Lumbar degenerative disc disease(DDD)in the elderly population remains a global health problem,especially in patients with osteoporosis.Osteoporosis in the elderly can cause failure of internal fixation.Cortical bone ...Lumbar degenerative disc disease(DDD)in the elderly population remains a global health problem,especially in patients with osteoporosis.Osteoporosis in the elderly can cause failure of internal fixation.Cortical bone trajectory(CBT)is an effective,safe and minimally invasive technique for the treatment of lumbar DDD in patients with osteoporosis.In this review,we analyzed the anatomy,biomechanics,and advantages of the CBT technique in lumbar DDD and revision surgery.Additionally,the clinical trials and case reports,indications,advancements and limitations of this technique were further discussed and reviewed.Finally,we concluded that the CBT technique can be a practical,effective and safe alternative to traditional pedicle screw fixation,especially in DDD patients with osteoporosis.展开更多
Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) is a common surgical procedure and widely used in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disc disorders. Traditionally, posterior lumbar interbody fusion is done by using the tra...Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) is a common surgical procedure and widely used in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disc disorders. Traditionally, posterior lumbar interbody fusion is done by using the traditional pedicle screw (PS) which offers great advantages, but at the same time it has some disadvantages which include the risk of superior facet joint violation and muscle damage. Recently, an alternative method of screw insertion via cortical bone trajectory (CBT) has been invented which has less invasive process and can be placed without the drawbacks associated with the traditional pedicle screw. However, it has to remain an interest whether CBT will provide similar or greater clinical outcomes compared to PS in PLIF. So the main aim of this review is to compare the clinical outcomes of cortical bone trajectory and traditional pedicle screw fixation in posterior lumbar interbody fusion based on the articles published on this topic. Compared to the traditional pedicle screw fixation, PLIF with CBT has similar clinical outcome based on pain intensity, ODI status and JOA score, as well as similar fusion rate and radiological evaluated complication such as loosening of screw. In addition PLIF with CBT has advantages of less facet joint violation, less blood loss, less intraoperative muscle damage and perioperative pain. On the basis of this study, we can suggest that PLIF with CBT can be considered as a reasonable alternative to PS in PLIF.展开更多
The cortical bone trajectory(CBT) is a novel technique in lumbar fixation and fusion.The unique caudocephalad and medial-lateral screw trajectories endow it with excellent screw purchase for vertebral fixation via a m...The cortical bone trajectory(CBT) is a novel technique in lumbar fixation and fusion.The unique caudocephalad and medial-lateral screw trajectories endow it with excellent screw purchase for vertebral fixation via a minimally invasive method.The combined use of CBT screws with transforaminal or posterior lumbar interbody fusion can treat a variety of lumbar diseases,including spondylolisthesis or stenosis,and can also be used as a remedy for revision surgery when the pedicle screw fails.CBT has obvious advantages in terms of surgical trauma,postoperative recovery,prevention and treatment of adjacent vertebral disease,and the surgical treatment of obese and osteoporosis patients.However,the concept of CBT internal fixation technology appeared relatively recently;consequently,there are few relevant clinical studies,and the long-term clinical efficacy and related complications have not been reported.Therefore,large sample and prospective studies are needed to further reveal the long-term complications and fusion rate.As a supplement to the traditional pedicle trajectory fixation technique,the CBT technique is a good choice for the treatment of lumbar diseases with accurate screw placement and strict