Irreversible reductive insertion of Zn2+transforms Mn3O4 such that the resulting Zn0.2Mn3O4 exhibits highly reversible storage properties of chloride ions,thus rendering Zn0.2Mn3O4 an excellent cathode of aqueous dual...Irreversible reductive insertion of Zn2+transforms Mn3O4 such that the resulting Zn0.2Mn3O4 exhibits highly reversible storage properties of chloride ions,thus rendering Zn0.2Mn3O4 an excellent cathode of aqueous dual-ion batteries.With Zn2+trapped,Zn0.2Mn3O4 delivers the chloride-storage capacity over 200 mAh/g at an average potential of 1.6 V vs Zn2+/Zn by reversibly forming a new ionic compound equivalent to Zn0.2Mn3O4Cl1.7.Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance results suggest chloride as the primary charge carrier in the reversible oxidative anion insertion.The Mn3O4 anion-hosting cathode couples with Zn metal anode in a full-cell dual-ion battery,demonstrating stable cycling in practical pouch cells with an energy density of 150 Wh/kg based on the mass of both electrodes.展开更多
Chitosan microparticles for controlling drug delivery have been prepared by water in oil(w/o)emulsification process.Glutaraldehyde is normally used as cross-linking agent for hardening chitosan polymer into the rigid ...Chitosan microparticles for controlling drug delivery have been prepared by water in oil(w/o)emulsification process.Glutaraldehyde is normally used as cross-linking agent for hardening chitosan polymer into the rigid particles[1].From the cationic charge of ammonium groups in chitosan structure,moreover,it is also possible to cross-link the polymeric chain by the anionic counter-ion substances.Sodium hydroxide(NaOH)and tripolyphosphate(TPP)are the rich negatively charged molecules that are normally used in pharmaceutical preparations.They might be more appropriate to be chosen for the co-crosslinking process due to its safety[2].Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the effect of counter-ion NaOH and TPP agents on the properties of chitosan microparticles crosslinked by glutaraldehyde.Metronidazole was used as model drug loaded in these systems.展开更多
Protonating the pyridine rings of poly(pyridine-2,5-diyl) with dodecybenzenesulfonic acid and camphorsulphonic acid produces polymer materials which can be dissolved in chloroform (in contrast to the unprotonated poly...Protonating the pyridine rings of poly(pyridine-2,5-diyl) with dodecybenzenesulfonic acid and camphorsulphonic acid produces polymer materials which can be dissolved in chloroform (in contrast to the unprotonated polymer, which can only be dissolved in strong acids such as formic acid) and allows mixing the protonated polymers with other chloroform soluble conju- gated polymers for use in electronic devices. The protonating behavior of poly(pyridine-2,5-diyl) with two kinds of surfactants is different in some levels. Dodecybenzenesulfonic acid has higher protonating ability than camphorsulphonic acid.展开更多
