Efficacy of laparoscopic low anterior resection for colorectal cancer patients with 3D-vascular reconstruction for left coronary artery preservation

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic low anterior resection(LLAR)has become a mainstream surgical method for the treatment of colorectal cancer,which has shown many advantages in the aspects of surgical trauma and postoperative rehabilitation.However,the effect of surgery on patients'left coronary artery and its vascular reconstruction have not been deeply discussed.With the development of medical imaging technology,3D vascular reconstruction has become an effective means to evaluate the curative effect of surgery.AIM To investigate the clinical value of preoperative 3D vascular reconstruction in LLAR of rectal cancer with the left colic artery(LCA)preserved.METHODS A retrospective cohort study was performed to analyze the clinical data of 146 patients who underwent LLAR for rectal cancer with LCA preservation from January to December 2023 in our hospital.All patients underwent LLAR of rectal cancer with the LCA preserved,and the intraoperative and postoperative data were complete.The patients were divided into a reconstruction group(72 patients)and a nonreconstruction group(74 patients)according to whether 3D vascular reconstruction was performed before surgery.The clinical features,operation conditions,complications,pathological results and postoperative recovery of the two groups were collected and compared.RESULTS A total of 146 patients with rectal cancer were included in the study,including 72 patients in the reconstruction group and 74 patients in the nonreconstruction group.There were 47 males and 25 females in the reconstruction group,aged(59.75±6.2)years,with a body mass index(BMI)(24.1±2.2)kg/m^(2),and 51 males and 23 females in the nonreconstruction group,aged(58.77±6.1)years,with a BMI(23.6±2.7)kg/m^(2).There was no significant difference in the baseline data between the two groups(P>0.05).In the submesenteric artery reconstruction group,35 patients were type Ⅰ,25 patients were type Ⅱ,11 patients were type Ⅲ,and 1 patient was type Ⅳ.There were 37 type Ⅰ patients,24 type Ⅱ patients,12 type Ⅲ patients,and 1 type Ⅳ patient in the nonreconstruction group.There was no significant difference in arterial typing between the two groups(P>0.05).The operation time of the reconstruction group was 162.2±10.8 min,and that of the nonreconstruction group was 197.9±19.1 min.Compared with that of the reconstruction group,the operation time of the two groups was shorter,and the difference was statistically significant(t=13.840,P<0.05).The amount of intraoperative blood loss was 30.4±20.0 mL in the reconstruction group and 61.2±26.4 mL in the nonreconstruction group.The amount of blood loss in the reconstruction group was less than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=-7.930,P<0.05).The rates of anastomotic leakage(1.4%vs 1.4%,P=0.984),anastomotic hemorrhage(2.8%vs 4.1%,P=0.672),and postoperative hospital stay(6.8±0.7 d vs 7.0±0.7 d,P=0.141)were not significantly different between the two groups.CONCLUSION Preoperative 3D vascular reconstruction technology can shorten the operation time and reduce the amount of intraoperative blood loss.Preoperative 3D vascular reconstruction is recommended to provide an intraoperative reference for laparoscopic low anterior resection with LCA preservation.

Transmural myocardial ischemia due to slow coronary flow

Slow coronary flow phenomenon(SCFP) is an angiographic observation characterized by delayed distal vessel opacifi-cation in the absence of significant epicardial coronary disease. Only limited studies have been focused on the etiologies,clinical manifestations and treatment of this unique angiographic phenomenon. In our case report,we described an 85-year-old man who came with significant ST segment elevation in leads V1-V4 and V3R-V5R without increase in myocardial enzyme. The patient also developed respiratory failure requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation. Coronary angiography revealed only mild atherosclerosis without spasm or thromboembolic occlusion. Slow flow was seen in all coronary arteries,especially in the left anterior descending and right coronary arteries. This case speculated that transmural myocardial ischemia with ST segment elevation might be resulted from slow coronary flow. Transmural myocardial ischemia can occur owing to abnormalities of the coronary microcirculation.

