、尿素氮、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇SUA水平显著高于正常尿酸组,血小板和肾小球滤过率显著低于正常尿酸组(P<0.05)。在冠状动脉狭窄情况,高尿酸血症组涉及的血管支数和Gensini积分均显著高于正常尿酸组(P<0.05),且血清尿酸水平与Gensini积分呈强正相关(r=0.778,P<0.05)。随访结果显示,高尿酸血症组的5年病死率显著升高,且尿酸是5年病死率的独立危险因素(HR=1.017,95%CI=1.011~1.024,P<0.001)。出院前的心脏超声检查结果显示,两组间的LVESV和LVEDV比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但LVEF组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。此外,尽管高尿酸血症组的MACE发生率偏高,但两组间差异并无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 在高血压性急性心力衰竭患者群体中,治疗前SUA水平与疾病严重程度以及5年病死率增加相关。治疗前高水平SUA可预测高血压性急性心力衰竭患者的不良结局。

One-year clinical outcomes of Chinese sirolimus-eluting stent in the treatment of unselected patients with coronary artery disease

The application of drug-eluting stent （DES）, either sirolimus-eluting stent （Cypher, Cordis, USA） or paclitaxel-eluting stent （Taxus, Boston Scientific, USA）, in treatment of patients with coronary artery disease （CAD） has achieved great success. The high cost of imported DES （either Cypher or Taxus） gave the birth to a China-made, polymer-based, sirolimus-eluting stent （Firebird, Microport Company,