Cost Control Strategies in the Pre-Construction Period of Highway Construction

Effective cost control in the investment and design phases of highway construction is crucial for managing project expenses.However,current management practices often overlook pre-construction cost management,leading to budget overruns and project delays during later stages.To ensure the smooth execution and cost control of highway construction projects,this paper examines the significance of cost control,evaluates the current state and challenges of highway construction,and proposes strategies for cost management.These strategies aim to establish a robust foundation for cost management in highway projects.

VPLS Based Quality and Cost Control for Tennessee Eastman Process

Product quality and operation cost control obtain increasing emphases in modern chemical system engineering. To improve the fault detection power of the partial least square (PLS) method for quality control, a new QRPV statistic is proposed in terms of the VP (variable importance in projection) indices of monitored process variables, which is significantly advanced over and different from the conventional Q statistic. QRPV is calculated only by the residuals of the remarkable process variables (RPVs). Therefore, it is the dominant relation between quality and RPV not all process variables (as in the case of the conventional PLS) that is monitored by this new VP-PLS (VPLS) method. The combination of QRPV and T2 statistics is applied to the quality and cost control of the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process, and weak faults can be detected as quickly as possible. Consequently, the product quality of TE process is guaranteed and operation costs are reduced.

Cost Control research in Construction Project Management

Construction project management as an important branch of management science has its own characteristics; it was known as an important aspect of project management in the 21 st century. Construction companies now face a more complex competitive environment and more powerful competitors. In order to compete for the market and living space, Enterprises should be in a strategic height, cultivate long- term competitive advantage. Cost management is a new tool to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises, Popularization and application of Construction project management to the scientific development of the project management made the following three aspects urgent requirement. First. establish a scientific system for the construction project management. Construction Project Management knowledge system is the foundation and needs for Construction Project Management scientific and professional.

Construction Management and Cost Control of Landscaping Projects

Uniqueness of landscaping projects was analyzed,and cost was regarded as an important index evaluating performance of landscaping construction enterprises. Based on reviewing limitation of cost control on landscaping construction enterprises,enhancing construction management,controlling cost reasonably,and reducing project cost were proposed as the foundation and core content of enterprise cost management,and also the key to successful project management.By combining with design practices,suggestions for enhancing construction management of landscaping project,controlling cost and improving profits were given.

Memory-Type Control Charts Through the Lens of Cost Parameters

A memory-type control chart utilizes previous information for chart construction.An example of a memory-type chart is an exponentially-weighted moving average(EWMA)control chart.The EWMA control chart is well-known and widely employed by practitioners for monitoring small and moderate process mean shifts.Meanwhile,the EWMA median chart is robust against outliers.In light of this,the economic model of the EWMA and EWMA median control charts are commonly considered.This study aims to investigate the effect of cost parameters on the out-of-control average run lengthðARL_(1)Þin implementing EWMA and EWMA median control charts.The economic model was used to compute the ARL_(1) parameter.The 14 input parameters were identified and the analysis was carried out based on the one-parameter-at-a-time basis.When the input parameters change based on a predetermined percentage,the ARL_(1) is affected.According to the results of the EWMA chart,nine input parameters had an effect andfive input parameters had no effect on the ARL_(1) parameter.Further,only seven of the 14 input parameters had an effect on the ARL_(1) of the EWMA median chart.However,the effect of each input parameter on the ARL_(1) was different.Moreover,the ARL_(1) for the EWMA median chart was smaller than the EWMA chart.This analysis is crucial to observe and determine the input parameters that have a significant impact on the ARL_(1) of the EMWA and EWMA median control charts.Hence,practitioners can obtain an overview of the influence of the input parameters on the ARL_(1) when implementing the EWMA and EWMA median control charts.

Control and Management of Construction Project Cost

Project cost can control the input in construction project and improve economic benefits of construction enterprises,so it is an important section of construction engineering.Reasonable control and management of project cost is the principle that building units must obey in the whole process of project,particularly in the construction stage,so it is extremely important to control and manage the project cost.This paper first analyzed possible causes for the unreasonable cost of construction projects,and put forward pertinent strategies for the control and management of construction project cost.