Effect of nicorandil on the coronary artery microcirculation and hemodynamics in patients with coronary slow flow

Objective:To explore the effect of nicorandil on the coronary artery microcirculation and hemodynamics in patients with coronary slow flow (CSF).Methods: A total of 86 patients with CSF who were admitted in our hospital were included in the study and randomized into the treatment group and the control group with 43 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were given aspirin, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, and ACEI. On this basis, the patients in the treatment group were given nicorandil. The patients in the two groups were continuously treated for 6 months. The coronary artery microcirculation and hemodynamic indicators before and after treatment in the two groups were detected and compared.Results:TAT, ET-1, and hs-CRP levels, LAD, LCX, RCA, TIMI average blood flow frame count value, and IMR after treatment in the two groups were significantly reduced when compared with before treatment (P<0.05). The above indicators after treatment in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). FMD after treatment in the two groups was significantly elevated when compared with before treatment (P<0.05). FMD after treatment in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: Nicorandil in the treatment of CSF can effectively improve the coronary artery microcirculation and hemodynamics, with a significant efficacy.

Correlation between Low Tube Voltage in Dual Source CT Coronary Artery Imaging with Image Quality and Radiation Dose

The influence of low tube voltage in dual source CT（DSCT） coronary artery imaging on image quality and radiation dose and its application value in clinical practice were investigated. Totally, 300 cases of chest pain with low body mass index（BMI 〈18.5 kg/m2） subjected to DSCT coronary artery imaging were prospectively enrolled. The heart rate in all patients were greater than 65/min. The retrospective ECG gated scanning mode and simple random sampling method were used to assign the patients into groups A, B and C（n=100 each）. The patients in groups A, B and C experienced 120-, 100-, and 80-kV tube voltage imaging respectively, and the image quality was evaluated. The CT volume dose index（CTDIvol） and dose length product（DLP） were recorded, and the effective dose（ED） was calculated in each group. The image quality scores and radiation doses in groups were compared, and the influence of tube voltage on image quality and radiation dose was analyzed. The results showed that the excellent rate of image quality in groups A, B and C was 95.69%, 94.72% and 96.33% respectively with the difference being not statistically significant among the three groups（P〉0.05）. The CTDIvol values in groups A, B and C were 51.35±12.21, 21.28±7.13 and 6.34±3.34 mGy, respectively, with the difference being statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The ED values in groups A, B and C were 9.27±1.63, 4.56±2.29 and 2.29±1.69 mSv, respectively, with the difference being statistically significant（P〈0.05）. It was suggested that for the patients with low BMI, the application of DSCT coronary artery imaging with low tube voltage can obtain satisfactory image quality, and simultaneously, significantly reduce the radiation dose.

Low-dose CT coronary angiography using iterative reconstruction with a 256-slice CT scanner

AIM:To explore whether computer tomography coronary angiography(CTCA) using iterative reconstruction(IR) leads to significant radiation dose reduction without a significant loss in image interpretability compared to conventional filtered back projection(FBP).METHODS:A consecutive series of 200 patients referred to our institution to undergo CTCA constituted the study population.Patients were sequentially assigned to FBP or IR.All studies were acquired with a 256-slice CT scanner.A coronary segment was considered interpretable if image quality was adequate for evaluation of coronary lesions in all segments ≥ 1.5 mm.RESULTS:The mean age was 56.3±9.6 years and165(83%) were male,with no significant differences between groups.Most scans were acquired using prospective ECG triggering,without differences between groups(FBP 84%vs IR 82%;P=0.71).A total of 3198(94%) coronary segments were deemed of diagnostic quality.The percent assessable coronary segments was similar between groups(FBP 91.7%±4.0% vs IR92.5% ± 2.8%; P=0.12).Radiation dose was significantly lower in the IR group(2.8±1.4 mSvvs 4.6±3.0mSv;P<0.0001).Image noise(37.8±1.4 HUvs 38.2±2.4 HU; P=0.20) and signal density(461.7±51.9HU vs 462.2±51.2 HU; P=0.54) levels did not differ between FBP and IR groups,respectively.The IR group was associated to significant effective dose reductions,irrespective of the acquisition mode.CONCLUSION:Application of IR in CTCA preserves image interpretability despite a significant reduction in radiation dose.