indications and is thus deserving of clinical recommendation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)has been widely used in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF).Following surgery,the bone cement would be positioned permanently.However,in some cases of lumbar de...BACKGROUND Percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)has been widely used in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF).Following surgery,the bone cement would be positioned permanently.However,in some cases of lumbar degenerative disease,the cemented vertebrae needs to be fixed after decompression and fusion procedure.It is difficult to implant traditional pedicle screws into the cemented vertebrae because of the bone cement filling.At present,the main treatment strategy is to skip the cemented vertebra and conduct a long segment fixation.This article presents a cortical bone trajectory(CBT)fixation technique for cemented vertebrae.CASE SUMMARY PVP involving the L3 and L4 was performed in an 82-year-old man due to OVCF.During the surgery,bone cement leakage occurred,resulting in compression of the root of the right L3 nerve.We performed a partial facetectomy to retrieve the leaked bone cement and to relieve the patient’s neurological symptoms.After 3 mo,the patient developed lumbar disc herniation in L3/4,potentially due to instability caused by the previous surgery.Therefore,it was necessary to perform intervertebral fusion and fixation.It was difficult to implant traditional trajectory pedicle screws in L3 and L4 because of the bone cement filling.Hence,we implanted CBT screws in the L3 and L4 vertebrae.As a result,the patient’s symptoms resolved and he reported satisfaction with the surgery at follow-up after 8 mo.CONCLUSION It is feasible to utilize CBT in cemented vertebrae for the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease.展开更多
椎弓根螺钉内固定是目前应用较为广泛的腰椎内固定方法之一,但对于严重的骨质疏松患者,固定效果不甚理想。为克服这一不足,Santoni等学者提出皮质骨钉道(cortical bone trajectory,CBT)螺钉内固定技术,该文就其概念、技术特点、钉道特...椎弓根螺钉内固定是目前应用较为广泛的腰椎内固定方法之一,但对于严重的骨质疏松患者,固定效果不甚理想。为克服这一不足,Santoni等学者提出皮质骨钉道(cortical bone trajectory,CBT)螺钉内固定技术,该文就其概念、技术特点、钉道特征和螺钉定位方法、生物力学及临床应用等方面的进展进行综述。展开更多
目的观察皮质骨通道螺钉固定A3型胸腰椎骨质疏松性椎体骨折的生物力学即刻稳定性。方法取6具新鲜老年尸体胸腰段脊柱标本,在MTS-858脊柱生物力学实验机上测试原始状态、传统固定、皮质骨通道螺钉(cortical bone trajectory,CBT)固定、...目的观察皮质骨通道螺钉固定A3型胸腰椎骨质疏松性椎体骨折的生物力学即刻稳定性。方法取6具新鲜老年尸体胸腰段脊柱标本,在MTS-858脊柱生物力学实验机上测试原始状态、传统固定、皮质骨通道螺钉(cortical bone trajectory,CBT)固定、骨折传统固定、骨折CBT固定五种工况下的L1~3的活动范围。结果传统固定组、CBT固定组的三维六自由度活动范围较原始状态组明显降低(P<0.01),传统固定组和CBT固定组之间没有显著差异。骨折传统固定组和骨折CBT固定组的三维活动总体上比原始状态组降低(P<0.05),但是骨折传统固定组和骨折CBT固定组之间差异无统计学意义。骨折传统固定组和骨折CBT固定组的三维活动,分别比传统固定组和CBT固定组之间的三维活动有所增加,但是差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论骨折后CBT螺钉固定可获得与骨折后普通椎弓根螺钉固定相似的即刻稳定性,CBT螺钉固定可用于老年A3型骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折的临床治疗。展开更多
Objective The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the lumbar pedicle cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screw fixation technique,a new fixation technique for lumbar surgery.Data sources The data analyzed in this re...Objective The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the lumbar pedicle cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screw fixation technique,a new fixation technique for lumbar surgery.Data sources The data analyzed in this review are mainly from articles reported in PubMed published from 1994 to 2014.Study selection Original articles and critical reviews relevant to CBT technique and lumbar pedicle fixation were selected.Results CBT technique was firstly introduced as a new fixation method for lumbar pedicle surgery in 2009.The concepts,morphometric study,biomechanical characteristics and clinical applications of CBT technique were reviewed.The insertional point of CBT screw is located at the lateral point of the pars interarticularis,and its trajectory follows a caudocephalad path sagittally and a laterally directed path in the transverse plane.CBT technique can be used for posterior fixation during lumbar fusion procedures.This technique is a minimally invasive surgery,which affords better biomechanical stability,fixation strength and surgical safety.Therefore,CBT technique has the greatest benefit in lumbar pedicle surgery for patients with osteoporosis and obesity.Conclusion CBT technique is a better alternative option of lumbar pedicle fixation,especially for patients with osteoporosis and obesity.展开更多