The Application of Quality Control Circles to Reduce the Cost of Non-priced Consumables in Department of Oncology

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of using quality control circle(QCC)techniques to reduce the cost of non-priced consumables in medical oncology.Methods:Analytic statistics were compiled on the performance appraisal form.Aiming at the key points of improvement with respect to the excess cost of non-valuable consumables,the reasons were analyzed,and corresponding measures were formulated to compare the cost before and after the improvement.Results:After the QCC activity,the cost of non-priced consumables decreased from RMB 6.57/bed day to RMB 3.96/bed day.Conclusion:QCC has effectively reduced the cost of non-priced consumables in the oncology department,and it is worthy of promotion.

Discussion on Reducing Cost

从设计、计划、施工质量、采用新工艺、新技术、新装备及提高员工综合素质、建立健全各项制度、加强信息反馈等七个方面入手，做好节支降成。

工程造价超预算的原因分析和控制方法研究

在工程项目实施过程中,工程造价控制成为项目管理中的关键环节。本文从工程造价预算控制有益于项目顺利结算、有利于项目合理投入、有助于减少变更数量三个方面阐述了其意义。提出了造成超预算是因为施工组织设计脱离实际、工程施工进度失去控制、项目成本管理缺乏力度三个主要原因,提出了相应的控制方法,应严审施工组织设计以减少施工变更、严控工程施工进度以降低延期消耗、强化预算控制意识以提升投入效能。

船舶建造物料控制标准研究

船舶建造过程中涉及到的物料种类繁多,各具特色,它们各自在船舶建造中发挥着不可替代的作用。本文从船舶建造物料采购流程与策略、库存管理与优化、质量控制与检验等几方面研究船舶建造物料控制标准,以期能够合理地选用和管理这些物料,最终确保船舶建造的质量和效率。

装配式建筑成本控制方法与措施探究

近年来,国家大力倡导绿色低碳、节能环保理念,传统建筑业污染严重、材料浪费大、效率低,装配式建筑采用工业化生产模式,代表建筑业一大发展趋势。目前,装配式建筑成本居高不下,高成本成为制约其发展的阻碍。基于此,文中根据工程案例进行装配式建筑项目成本影响因素分析,并提出控制对策建议,为推动装配式建筑发展提供参考。

超额商誉与商业信用成本:基于风险和内控视角

为厘清超额商誉与商业信用成本间的关系,从供应商与企业间融资成本视角出发,以2014—2021年沪深A股公司为样本,基于信号传递理论,分析超额商誉对商业信用成本的影响机制。研究发现:超额商誉正向影响企业商业信用成本;超额商誉通过加剧企业经营风险,进而增加商业信用成本;较高的内部控制质量对超额商誉与商业信用成本间关系起负向调节作用,且随着内部控制质量的提升,超额商誉加剧经营风险的作用会有所减少,相应其对商业信用成本的正向影响也会减弱;在独立董事比例高、高管股权激励水平高和高管薪酬激励水平低的情形下,超额商誉对商业信用成本的正向影响降低,较高的独董比例和高管股权激励能一定程度缓解超额商誉的负面影响。

海洋石油工程项目建设成本管理思路

海洋石油工程项目的开展对缓解中国石油资源紧缺有重大意义及价值。这类项目建设运行具有高风险、工程周期长、海上运输工作量大、长期合作企业多、管理环节错综复杂等特点,实施过程应加强成本管理工作,有效提升企业的经济效益,降低建设风险。文章结合海洋石油工程项目管理中加强成本管理的价值意义分析出发,对当前成本管理工作开展中的现状及实施路径进行了综合探究,着重从成本管理构架、成本预算管理、成本控制要点、成本核算分析、成本考核等方面阐述,以期提升中国海上工程项目建设国际市场竞争力。

预制装配式地铁车站施工技术与造价控制分析

概述了预制装配式地铁车站预制构件的设计标准、结构设计与功能布局,以及预制与现场装配的接口设计;分析了预制装配式地铁车站的施工技术,涵盖施工前的准备工作、预制构件的制造、现场装配技术、安全与质量管理,以及特殊条件下的施工策略;讨论了预制装配式地铁车站的成本分析、材料选择与采购、施工过程中的成本管理,以及长期运维成本的考虑。

