In recently published paper by Yang Chunxin[1], I reexamined the paper. On page 128, the paper 'pointed out that the size and spatial distribution density of nucleation sites presented on real boiling surface can ...In recently published paper by Yang Chunxin[1], I reexamined the paper. On page 128, the paper 'pointed out that the size and spatial distribution density of nucleation sites presented on real boiling surface can be described by the normalized fractal distribution function, and the physical meaning of parameters involved in some experimental correlations proposed by early investigations are identified according to fractal distribution'. However, the definition on fractal dimension given by Yang[1] is highly questionable, and the results obtained by Yang are contradictory to the basic fractal theory. Here are my comments:展开更多
AzoR is a homodimeric,flavin mononucleotide(FMN)-containing,NADH-dependent azoreductase from Escherichia coli.In this paper,we investigated the effect of the concentration of both AzoR and R59 G on the spectral beha...AzoR is a homodimeric,flavin mononucleotide(FMN)-containing,NADH-dependent azoreductase from Escherichia coli.In this paper,we investigated the effect of the concentration of both AzoR and R59 G on the spectral behavior of the bound FMN using two-dimensional fluorescence correlation spectra.Two cross peaks(530,490) and(580,530) were observed from the dilution-induced 2D asynchronous correlation map of wt AzoR,while only one cross peak appeared at(600,530) for R59 C mutant.This result indicated that the mutation at site 59 influenced the formation of dilution-induced intermediates.The specific activity of both AzoR and R59 G mutant was unaffected by dilution when the enzyme concentration is below 1 μmol/L,which suggested that no significant dissociation of FMN occurred at low concentrations.Additionally,in order to explore the origin of these intermediates,we carried out a2 D correlation analysis using excitation wavelength-dependent fluorescence emission spectroscopy.The results showed that there coexisted two types of FMN that emitted fluorescence at 530 nm and 500 nm,respectively.Taken together,these results suggested that the 2D method is a very powerful method to identify the heterogeneous distribution of the bound FMN in solution.展开更多
For two odd integers m and s with 1≤s < m and gcd(m, s) = 1, let h satisfy h(2~s-1) ≡1(mod 2~m+ 1) and d =(h + 1)(2~m-1) + 1. The cross correlation function between a binary m-sequence of period 22~m-1 and its d-...For two odd integers m and s with 1≤s < m and gcd(m, s) = 1, let h satisfy h(2~s-1) ≡1(mod 2~m+ 1) and d =(h + 1)(2~m-1) + 1. The cross correlation function between a binary m-sequence of period 22~m-1 and its d-decimation sequence is proved to take four values, and the correlation distribution is completely determined. Let n be an even integer and k be an integer with 1≤k≤n/2. For an odd prime p and a p-ary m-sequence {s(t)} of period p^n-1, define u(t) =∑(p^k-1)/2 i=0 s(d_it), where d_i = ip^(n/2) + p^k-i and i = 0, 1,...,(p^k-1)/2. It is proved that the cross correlation function between {u(t)} and {s(t)} is three-valued or four-valued depending on whether k is equal to n/2 or not, and the distribution is also determined.展开更多
A study was conducted on the effect of atmospheric parameters, including temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity, on fine particulate mass concentrations measured in Jiading District of Shanghai, China, during ...A study was conducted on the effect of atmospheric parameters, including temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity, on fine particulate mass concentrations measured in Jiading District of Shanghai, China, during the period from January 2009 to January 2010. A sensitivity analysis was applied to investigate the interaction between atmospheric parameters and particulate mass concentration. The experiment revealed that the concentration of particulates increased with particle size from 0.1 to 1.0 μm, and decreased with the increase of particle size from 1.0 to 2.5 μm. The effects of atmospheric parameters on fine mass concentrations were significantly particle size-dependent. The PM1.0-2.5 may come from the size increase of smaller particulates after moisture absorption, And the variation of concentrations of PM0.1-l.0 was mainly attributed to the accumulation of PM0.1. The ventilation index and dilution index were calcu- lated on the basis of data collected in December 2009. A correlation analysis indicated that there was a significant relation between these two indexes and the particulate concentration by examining the three particle size ranges, 0.0-0.1, 0.1-1.0, and 1,0-2.5 μm. The Spearman correlation coefficients that related the ventilation index to the concentration for the three particle size ranges were -0.45, -0.56 and -0.47, respectively, while the coefficients that related the dilution index to the concentration were -0.36, -0.42 and -0.45, respectively.展开更多
