Effects of Gravitational Correction on Neutrino Emission from Neutron Stars

Considering the gravitational correction through introduction of weakly interacting light vector U bosons, not only the equation of state （EoS） of the neutron star matter, but also the cooling properties of neutron stars may be changed. In this work, effects of gravitational correction on neutrino emission and cooling of neutron stars in the matter with neutrons, protons, electrons, muons, △- and △0 are studied by the relativistic mean field theory and the related cooling theory. The results show that the effects are sensitive to the ratio of coupling strength to mass squared of U bosons, defined as gu. With increasing gu, the radial region where direct Urca process of nucleons can be allowed in a neutron star with the fixed mass becomes narrower, while the neutrino emissivity is somewhat higher. Moreover, the gravitational correction suppresses the effects of △- on neutrino emission. The gravitational correction leads the star to cool faster, and the higher the gu is, the faster the star cools.

Clinical Effect Analysis of Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation for Correcting High Myopia and Astigmatism

Objective:To explore the corrective effect of posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation with phakic eyes in the treatment of high myopia and astigmatism.Methods:From May 2023,the hospital began to collect the case data of diagnosis and treatment of high myopia and astigmatism.By May 2024,310 cases were included,all of which were treated with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation.The visual acuity,astigmatism and axial position of the intraocular lens were observed before and after treatment.Results:At different time points after the operation,the patient’s vision was significantly improved compared with that before the operation(P<0.05),and the vision level was equal to or greater than the best-corrected vision before the operation.At different time points after the operation,the average rotation of the intraocular lens was less than 5 degrees.Astigmatism was significantly lower than that before the operation(P<0.05).After the operation,the intraocular pressure increased in 11 cases,accounting for 3.55%,with no adverse complications such as lens turbidity,glare and obvious halo occurring.Conclusion:The posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation with phakic eyes has an ideal correction effect in the treatment of high myopia and astigmatism,which can effectively improve the vision level of patients and reduce the degree of astigmatism,and has high effectiveness and safety.

Edge Effect Correction in the S-A Method for Geochemical Anomaly Separation

Anomaly separation using geochemical data often involves operations in the frequency domain, such as filtering and reducing noise/signal ratios. Unfortunately, the abrupt edge truncation of an image along edges and holes (with missing data) often causes frequency distribution distortion in the frequency domain. For example, bright strips are commonly seen in frequency distribution when using a Fourier transform. Such edge effect distortion may affect information extraction results; sometimes severely, depending on the edge abruptness of the image. Traditionally, edge effects are reduced by smoothing the image boundary prior to applying a Fourier transform. Zero-padding is one of the most commonly used smoothing methods. This simple method can reduce the edge effect to some degree but still distorts the image in some cases. Moreover, due to the complexity of geoscience images, which can include irregular shapes and holes with missing data, zero-padding does not always give satisfactory results. This paper proposes the use of decay functions to handle edge effects when extracting information from geoscience images. As an application, this method has been used in a newly developed multifractal method (S-A) for separating geochemical anomalies from background patterns. A geochemical dataset chosen from a mineral district in Nova Scotia, Canada was used to validate the method.

An All-E-Beam Lithography Process for the Patterning of 2D Photonic Crystal Waveguide Devices

We present an all-e-beam lithography （EBL） process for the patterning of photonic crystal waveguides. The whole device structures are exposed in two steps. Holes constituting the photonic crystal lattice and defects are first exposed with a small exposure step size （less than 10nm）. With the introduction of the additional proximity effect to compensate the original proximity effect, the shape, size, and position of the holes can be well controlled. The second step is the exposure of the access waveguides at a larger step size （about 30nm） to improve the scan speed of the EBL. The influence of write-field stitching error can be alleviated by replacing the original waveguides with tapered waveguides at the joint of adjacent write-fields. It is found experimentally that a higher exposure efficiency is achieved with a larger step size;however,a larger step size requires a higher dose.

Types and Correction Methods of Matrix Effect during Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb Dating

Matrix effect primarily impacts the accuracy and precision of zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb data.This paper describes three types of matrix effect in zircon LA-ICPMS U-Pb dating,i.e.,the element matrix effect,high Ddpa or uranium matrix effect and alpha dose matrix effect,and illustrates the correction of these three effects.In addition,we point out the limitation and possible problems of the existing correction methods.

Comparison of the treatment duration and nursing requirements of the EarWell infant ear correction system for different types of auricle deformities

Objective:To observe whether the Ear Well infant ear correction system makes any difference in terms of the treatment effect,duration,complication rate,and nursing care requirements in different types of infant auricle deformities.Methods:A total of 93 infant patients with auricular deformity(age:<3 months of age)who were diagnosed and treated in Guangzhou Children and Women’s Medical Center from April 2018 to September 2020 were selected and treated with the Ear Well infant ear correction system.We observed and recorded the effects of the Ear Well infant ear correction system,the treatment duration,the number of rebound cases,and complications that are likely to occur during treatment,and noted the related factors causing complications and the relative requirements for nursing care.Results:The Earwell infant ear correction system could effectively correct infant auricle deformities.Among the 93 cases,90 cases had positive therapeutical outcome and the effective rate was 96.77%.The treatment duration for lop ear and protruding ear was longer than for other auricle deformities;the deformity recoil and the treatment compilation rates were much higher for these 2 deformity types,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The treatment suggestion for the wearing duration of the Ear Well infant ear correction system for lop ear and protruding ear is a prolonged duration compared with that for other infant auricle deformities.Fur ther,the requirements for nursing care intensity and infant patient’s guardian’s nursing knowledge and skill are obviously increased for these 2 types of auricle deformities.

Plastic scintillation detectors for precision Time-of-Flight measurements of relativistic heavy ions

Plastic scintillation detectors for Time-of-Flight（TOF） measurements are almost essential for event-byevent identification of relativistic rare isotopes. In this work, a pair of plastic scintillation detectors of dimensions50×50×3^t mm^3and 80×100×3^t mm^3have been set up at the External Target Facility（ETF）, Institute of Modern Physics（IMP）. Their time, energy and position responses are measured with the^（18）O primary beam at 400 Me V/nucleon. After off-line corrections for walk effect and position, the time resolutions of the two detectors are determined to be 27 ps（σ） and 36 ps（σ）, respectively. Both detectors have nearly the same energy resolution of3.1%（σ） and position resolution of about 3.4 mm（σ）. The detectors have been used successfully in nuclear reaction cross section measurements, and will be be employed for upgrading the RIBLL2 beam line at IMP as well as for the high energy branch at HIAF.