装配式建筑成本控制分析

通过对装配式建筑的成本构成进行分析,探究现阶段装配式建筑成本过高的原因,并采用层次分析法对各类影响因素的权重进行计算与分析,进而提出降低装配式建筑成本的策略,如提高装配式建筑设计标准化、加强装配式建筑预制构件运输管理、推广IBM技术在建筑项目的应用、加强政府宏观调控等,为降低装配式建筑成本、推动其未来的发展提供建议和参考。

建筑业钢筋工程质量追溯及成本控制研究——以广西自治区的建筑业钢筋加工为例

国家提出要持续开展绿色建筑创建行动,落实碳达峰碳中和目标任务,加快转变“大量建设、大量消耗、大量排放”的建设方式,推动城乡建设绿色发展。在建筑工业化领域实施智能建造模式是推动实现这一目标的有力举措,使整个工程实际施工实现从传统现场施工到项目的工厂化生产,有助于解决人力资源不足和技术水平参差不齐的痛点,从而有效提高工程建造的效率和控制施工成本。本文以智能建造为切入点,基于钢筋智能化生产加工领域内实际生产成本数据,将数据同步至质量追溯系统,分析当前成本控制效果,为钢筋加工智能化生产领域的成本控制提供降本增效措施建议,为推广成型钢筋应用提供数据支撑,进一步推动智能建造与建筑工业化协同发展。

公立医院医用耗材成本管控与结构优化实践——经导管肝动脉栓塞术中载药栓塞微球的使用管控案例分析

公立医院医用耗材的成本管控与结构优化有利于其从粗放式的控费管理转变为科学化、精细化管理。在保证医疗质量的前提下,降低患者诊疗负担,符合公立医院高质量发展需求,是实现价值医疗的必经之路。某三级甲等医院综合医用耗材医疗价值和经济价值双重管理属性,结合专科能力建设与病种结构优化,探索基于病种/术种的医用耗材标准路径及使用规范,建立“一科(专科)一策、一术(术种)一策、一耗(耗材)一策”的专项耗材使用分析及改进措施,通过贯彻载药栓塞微球的使用论证、召开多部门整改会议、严控载药栓塞微球使用适应症、限制载药栓塞微球研究路径开展人员、对进口载药栓塞微球进行谈判降价等措施,实现入组经导管肝动脉栓塞术的出院患者在病例组合指数(CMI)均值从2.23升至2.34(P<0.001)的前提下,次均耗材费用从1.96万降至1.56万(P<0.001),可为全国同行提供决策参考和工作借鉴。

BIM技术在建筑施工中的成本控制与管理

文章研究了BIM技术在建筑施工中的成本控制与管理,从图纸会审、工程算量、土建工程、机电工程、装配式工程、费用动态监控等方面出发,分析了BIM技术在建筑施工准备阶段和施工过程的成本控制要点,解决不同专业、不同环节之间的衔接问题,实现了施工成本管理的事前、事中动态集成控制。

基于BIM技术的装配式建筑施工精细化管理研究

近年来,装配式建筑作为一种新型建筑方式受到了广泛关注。BIM技术是数字建筑设计和施工中的关键技术,而精细化管理是保证施工质量及施工安全、提高施工企业经济效益的重要手段之一。分析了基于BIM技术的装配式建筑施工精细化管理及其在成本管理、施工进度管理、质量管理中的具体应用。BIM技术实现了实体模型+进度+成本的集成,达到了优化周期、节约成本的目的,可提高装配式建筑设计效率及施工质量,有利于提高施工企业的经济效益。

DIP改革下医院以价值为导向的质量和成本双控制管理对策

目的:分析DIP支付方式改革对公立医院的影响,探讨基于价值医疗为导向的医院医保和运营模式的转变,为公立医院高质量管理提供参考。方法:主要从质量管理和成本管控两方面着手,构建病种战略管理、一体化临床路径、病案首页质量管理、无效成本管控等精细化运营管理体系,并形成自我强化监督的机制。结果:医院提高管理效能,趋向于医、保、患三方利益均衡。结论:以价值为导向的DIP付费倒逼公立医院管理的变革,促使公立医院回归价值医疗的本质。公立医院应站在更高角度,顺应改革需求,克服改革中的困难,持续动态优化和调整,实现高质量发展。