目的比较皮质骨螺钉(cortical bone trajectory,CBT)固定与带袢钢板弹性固定在老年踝关节骨折(fracture of ankle joint,FAJ)下胫腓损伤患者中的应用效果。方法选取2022年8月—2023年7月菏泽骨伤医院收治的92例老年FAJ下胫腓损伤患者为...目的比较皮质骨螺钉(cortical bone trajectory,CBT)固定与带袢钢板弹性固定在老年踝关节骨折(fracture of ankle joint,FAJ)下胫腓损伤患者中的应用效果。方法选取2022年8月—2023年7月菏泽骨伤医院收治的92例老年FAJ下胫腓损伤患者为研究对象,根据不同治疗方法分为两组,各46例。对照组采用CBT固定治疗,研究组采用带袢钢板弹性固定治疗。比较两组术中与术后情况、美国足踝外科协会(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS)踝与后足评分(Ankle Hindfoot Scale,AHS)、并发症发生情况。结果两组术中操作时间、术中失血量比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。研究组部分与完全负重活动时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。术后6个月时,研究组AOFAS-AHS评分为(90.02±2.65)分,高于对照组的(85.02±2.75)分,差异有统计学意义(t=8.880,P<0.05)。两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与CBT相比,带袢钢板弹性固定可以有效缩短老年FAJ下胫腓损伤患者的部分与完全负重活动时间,促进踝关节功能恢复。展开更多
目的:探讨老年腰椎结核Ⅰ期行皮质骨轨迹(cortical bone trajectory,CBT)螺钉技术联合前路小切口病灶清除支撑植骨的临床疗效。方法:对2015年2月至2016年12月采用CBT螺钉技术联合前路小切口病灶清除治疗的22例腰椎结核患者进行回顾性分...目的:探讨老年腰椎结核Ⅰ期行皮质骨轨迹(cortical bone trajectory,CBT)螺钉技术联合前路小切口病灶清除支撑植骨的临床疗效。方法:对2015年2月至2016年12月采用CBT螺钉技术联合前路小切口病灶清除治疗的22例腰椎结核患者进行回顾性分析,其中男13例,女9例,年龄(73.3±7.1)岁。Frankel分级:B级2例,C级5例,D级6例,E级9例。对手术前后视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Cobb角、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、Frankel分级进行分析,并观察手术并发症、内植物稳定性和植骨融合情况。结果:22例患者均获得随访,时间12~24(18.7±4.6)个月。有2例患者术后3个月发现前路手术对侧腰大肌脓肿增大,行B超定位下置管引流后治愈。余20例均Ⅰ期愈合,无窦道形成及脊柱结核复发。末次随访Frankel分级:C级3例,D级5例,E级14例。末次随访后凸Cobb角由术前的(17.68±3.86)°减少至(4.77±2.47)°;VAS评分由术前的(6.95±2.26)分减少至末次随访时的(2.18±1.59)分;ESR由术前的(47.14±20.85) mm/h降至末次随访的(16.77±11.42) mm/h。X线、CT检查均提示已骨性愈合,平均融合时间为(4.9±1.2)个月。结论:采用Ⅰ期皮质骨轨迹螺钉技术联合前路小切口病灶清除支撑植骨治疗老年腰椎结核是较为有效、安全的方法。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82202694。
文摘Lumbar degenerative disc disease(DDD)in the elderly population remains a global health problem,especially in patients with osteoporosis.Osteoporosis in the elderly can cause failure of internal fixation.Cortical bone trajectory(CBT)is an effective,safe and minimally invasive technique for the treatment of lumbar DDD in patients with osteoporosis.In this review,we analyzed the anatomy,biomechanics,and advantages of the CBT technique in lumbar DDD and revision surgery.Additionally,the clinical trials and case reports,indications,advancements and limitations of this technique were further discussed and reviewed.Finally,we concluded that the CBT technique can be a practical,effective and safe alternative to traditional pedicle screw fixation,especially in DDD patients with osteoporosis.
文摘Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) is a common surgical procedure and widely used in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disc disorders. Traditionally, posterior lumbar interbody fusion is done by using the traditional pedicle screw (PS) which offers great advantages, but at the same time it has some disadvantages which include the risk of superior facet joint violation and muscle damage. Recently, an alternative method of screw insertion via cortical bone trajectory (CBT) has been invented which has less invasive process and can be placed without the drawbacks associated with the traditional pedicle screw. However, it has to remain an interest whether CBT will provide similar or greater clinical outcomes compared to PS in PLIF. So the main aim of this review is to compare the clinical outcomes of cortical bone trajectory and traditional pedicle screw fixation in posterior lumbar interbody fusion based on the articles published on this topic. Compared to the traditional pedicle screw fixation, PLIF with CBT has similar clinical outcome based on pain intensity, ODI status and JOA score, as well as similar fusion rate and radiological evaluated complication such as loosening of screw. In addition PLIF with CBT has advantages of less facet joint violation, less blood loss, less intraoperative muscle damage and perioperative pain. On the basis of this study, we can suggest that PLIF with CBT can be considered as a reasonable alternative to PS in PLIF.