A Method for Calculation of Low-Frequency Slow Drift Motions Based on NURBS for Floating Bodies

Through a higher-order boundary element method based on NURBS （Non-uniform Rational B-splines）, the calculation of second-order low-frequency forces and slow drift motions is conducted for floating bodies. In the floating body＇s inner domain, an auxiliary equation is obtained by applying a Green function which satisfies the solid surface condition. Then, the auxiliary equation and the velocity potential equation are combined in the fluid domain to remove the solid angle coefficient and the singularity of the double layer potentials in the integral equation. Thus, a new velocity potential integral equation is obtained. The new equation is extended to the inner domain to reheve the irregular frequency effects; on the basis of the order analysis, the comparison is made about the contribution of all integral terms with the result in the second-order tow-frequency problem; the higher-order boundary element method based on NURBS is apphed to calculate the geometric position and velocity potentials; the slow drift motions are calculated by the spectrum analysis method. Removing the solid angle coefficient can apply NURBS technology to the hydrodynamic calculation of floating bodies with complex surfaces, and the extended boundary integral method can reduce the irregular frequency effects. Order analysis shows that free surface integral can be neglected, and the numerical results can also prove the correctness of order analysis. The results of second-order low-frequency forces and slow drift motions and the comparison with the results from references show that the application of the NURBS technology to the second-order low-frequency problem is of high efficiency and credible results.

Exploration the Method of Low Dose Coronary Artery Imaging with Dual-Source CT

Objective: On the premise that the image quality meets the requirements of clinical diagnosis, we explored the methods to reduce the radiation dose of coronary artery imaging with Dual-Source CT (DSCT). Methods: We randomly selected 200 patients with coronary heat disease (BIM 0.05). The average image noise in group A is (41.76 ± 7.98) HU, in group B the average image noise is (43.97 ± 3.88) HU, the dif- ference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The average CTDIvol of group A and B were (20.63 ± 2.24) mGy, (38.11 ± 10.69) mGy, respectively, then P <0.01. The average DLP of group A and B are (235.75 ± 28.64) mGycm and (492.59 ± 125.49) mGycm respectively, then P <0.01, the dif- ference of radiation dose had statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusions: For coronary artery imaging with DSCT the heart electric pulse (AUTO) regulation technology can meet the diagnostic requirements and effectively reduce the radiation dose.

Early Results of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) in Patients with Low Ejection Fraction

Background: Patients with ischemic heart disease and reduced ejection fraction have increased risk for postoperative complications and mortality. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of low EF (on the early outcomes after CABG and identify the predictors of mortality. Methods: From August 2018 to November 2019, 170 consecutive patients underwent CABG. Group 1 included 120 patients with EF ( EF (>40;57.90% ± 2.27%), 41 were men (82.0%), and the mean age was 54.30 ± 7.01 years and used as a control group. Results: Overall 30-day mortality was 10/120 patients (8.3%). Factors associated with higher mortality were females (70.0% vs. 17.3%, P Conclusion: CABG in EF < 40% is associated with more complications compared with those had EF higher than 40%;however, the clinical and echocardiographic parameters improved over time.

A Retrospective Comparative Study between Levosimendan and Adrenaline as a Pharmacological Protocol for the Management of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Patients with Low Ejection Fraction: A Friend or Foe

Background: Left ventricular ejection fraction is an independent determinant of the outcome of coronary artery bypass surgery. Low preoperative ejection fraction requires special care in terms of pharmacological and mechanical inotropic support. Adrenaline is the most widely used inotropic drug, while levosimendan is a relatively new inotropic drug in the field of cardiac surgery. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relative efficacy of levosimendan in low ejection fraction patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods: A retrospective comparative study was performed with 63 patients who underwent isolated on-pump elective CABG with a preoperative ejection fraction below 40%. Patients were allocated to the adrenaline group (n = 35) and levosimendan group (n = 28). Patients were further stratified according to ejection fraction above 30% and below or equal to 30%. The primary outcome was cardiac-related mortality, while other parameters were considered secondary endpoints. Results: EuroSCORE of the adrenaline group was 3.34 ± 1.26 and for the levosimendan group 3.15 ± 1.42 (p value 0.576). Nine patients of the adrenaline group had new postoperative atrial fibrillation compared to seven patients in the levosimendan group (p value 0.948). Two patients of the adrenaline group had postoperative ventricular arrhythmia compared to only one patient in the other group (p value 0.691). The adrenaline group had higher doses of inotropic support compared to the levosimendan group 210.84 ± 23.74 and 157.4 ± 22.69 ng/kg/min respectively (p value Conclusions: The levosimendan-based protocol failed to improve overall mortality in low ejection fraction patients undergoing CABG. However, this protocol significantly reduced the dose of inotropic and vasoconstrictor support needed, ventilation hours and duration of ICU stay.