电控离子交换(Electrochemically switched ion exchange,ESIX)系统内对电极具有保持溶液电中性、增强提锂效果且使系统形成闭合回路的关键作用。在ESIX技术盐湖提锂过程中人们主要关注锂离子捕获电极,关于对电极的研究较少。而本文研...电控离子交换(Electrochemically switched ion exchange,ESIX)系统内对电极具有保持溶液电中性、增强提锂效果且使系统形成闭合回路的关键作用。在ESIX技术盐湖提锂过程中人们主要关注锂离子捕获电极,关于对电极的研究较少。而本文研究了不同类型对电极对ESIX系统提锂性能的影响。分别采用聚吡咯/导电炭黑/聚偏二氟乙烯(PPy/C/PVDF)、活性炭/导电炭黑/聚偏二氟乙烯(AC/C/PVDF)和石墨板电极作为ESIX系统中锰酸锂/导电炭黑/聚偏二氟乙烯(LiMn_(2)O_(4)/C/PVDF)提锂膜电极的对电极,考察了这3种ESIX系统在氯化物型高镁锂比模拟卤水(Mg/Li~50)中的提锂性能。结果表明,当PPy/C/PVDF作为对电极时可有效吸附卤水中Cl^(-),且ESIX系统提锂性能最优,Li^(+)吸附量为13.9 mg/g;当PPy/C/PVDF电极湿膜厚度增加至1 mm时,ESIX系统对Li^(+)的提取率可达44.2%,Li^(+)/Mg^(2+)分离因子可达56.82。因此,针对不同的阴离子型盐湖卤水设计匹配的对电极对ESIX技术在盐湖提锂领域的发展具有重要的理论指导意义。展开更多
以哌嗪为连接基团,依次经过酰基化、氢化铝锂还原和季铵化反应,合成了新型季铵盐双子表面活性剂12-PZ-12。用1 H NMR和元素分析进行了结构表征,并研究了其表面活性以及不同种类和浓度的反离子对其表面活性的影响。结果表明,12-PZ-12的...以哌嗪为连接基团,依次经过酰基化、氢化铝锂还原和季铵化反应,合成了新型季铵盐双子表面活性剂12-PZ-12。用1 H NMR和元素分析进行了结构表征,并研究了其表面活性以及不同种类和浓度的反离子对其表面活性的影响。结果表明,12-PZ-12的水溶液在25℃时的临界胶束浓度cmc=4.68×10-4 mol/L,临界胶束浓度下的表面张力γcmc=24.0 mN/m,优于传统的表面活性剂。随着反离子浓度的增加,12-PZ-12的cmc值降低,且Iˉ比Clˉ对其cmc值的影响更为显著。展开更多
文摘Irreversible reductive insertion of Zn2+transforms Mn3O4 such that the resulting Zn0.2Mn3O4 exhibits highly reversible storage properties of chloride ions,thus rendering Zn0.2Mn3O4 an excellent cathode of aqueous dual-ion batteries.With Zn2+trapped,Zn0.2Mn3O4 delivers the chloride-storage capacity over 200 mAh/g at an average potential of 1.6 V vs Zn2+/Zn by reversibly forming a new ionic compound equivalent to Zn0.2Mn3O4Cl1.7.Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance results suggest chloride as the primary charge carrier in the reversible oxidative anion insertion.The Mn3O4 anion-hosting cathode couples with Zn metal anode in a full-cell dual-ion battery,demonstrating stable cycling in practical pouch cells with an energy density of 150 Wh/kg based on the mass of both electrodes.
文摘Chitosan microparticles for controlling drug delivery have been prepared by water in oil(w/o)emulsification process.Glutaraldehyde is normally used as cross-linking agent for hardening chitosan polymer into the rigid particles[1].From the cationic charge of ammonium groups in chitosan structure,moreover,it is also possible to cross-link the polymeric chain by the anionic counter-ion substances.Sodium hydroxide(NaOH)and tripolyphosphate(TPP)are the rich negatively charged molecules that are normally used in pharmaceutical preparations.They might be more appropriate to be chosen for the co-crosslinking process due to its safety[2].Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the effect of counter-ion NaOH and TPP agents on the properties of chitosan microparticles crosslinked by glutaraldehyde.Metronidazole was used as model drug loaded in these systems.
文摘Protonating the pyridine rings of poly(pyridine-2,5-diyl) with dodecybenzenesulfonic acid and camphorsulphonic acid produces polymer materials which can be dissolved in chloroform (in contrast to the unprotonated polymer, which can only be dissolved in strong acids such as formic acid) and allows mixing the protonated polymers with other chloroform soluble conju- gated polymers for use in electronic devices. The protonating behavior of poly(pyridine-2,5-diyl) with two kinds of surfactants is different in some levels. Dodecybenzenesulfonic acid has higher protonating ability than camphorsulphonic acid.
文摘以哌嗪为连接基团,依次经过酰基化、氢化铝锂还原和季铵化反应,合成了新型季铵盐双子表面活性剂12-PZ-12。用1 H NMR和元素分析进行了结构表征,并研究了其表面活性以及不同种类和浓度的反离子对其表面活性的影响。结果表明,12-PZ-12的水溶液在25℃时的临界胶束浓度cmc=4.68×10-4 mol/L,临界胶束浓度下的表面张力γcmc=24.0 mN/m,优于传统的表面活性剂。随着反离子浓度的增加,12-PZ-12的cmc值降低,且Iˉ比Clˉ对其cmc值的影响更为显著。