基金Supported by The Joint Project of Chongqing Health Commission and Science and Technology Bureau,No.2022QNXM066The Top-notch Young Talent Project of Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,No. CQSZYY2020008。
文摘The cortical bone trajectory(CBT) is a novel technique in lumbar fixation and fusion.The unique caudocephalad and medial-lateral screw trajectories endow it with excellent screw purchase for vertebral fixation via a minimally invasive method.The combined use of CBT screws with transforaminal or posterior lumbar interbody fusion can treat a variety of lumbar diseases,including spondylolisthesis or stenosis,and can also be used as a remedy for revision surgery when the pedicle screw fails.CBT has obvious advantages in terms of surgical trauma,postoperative recovery,prevention and treatment of adjacent vertebral disease,and the surgical treatment of obese and osteoporosis patients.However,the concept of CBT internal fixation technology appeared relatively recently;consequently,there are few relevant clinical studies,and the long-term clinical efficacy and related complications have not been reported.Therefore,large sample and prospective studies are needed to further reveal the long-term complications and fusion rate.As a supplement to the traditional pedicle trajectory fixation technique,the CBT technique is a good choice for the treatment of lumbar diseases with accurate screw placement and strict indications and is thus deserving of clinical recommendation.
文摘BACKGROUND Percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)has been widely used in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF).Following surgery,the bone cement would be positioned permanently.However,in some cases of lumbar degenerative disease,the cemented vertebrae needs to be fixed after decompression and fusion procedure.It is difficult to implant traditional pedicle screws into the cemented vertebrae because of the bone cement filling.At present,the main treatment strategy is to skip the cemented vertebra and conduct a long segment fixation.This article presents a cortical bone trajectory(CBT)fixation technique for cemented vertebrae.CASE SUMMARY PVP involving the L3 and L4 was performed in an 82-year-old man due to OVCF.During the surgery,bone cement leakage occurred,resulting in compression of the root of the right L3 nerve.We performed a partial facetectomy to retrieve the leaked bone cement and to relieve the patient’s neurological symptoms.After 3 mo,the patient developed lumbar disc herniation in L3/4,potentially due to instability caused by the previous surgery.Therefore,it was necessary to perform intervertebral fusion and fixation.It was difficult to implant traditional trajectory pedicle screws in L3 and L4 because of the bone cement filling.Hence,we implanted CBT screws in the L3 and L4 vertebrae.As a result,the patient’s symptoms resolved and he reported satisfaction with the surgery at follow-up after 8 mo.CONCLUSION It is feasible to utilize CBT in cemented vertebrae for the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease.
文摘椎弓根螺钉内固定是目前应用较为广泛的腰椎内固定方法之一,但对于严重的骨质疏松患者,固定效果不甚理想。为克服这一不足,Santoni等学者提出皮质骨钉道(cortical bone trajectory,CBT)螺钉内固定技术,该文就其概念、技术特点、钉道特征和螺钉定位方法、生物力学及临床应用等方面的进展进行综述。
文摘目的观察皮质骨通道螺钉固定A3型胸腰椎骨质疏松性椎体骨折的生物力学即刻稳定性。方法取6具新鲜老年尸体胸腰段脊柱标本,在MTS-858脊柱生物力学实验机上测试原始状态、传统固定、皮质骨通道螺钉(cortical bone trajectory,CBT)固定、骨折传统固定、骨折CBT固定五种工况下的L1~3的活动范围。结果传统固定组、CBT固定组的三维六自由度活动范围较原始状态组明显降低(P<0.01),传统固定组和CBT固定组之间没有显著差异。骨折传统固定组和骨折CBT固定组的三维活动总体上比原始状态组降低(P<0.05),但是骨折传统固定组和骨折CBT固定组之间差异无统计学意义。骨折传统固定组和骨折CBT固定组的三维活动,分别比传统固定组和CBT固定组之间的三维活动有所增加,但是差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论骨折后CBT螺钉固定可获得与骨折后普通椎弓根螺钉固定相似的即刻稳定性,CBT螺钉固定可用于老年A3型骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折的临床治疗。