老年冠心病患者低分子肝素皮下注射后按压与出血发生率的效应研究

目的探讨老年冠心病患者皮下注射低分子肝素后是否按压与皮下出血发生率的相关性。方法纳入2019年1月至2021年12月在南京医科大学附属南京医院行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)后使用低分子肝素皮下注射的老年冠心病患者131例作为研究对象,按照注射后是否按压分为观察组67例和对照组64例。皮下注射低分子肝素的流程均按照本院已纳入规范的“低分子肝素皮下注射法护理质量督查标准”执行,其中观察组要求注射完毕后按压穿刺点3~5 min,力度以皮肤下陷1cm为准,比较两组患者皮下出血的发生率。结果观察组皮下瘀斑发生率(9.0%)与对照组(7.8%)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组皮下硬结发生率(4.5%)与对照组(1.6%)比较差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者的年龄、性别、腹围以及体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)与注射低分子肝素后发生皮下出血没有显著相关性(P>0.05),而腹部皮脂厚度与皮下出血存在显著相关性(P<0.05),是预测注射低分子肝素后发生皮下出血的独立预测因子。结论老年冠心病患者低分子肝素皮下注射后按压与出血发生率无相关性,无需按压。患者的腹部皮脂厚度是预测注射低分子肝素后发生皮下出血的独立预测因子,应通过规范操作来避免皮下出血的发生。

雷达信号与遥感地图融合的深度学习低慢小目标检测算法

雷达复杂环境低慢小目标检测是一项具有挑战性的任务,而利用深度学习以及数据特征融合等方法是解决这一难题的有效手段。本文在雷达地图融合检测网络(Radar Map fusion Detection Network,RMDN)的基础上进行了优化,主要优化方向为将雷达与地图信息在检测过程中进行重要性程度区分,具体优化内容为减少地图特征提取模块的网络深度,加入通道注意力机制,让神经网络自主学习雷达信息与地图信息特征的权重,使神经网能够更好地利用地图信息对雷达目标进行辅助检测。在此优化基础上,本文重新设计出了雷达地图融合检测网络RMDN-V2。算法的主要思想为利用卫星遥感地图来提供背景环境信息,作为雷达信号检测的辅助,通过将目标背景中的特征信息融入检测决策中,提高目标检测的准确性和鲁棒性,减少对强杂波和移动物体的干扰敏感性,改善目标检测算法在复杂环境下的表现。最后的无人机雷达实测数据实验结果表明,本文所做的针对性优化是有效的,RMDN-V2的检测性能优于原始的RMDN,同时本文算法检测性能远超传统的雷达检测算法,同时也优于目前主流的一些深度学习雷达目标检测算法。本文为解决当下低慢小目标检测的难题提出了新的算法。

一种针对“低慢小”目标的栅格化感知系统设计

针对“低慢小”目标探测面临的问题,提出了一种栅格化理念解决问题思路,给出了栅格化感知系统的定义,设计了栅格化感知系统,包括传感器分系统、通信分系统、管理控制中心和综合保障分系统等组成和工作过程。分析了栅格化感知系统的关键技术,包括传感器低成本设计、“低慢小”目标检测、数据融合处理等技术。研究了栅格化感知系统的部署原则,建立部署原则模型,对于解决“低慢小”目标探测具有现实指导意义。

