Facing increasingly strict environmental regulations on transportation fuels, China National Petroleum Corporation （CNPC）, the second largest supplier of petroleum products in China, needs to upgrade its transportat...Facing increasingly strict environmental regulations on transportation fuels, China National Petroleum Corporation （CNPC）, the second largest supplier of petroleum products in China, needs to upgrade its transportation fuels. Using the scenario-based analysis method, this paper analyzes how the output and emission related properties, including cetane number, and sulfur and aromatics contents of diesel produced by CNPC, will vary with changes in the configuration of diesel production units in the next 5-10 years. The results showed that, to upgrade its diesel, CNPC needs to adjust its diesel pool by decreasing the share of fluid catalytic cracking （FCC） diesel and increasing the shares of hydrocracking （HDC） and hydrotreating （HDT） diesel. Furthermore, to produce ultra-low-sulfur diesel, straight-run diesel as well as poor diesel blendstocks such as FCC diesel and coker diesel should be hydrotreated before being blended into finished diesel. Developing highly efficient HDC and HDT catalysts and corresponding processes is the key to CNPC economically producing more and cleaner diesel.展开更多
Facing increasingly strict environmental regulations on transportation fuels, China National Petroleum Corp. （CNPC）, the second largest supplier of petroleum products in China, needs to upgrade its transportation fu...Facing increasingly strict environmental regulations on transportation fuels, China National Petroleum Corp. （CNPC）, the second largest supplier of petroleum products in China, needs to upgrade its transportation fuels. Using the scenario-based analysis method, this paper analyzes how the emission related properties, including antiknock index, and sulfur, olefin, benzene and aromatics contents of gasoline produced by CNPC, vary with the change in the configuration of gasoline production units in the future 5-15 years. The results showed that for CNPC to upgrade its gasoline, the share of fluid catalytic cracking （FCC） naphtha must be reduced, but just increasing reformate or alkylate and isomerate will result in excessive increase in benzene and aromatics contents or a great loss of gasoline octane number. Therefore, CNPC should suitably control the capacity of its FCC units and increase the capacity of reformer, alkylation and isomerization units. Most importantly, CNPC should dramatically expand the capacity of its hydrotreating or non-hydrotreating gasoline upgrading units to decrease the olefin and sulfur contents in FCC gasoline that takes a dominant share of about 80% in the gasoline pool of China.展开更多
On the 3 April 1993,in the Great Hall of the People a ceremony of the tenth anniversarywas held by CNNMIC.The Vice-premier Li Lanqing and old leaders Fang Yi,Wang Heshouet al attended this ceremony.Lu Dong,Yuan Baohua...On the 3 April 1993,in the Great Hall of the People a ceremony of the tenth anniversarywas held by CNNMIC.The Vice-premier Li Lanqing and old leaders Fang Yi,Wang Heshouet al attended this ceremony.Lu Dong,Yuan Baohua,Gao Yangwen and Chen Jinhua et alministerial representatives are present also.The ambassadors and/or envoys from Romania,展开更多
Subordinated to the Ministryof Metallurgical Industry theChina National Gold Corporationis the only state-run national groupcorporation in China.It isauthorized to perform itsobligations in the control andoperation of...Subordinated to the Ministryof Metallurgical Industry theChina National Gold Corporationis the only state-run national groupcorporation in China.It isauthorized to perform itsobligations in the control andoperation of the state ownedassets of its subordinatedenterprises and undertakinginstitutions.And it is alsoresponsible for working out andimplementing the long-termprogrammes and yearly plans ofthose enterprises and officesdirectly affiliated to the corporationand for the investment and buildupof the entire gold industry in China.It has the autonomy to developinternational economic andtechnical exchange andcooperation with its foreigncounterparts and to conduct importand export business of thematerials,equipment andtechnologies for use in the industry.展开更多
The China National Metals and Minerals I/E Corporation, the core enterprise of the China Metals and Minerals Group, is a special State foreign trade corporation. Since founding in 1950, the corporation has undertaken ...The China National Metals and Minerals I/E Corporation, the core enterprise of the China Metals and Minerals Group, is a special State foreign trade corporation. Since founding in 1950, the corporation has undertaken imports and exports of steel, metals and minerals and building appliances. Under展开更多