文摘目的:比较机器人辅助下皮质骨轨迹螺钉(cortical bone trajectory screw,CBTS)固定和传统椎弓根螺钉(traditional pedicle screw,TPS)固定后路腰椎椎间融合术(posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF)治疗合并骨质疏松腰椎管狭窄症患者的早期疗效和安全性。方法:回顾性分析2018年9月~2021年6月在我院接受机器人辅助下后路腰椎椎间融合内固定术治疗的113例患者临床资料,根据内固定方式分为两组:55例采用CBTS固定的患者纳入CBTS组,58例采用TPS固定的患者纳入TPS组,统计并比较两组患者的一般资料[年龄、性别比、身高、体重、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、髋关节骨密度]、手术相关资料(手术时间、手术切口长度、术中出血量)、围术期指标(术后住院时间、手术并发症、螺钉松动率、邻近椎小关节侵犯率、术前及术后血糖)以及术前和术后随访时的疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)。结果:两组患者的年龄、性别比、身高、体重、BMI和髋关节骨密度均无统计学异(P>0.05)。两组手术时间、术后住院时间、手术并发症、术前VAS评分和ODI、术后1个月和6个月时的ODI均无统计学差异(P>0.05);CBTS组术中出血量、手术切口长度和术后6个月时的VAS评分均显著小于TPS组(500mL vs 600mL,P=0.007;8cm vs 10cm,P=0.006;2分vs 3分,P<0.001)。两组间术前血糖及术后1d血糖无统计学差异(P>0.05),术后1周CBTS组显著低于TPS组(4.75mmol/L vs 5.57mmol/L,P=0.041)。末次随访时CBTS组螺钉松动率和邻近椎小关节侵犯率均显著低于TPS组(1.68%vs 4.52%,P=0.044和13.83%vs 26.53%,P=0.029)。结论:对于合并骨质疏松的腰椎管狭窄症患者,机器人辅助下CBTS固定PLIF比TPS固定PLIF的创伤更小,术后早期康复更快,螺钉相关并发症更少。
文摘Objective The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the lumbar pedicle cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screw fixation technique,a new fixation technique for lumbar surgery.Data sources The data analyzed in this review are mainly from articles reported in PubMed published from 1994 to 2014.Study selection Original articles and critical reviews relevant to CBT technique and lumbar pedicle fixation were selected.Results CBT technique was firstly introduced as a new fixation method for lumbar pedicle surgery in 2009.The concepts,morphometric study,biomechanical characteristics and clinical applications of CBT technique were reviewed.The insertional point of CBT screw is located at the lateral point of the pars interarticularis,and its trajectory follows a caudocephalad path sagittally and a laterally directed path in the transverse plane.CBT technique can be used for posterior fixation during lumbar fusion procedures.This technique is a minimally invasive surgery,which affords better biomechanical stability,fixation strength and surgical safety.Therefore,CBT technique has the greatest benefit in lumbar pedicle surgery for patients with osteoporosis and obesity.Conclusion CBT technique is a better alternative option of lumbar pedicle fixation,especially for patients with osteoporosis and obesity.
文摘目的比较皮质骨螺钉(cortical bone trajectory,CBT)固定与带袢钢板弹性固定在老年踝关节骨折(fracture of ankle joint,FAJ)下胫腓损伤患者中的应用效果。方法选取2022年8月—2023年7月菏泽骨伤医院收治的92例老年FAJ下胫腓损伤患者为研究对象,根据不同治疗方法分为两组,各46例。对照组采用CBT固定治疗,研究组采用带袢钢板弹性固定治疗。比较两组术中与术后情况、美国足踝外科协会(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS)踝与后足评分(Ankle Hindfoot Scale,AHS)、并发症发生情况。结果两组术中操作时间、术中失血量比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。研究组部分与完全负重活动时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。术后6个月时,研究组AOFAS-AHS评分为(90.02±2.65)分,高于对照组的(85.02±2.75)分,差异有统计学意义(t=8.880,P<0.05)。两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与CBT相比,带袢钢板弹性固定可以有效缩短老年FAJ下胫腓损伤患者的部分与完全负重活动时间,促进踝关节功能恢复。
文摘目的:探讨老年腰椎结核Ⅰ期行皮质骨轨迹(cortical bone trajectory,CBT)螺钉技术联合前路小切口病灶清除支撑植骨的临床疗效。方法:对2015年2月至2016年12月采用CBT螺钉技术联合前路小切口病灶清除治疗的22例腰椎结核患者进行回顾性分析,其中男13例,女9例,年龄(73.3±7.1)岁。Frankel分级:B级2例,C级5例,D级6例,E级9例。对手术前后视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Cobb角、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、Frankel分级进行分析,并观察手术并发症、内植物稳定性和植骨融合情况。结果:22例患者均获得随访,时间12~24(18.7±4.6)个月。有2例患者术后3个月发现前路手术对侧腰大肌脓肿增大,行B超定位下置管引流后治愈。余20例均Ⅰ期愈合,无窦道形成及脊柱结核复发。末次随访Frankel分级:C级3例,D级5例,E级14例。末次随访后凸Cobb角由术前的(17.68±3.86)°减少至(4.77±2.47)°;VAS评分由术前的(6.95±2.26)分减少至末次随访时的(2.18±1.59)分;ESR由术前的(47.14±20.85) mm/h降至末次随访的(16.77±11.42) mm/h。X线、CT检查均提示已骨性愈合,平均融合时间为(4.9±1.2)个月。结论:采用Ⅰ期皮质骨轨迹螺钉技术联合前路小切口病灶清除支撑植骨治疗老年腰椎结核是较为有效、安全的方法。