基于患者身材的影像采集参数优化与冠状动脉造影低剂量化的相关性分析

目的探讨影像采集参数优化与冠状动脉造影辐射剂量和影像质量的相关性。方法选择2022年1月至2024月1月于宁波市医疗中心李惠利医院择期行经皮冠状动脉造影患者60例,采集患者的基本信息和身材数据,根据身体质量指数(BMI)值分为3个组,各BMI组患者随机分入常规模式组(冠状动脉模式采集影像:Cardiac Left Coronary,15帧/秒)和优化模式组(电生理模式采集影像:Cardiac EP,7.5帧/秒),收集辐射剂量数据,并根据影像质量评分表评估影像质量。两组间比较采用独立样本t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,相关性采用Pearson相关分析。结果患者BMI值越高,胸围越大,辐射剂量越高,呈正线性相关;各BMI组内,优化模式组的各项辐射剂量数据(各类型剂量面积乘积、空气比释动能及胸部皮肤剂量)均低于常规模式组(均P<0.05,降低比率48.95%~70.59%),两组间的影像质量评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),均符合手术要求。结论经皮冠状动脉造影的辐射剂量受患者身材、影像采集参数、曝光时长等诸多因素的综合影响,通过优化影像采集参数可在保证影像质量的同时实现辐射低剂量化,减少患者和术者的辐射危害。

低浓度碘对比剂在肥胖患者冠状动脉计算机断层扫描血管造影检查中的应用

目的探究低浓度碘对比剂在肥胖患者低管电压冠状动脉检查中的应用。方法2020年8月至2021年5月前瞻性入选玉林市第一人民医院80例疑似冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)行冠状动脉计算机断层扫描血管造影(coronary computed tomography angiography,CCTA)检查的肥胖患者。按随机数字表法分组,每组40例。高浓度组采用优维显浓度为370 mgI/mL,低浓度组采用优维显浓度为300 mgI/mL,均进行低管电压CCTA检查。比较两组患者图像的质量、辐射剂量、碘摄入量及注入率、注射对比剂外渗率、不适感及检查前后肾功能指标、对比剂肾病发生情况,并以数字减影血管造影(digital subtraction angiography,DSA)为“金标准”评价低浓度碘对比剂对中度及以上动脉血管狭窄的鉴别诊断价值。结果低浓度组患者的图像质量分值与高浓度组比较,差异无统计学意义[(4.29±0.37)分vs.(4.32±0.36)分,P>0.05],且2名医师对图像质量评估的一致性较高(P<0.05)。两组患者冠状动脉各节段计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)值、对比噪声比(contrast-to-noise ratio,CNR)、信噪比(signal-to-noise ratio,SNR)及图像优良指数(figure of merit,FOM)比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者容积CT剂量指数(volumetric CT dose index,CTDIvol)、有效剂量(effective dose,ED)及造影剂量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);低浓度组患者总碘用量及碘注入率均少于高浓度组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相较于治疗前,两组患者治疗后肾功能指标均有所上调,且低浓度组较高浓度组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低浓度组患者注射对比剂热感、疼痛感及对比剂肾病发生率均低于高浓度组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。以DSA检查为“金标准”,Kappa检验结果显示,低浓度碘对比剂与DSA诊断动脉血管狭窄程度的一致性较高(P<0.05),且低浓度对比剂对中度及以上动脉血管狭窄的诊断准确率为95.06%。结论低浓度对比剂应用在肥胖患者低管电压条件下行CCTA检查,在保证图像质量及诊断动脉血管狭窄准确率前提下,可明显减少碘摄入量,降低不良反应发生率,值得临床推广与应用。