文摘In recently published paper by Yang Chunxin[1], I reexamined the paper. On page 128, the paper 'pointed out that the size and spatial distribution density of nucleation sites presented on real boiling surface can be described by the normalized fractal distribution function, and the physical meaning of parameters involved in some experimental correlations proposed by early investigations are identified according to fractal distribution'. However, the definition on fractal dimension given by Yang[1] is highly questionable, and the results obtained by Yang are contradictory to the basic fractal theory. Here are my comments:
基金fund by sub-project of National Science and Technology Major Project on Water Pollution Prevention and Control(No.2012ZX07203-003-Z04)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No. ZYGX2012J112)
文摘AzoR is a homodimeric,flavin mononucleotide(FMN)-containing,NADH-dependent azoreductase from Escherichia coli.In this paper,we investigated the effect of the concentration of both AzoR and R59 G on the spectral behavior of the bound FMN using two-dimensional fluorescence correlation spectra.Two cross peaks(530,490) and(580,530) were observed from the dilution-induced 2D asynchronous correlation map of wt AzoR,while only one cross peak appeared at(600,530) for R59 C mutant.This result indicated that the mutation at site 59 influenced the formation of dilution-induced intermediates.The specific activity of both AzoR and R59 G mutant was unaffected by dilution when the enzyme concentration is below 1 μmol/L,which suggested that no significant dissociation of FMN occurred at low concentrations.Additionally,in order to explore the origin of these intermediates,we carried out a2 D correlation analysis using excitation wavelength-dependent fluorescence emission spectroscopy.The results showed that there coexisted two types of FMN that emitted fluorescence at 530 nm and 500 nm,respectively.Taken together,these results suggested that the 2D method is a very powerful method to identify the heterogeneous distribution of the bound FMN in solution.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61170257)
文摘For two odd integers m and s with 1≤s < m and gcd(m, s) = 1, let h satisfy h(2~s-1) ≡1(mod 2~m+ 1) and d =(h + 1)(2~m-1) + 1. The cross correlation function between a binary m-sequence of period 22~m-1 and its d-decimation sequence is proved to take four values, and the correlation distribution is completely determined. Let n be an even integer and k be an integer with 1≤k≤n/2. For an odd prime p and a p-ary m-sequence {s(t)} of period p^n-1, define u(t) =∑(p^k-1)/2 i=0 s(d_it), where d_i = ip^(n/2) + p^k-i and i = 0, 1,...,(p^k-1)/2. It is proved that the cross correlation function between {u(t)} and {s(t)} is three-valued or four-valued depending on whether k is equal to n/2 or not, and the distribution is also determined.
基金supported by the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KJCX-3SYW-N3)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10775174)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11005144)Basic Research Key Project of Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology (10JC1417200)the Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (3109ZR1438200)
文摘A study was conducted on the effect of atmospheric parameters, including temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity, on fine particulate mass concentrations measured in Jiading District of Shanghai, China, during the period from January 2009 to January 2010. A sensitivity analysis was applied to investigate the interaction between atmospheric parameters and particulate mass concentration. The experiment revealed that the concentration of particulates increased with particle size from 0.1 to 1.0 μm, and decreased with the increase of particle size from 1.0 to 2.5 μm. The effects of atmospheric parameters on fine mass concentrations were significantly particle size-dependent. The PM1.0-2.5 may come from the size increase of smaller particulates after moisture absorption, And the variation of concentrations of PM0.1-l.0 was mainly attributed to the accumulation of PM0.1. The ventilation index and dilution index were calcu- lated on the basis of data collected in December 2009. A correlation analysis indicated that there was a significant relation between these two indexes and the particulate concentration by examining the three particle size ranges, 0.0-0.1, 0.1-1.0, and 1,0-2.5 μm. The Spearman correlation coefficients that related the ventilation index to the concentration for the three particle size ranges were -0.45, -0.56 and -0.47, respectively, while the coefficients that related the dilution index to the concentration were -0.36, -0.42 and -0.45, respectively.