An announcement was made on November 4, 1994, on making the China National Nonferrous Industry Corporation one of the three State holding corporations for experiment at a national conference on experimenting on modern...An announcement was made on November 4, 1994, on making the China National Nonferrous Industry Corporation one of the three State holding corporations for experiment at a national conference on experimenting on modern enterprises sponsored by the State Council. The appearance of State holding corporations is the result of China’s deepening economic restructuring and an important and integral part of deepening enterprise reform.展开更多
文摘Facing increasingly strict environmental regulations on transportation fuels, China National Petroleum Corporation （CNPC）, the second largest supplier of petroleum products in China, needs to upgrade its transportation fuels. Using the scenario-based analysis method, this paper analyzes how the output and emission related properties, including cetane number, and sulfur and aromatics contents of diesel produced by CNPC, will vary with changes in the configuration of diesel production units in the next 5-10 years. The results showed that, to upgrade its diesel, CNPC needs to adjust its diesel pool by decreasing the share of fluid catalytic cracking （FCC） diesel and increasing the shares of hydrocracking （HDC） and hydrotreating （HDT） diesel. Furthermore, to produce ultra-low-sulfur diesel, straight-run diesel as well as poor diesel blendstocks such as FCC diesel and coker diesel should be hydrotreated before being blended into finished diesel. Developing highly efficient HDC and HDT catalysts and corresponding processes is the key to CNPC economically producing more and cleaner diesel.
文摘Facing increasingly strict environmental regulations on transportation fuels, China National Petroleum Corp. （CNPC）, the second largest supplier of petroleum products in China, needs to upgrade its transportation fuels. Using the scenario-based analysis method, this paper analyzes how the emission related properties, including antiknock index, and sulfur, olefin, benzene and aromatics contents of gasoline produced by CNPC, vary with the change in the configuration of gasoline production units in the future 5-15 years. The results showed that for CNPC to upgrade its gasoline, the share of fluid catalytic cracking （FCC） naphtha must be reduced, but just increasing reformate or alkylate and isomerate will result in excessive increase in benzene and aromatics contents or a great loss of gasoline octane number. Therefore, CNPC should suitably control the capacity of its FCC units and increase the capacity of reformer, alkylation and isomerization units. Most importantly, CNPC should dramatically expand the capacity of its hydrotreating or non-hydrotreating gasoline upgrading units to decrease the olefin and sulfur contents in FCC gasoline that takes a dominant share of about 80% in the gasoline pool of China.
文摘On the 3 April 1993,in the Great Hall of the People a ceremony of the tenth anniversarywas held by CNNMIC.The Vice-premier Li Lanqing and old leaders Fang Yi,Wang Heshouet al attended this ceremony.Lu Dong,Yuan Baohua,Gao Yangwen and Chen Jinhua et alministerial representatives are present also.The ambassadors and/or envoys from Romania,
文摘Subordinated to the Ministryof Metallurgical Industry theChina National Gold Corporationis the only state-run national groupcorporation in China.It isauthorized to perform itsobligations in the control andoperation of the state ownedassets of its subordinatedenterprises and undertakinginstitutions.And it is alsoresponsible for working out andimplementing the long-termprogrammes and yearly plans ofthose enterprises and officesdirectly affiliated to the corporationand for the investment and buildupof the entire gold industry in China.It has the autonomy to developinternational economic andtechnical exchange andcooperation with its foreigncounterparts and to conduct importand export business of thematerials,equipment andtechnologies for use in the industry.
文摘The China National Metals and Minerals I/E Corporation, the core enterprise of the China Metals and Minerals Group, is a special State foreign trade corporation. Since founding in 1950, the corporation has undertaken imports and exports of steel, metals and minerals and building appliances. Under
文摘An announcement was made on November 4, 1994, on making the China National Nonferrous Industry Corporation one of the three State holding corporations for experiment at a national conference on experimenting on modern enterprises sponsored by the State Council. The appearance of State holding corporations is the result of China’s deepening economic restructuring and an important and integral part of deepening enterprise reform.