急性冠脉综合征患者血清sST2及NLRP3水平与介入术后无复流-慢血流的相关性分析

目的探讨急性冠脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome,Acs)患者血清可溶性生长刺激表达基因蛋白2(soluble growth stimulation expression gene 2 protein,sST2),核苷酸寡聚化结构域样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(nucleotide oligomerization domain like receptor heat protein domain associated protein 3,NLRP3)水平与经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)术后无复流-慢血流的关系。方法选择2020年1月~2022年12月佳木斯市中心医院收治的97例急性冠脉综合征患者,所有患者均接受PCI治疗,根据术后无复流-慢血流发生情况分为无复流-慢血流组(n=20)和对照组(n=77)。术前检测血清sST2及NLRP3水平,分析影响急性冠脉综合征患者PCI术后无复流-慢血流的因素以及sST2,NLRP3预测急性冠脉综合征患者PCI术后无复流-慢血流的价值。结果无复流-慢血流组血清sST2(14.32±2.65 ng/ml vs 11.02±2.13 ng/ml),NLRP3(68.23±10.17 pg/ml vs 42.05±8.23 pg/ml)水平高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(t=5.860,12.055,均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示高血栓负荷(OR:7.791,95%CI:2.834~21.421)、高水平sST2(OR=2.071,95%CI:1.146~3.743)、高水平NLRP3(OR=2.008,95%CI:1.228~3.284)是急性冠脉综合征患者PCI术后无复流-慢血流的危险因素(均P<0.05)。sST2,NLRP3诊断急性冠脉综合征患者PCI术后无复流-慢血流的临界值分别为12.91ng/ml,55.39 pg/ml,曲线下面积分别为0.737,0.686,联合sST2,NLRP3诊断急性冠脉综合征患者PCI术后无复流-慢血流的曲线下面积为0.907,高于单独诊断(Z=2.662,2.856,均P<0.05)。结论急性冠脉综合征患者血清sST2,NLRP3水平增高与PCI术后无复流-慢血流的发生有关,联合检测sST2和NLRP3可提高对术后无复流-慢血流的诊断效能。

川崎病患儿血清Cav-1、sLR11水平与冠状动脉病变严重程度的相关性分析

目的 分析川崎病(KD)患儿血清小窝蛋白-1(Cav-1)、可溶性低密度脂蛋白受体11(sLR11)与冠状动脉病变(CAL)严重程度的关系。方法 回顾性分析2021年2月至2022年10月于济源市人民医院儿科收治的153例KD合并CAL患儿的临床资料。依据KD患儿CAL病变程度分为单支病变组(n=54)、双支病变组(n=68)和多支病变组(n=31)。对比三组患儿临床资料、血清Cav-1、sLR11水平。Logistic多因素回归分析影响KD患儿CAL严重程度的相关因素。受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析血清Cav-1、sLR11对KD患儿CAL严重程度的预测价值。结果 单支病变组、双支病变组和多支病变组患儿发热持续时间、C反应蛋白(CRP)、血小板(PLT)计数、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、血清Cav-1、sLR11水平依次升高(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示治疗前发热持续时间(OR=1.772,95%CI:1.054~2.982,P=0.031)、血清Cav-1(OR=1.139,95%CI:1.080~1.201,P<0.01)及sLR11(OR=1.251,95%CI:1.105~1.417,P<0.01)均为影响KD患儿CAL严重程度的危险因素。ROC分析显示,血清Cav-1、sLR11两者联合预测KD患儿CAL严重程度的AUC为0.910(95%CI:0.854~0.951,P<0.01)。结论 血清Cav-1、sLR11两者联合对KD患儿CAL严重程度的预测效能较高。

玉米芯与秸秆作为缓释碳源的改性研究

目的 为解决低C/N污水中碳源不足的问题,探究以玉米芯与秸秆作为固体缓释碳源的可能性。方法 分别使用NaOH溶液、H2O2溶液及NaOH与H2O2的混合液对玉米芯与秸秆进行改性,通过静态试验测定改性后固体碳源的质量变化,分析改性后固体碳源的浸出液中COD、NH_(4)^(+)-N、TN、TP的释放规律,对改性后固体碳源的可生化性能进行研究。结果 经过预处理后的固体碳源释碳能力均有不同程度的提升,经过碱处理组的质量减少最为明显,经过碱处理后的玉米芯具有良好、持久的释碳能力,氮磷的释放量几乎可忽略不计,经过碱处理后的玉米芯和秸秆的可生化性均有所提高,玉米芯的可生化性能增强更明显,更适合微生物的生长繁殖。结论 经过碱性溶液处理后的玉米芯更适于作为固体缓释碳源应用于低C/N污水的脱氮除磷。

低密度脂蛋白、碱性磷酸酶联合颈动脉超声对冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的预测价值

目的利用低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)联合颈动脉超声的方法,预测冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(CHD)发生风险。方法选取2020年1月至2022年12月江门市中心医院收治的105例CHD患者为研究对象,另选取105例非CHD患者作为对照组,两组均行颈动脉超声检查,观察两组LDL、ALP及颈动脉超声指标的差异。采用logistic回归分析CHD的影响因素,通过ROC曲线分析LDL、ALP联合颈动脉超声对CHD风险的预测价值。结果单因素分析结果显示,CHD与双侧颈动脉斑块平均厚度(avr_CIMT)、左侧颈动脉斑块内膜中层厚度(LCIMT)、右侧颈动脉斑块内膜中层厚度(RCIMT)、左侧颈动脉斑块长度(LCPL)、左侧颈动脉斑块乘积(LCPT)、左侧颈动脉斑块厚度(LCPH)、右侧颈动脉斑块长度(RCPL)、右侧颈动脉斑块乘积(RCPT)、右侧颈动脉斑块厚度(RCPH)、双侧颈动脉斑块最大厚度(max_CPH)、双侧颈动脉斑块最大长度(max_CPL)、双侧颈动脉斑块积分(cPS)、ALP、手术风险评分(SRS)、Framingham风险评分(FRS)、LDL有关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);logistic回归模型进行多因素分析结果显示,max_CPH(β=0.009,OR=1.981,95%CI:0.882~1.987),max_CPL(β=0.342,OR=2.241,95%CI:0.098~2.901),cPS(β=0.456,OR=1.521,95%CI:0.501~1.554),avr_CIMT(β=0.320,OR=0.784,95%CI:0.523~0.967),LDL(β=0.152,OR=2.431,95%CI:0.386~2.450),ALP(β=0.254,OR=1.324,95%CI:0.230~2.412)是CHD的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论利用LDL、ALP联合颈动脉超声的方法,可提高对CHD患者发生的预测效能。

加减柴陷丹参饮合二陈汤联合常规西药治疗冠心病的效果观察

目的观察加减柴陷丹参饮合二陈汤联合常规西药治疗冠心病的效果。方法选取2023年1至12月收治的冠心病患者151例,按照治疗方法分为观察组73例和对照组78例。对照组给予常规西药治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予加减柴陷丹参饮合二陈汤治疗。比较2组治疗后心绞痛次数及持续时间、血脂指标[总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)]、炎症指标[超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)]、心肌酶指标[肌酸激酶、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)]、中医证候积分及临床疗效。结果治疗后,观察组心绞痛次数少于对照组,持续时间短于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗后观察组总胆固醇、三酰甘油、LDL-C含量低于对照组,HDL-C含量高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后观察组hs-CRP、IL-6、肌酸激酶、CK-MB、LDH含量低于对照组(P<0.01);观察组中医证候积分低于对照组,中医证候疗效总有效率[94.52%(69/73)]高于对照组[83.33%(65/78)],西医临床总有效率[90.41%(66/73)]高于对照组[82.05%(64/78)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。2组不良反应总发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论柴陷丹参饮合二陈汤联合常规西药疗法能有效缓解冠心病患者心绞痛次数和持续时间,调节血脂,减轻炎症反应,缓解中医证候,提高临床疗效,且安全性较高。

基于改进YOLOv4的低慢小无人机实时探测算法

针对低慢小无人机探测任务中精度不高、在嵌入式平台上部署实时性能差的问题,提出了一种基于改进YOLOv4的小型无人机目标检测算法。通过增加浅层特征图、改进锚框、增强小目标,提高网络对小目标的检测性能,通过稀疏训练和模型修剪,大大缩短了模型运行时间。在1080Ti上平均精度(mAP)达到85.8%,帧率(FPS)达75 frame/s,实现了网络轻量化。该模型部署在Xavier边缘计算平台上,可实现60 frame/s的无人机目标检测速度。实验结果表明:与YOLOv4和YOLOv4-tiny相比,该算法实现了运行速度和检测精度的平衡,能够有效解决嵌入式平台上的无人机目标检测问题。