Colorectal cancer’s burden attributable to a diet high in processed meat in the Belt and Road Initiative countries

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)plays a significant role in morbidity,mortality,and economic cost in the Belt and Road Initiative(“B and R”)countries.In addition,these countries have a substantial consumption of processed meat.However,the burden and trend of CRC in relation to the consumption of a diet high in processed meat(DHPM-CRC)in these“B and R”countries remain unknown.AIM To analyze the burden and trend of DHPM-CRC in the“B and R”countries from 1990 to 2019.METHODS We used the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study to collate information regarding the burden of DHPM-CRC.Numbers and age-standardized rates(ASRs)of deaths along with the disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)were determined among the“B and R”countries in 1990 and 2019.Using joinpoint regression analysis,the average annual percent change(AAPC)was used to analyze the temporal trends of age-standardized DALYs rate(ASDALR)from 1990 to 2019 and in the final decade(2010–2019).RESULTS We found geographical differences in the burden of DHPM-CRC among“B and R”countries,with the three highest-ranking countries being the Russian Federation,China,and Ukraine in 1990,and China,the Russian Federation,and Poland in 2019.The burden of DHPM-CRC generally increased in most member countries from 1990 to 2019(all P<0.05).The absolute number of deaths and DALYs in DHPM-CRC were 3151.15[95%uncertainty interval(UI)665.74-5696.64]and 83249.31(95%UI 15628.64-151956.31)in China in 2019.However,the number of deaths(2627.57-2528.51)and DALYs(65867.39-55378.65)for DHPM-CRC in the Russian Federation has declined.The fastest increase in ASDALR for DHPM-CRC was observed in Vietnam,Southeast Asia,with an AAPC value of 3.90%[95%confidence interval(CI):3.63%-4.16%],whereas the fastest decline was observed in Kyrgyzstan,Central Asia,with an AAPC value of-2.05%(95%CI:-2.37%to-1.73%).A substantial upward trend in ASR of mortality,years lived with disability,years of life lost,and DALYs from DHPM-CRC changes in 1990-2019 and the final decade(2010-2019)for most Maritime Silk Route members in East Asia,South Asia,Southeast Asia,North Africa,and the Middle East,as well as Central Europe,while those of the most Land Silk Route members in Central Asia and Eastern Europe have decreased markedly(all P<0.05).The ASDALR for DHPM-CRC increased more in males than in females(all P<0.05).For those aged 50-74 years,the ASDALR for DHPM-CRC in 40 members exhibited an increasing trend,except for 20 members,including 7 members in Central Asia,Maldives,and 12 high or high-middle social development index(SDI)members in other regions(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION The burden of DHPM-CRC varies substantially across“B and R”countries and threatens public health.Relevant evidence-based policies and interventions tailored to the different trends of countries in SDIs or Silk Routes should be adopted to reduce the future burden of CRC in“B and R”countries via extensive collaboration.

Discourse Analysis of the Belt and Road Initiative From the Perspective of Central Asian Countries: A Case Study of the Republic of Kazakhstan

This study employs Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis(CDA)three-dimensional model,using the Republic of Kazakhstan as a case study,to delve into the discourse construction of China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)in Central Asian countries.Through detailed analysis of policy documents,media reports,and public discussions in Central Asian countries,this paper reveals how the BRI constructs specific social practices,discourse events,and textual meanings within these nations.The findings indicate that through this global development strategy,China has not only strengthened its economic ties with Central Asian countries but has also exerted profound influences on political,cultural,and social levels.

Rules for Access of Foreign Capitals to Agricultural Field in Countries along the "Belt and Road"

Agriculture is related to the strategy and security of a country. Every country is very discreet about access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field. Countries along the " Belt and Road" also have imposed restrictions on the access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field.There are restrictions on establishing agriculture-related enterprises,affiliated organizations,and branch offices. Also,there are regulations concerning the scope,proportion,performance requirement,and approval of access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field.

China-Russia-India The BRICS Countries in Eurasia Are the Key Factors in the Construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt

China is the starting point and pioneer and driver of the Silk Road Economic Belt; Russia is located in the throat place of the belt; and India is at the joint of the belt and the Maritime Silk Road. China, Russia, and India as the BRICS countries are geo-connected, easy to reach a consensus because of their common and similar interests. The three countries also have common inherent demands and strategic directions： connectivity, complementarity, taking advantage of the great powers of Eurasia and sea-land compound, moving toward the grand trend of modern international economy and technology development. Promoting the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt accords with their respective interests, and is their common interests, which decide that China, Russia, and India are the key factors and dominant forces in the construction of the belt.

The “Belt & Road” Initiative and Its Chinese Traditional Philosophical Root

This article analyzes the relations between Chinese traditional philosophy and the “Belt & Road” Initiative. The idea of “Belt & Road” Initiative has a deep root in Chinese traditional philosophy. Silk Road has become a symbol of peace and friendship in Chinese culture and it always brings back the good memories in Chinese people about the prosperity of trade and economy. The both Silk Roads not only witnessed the exchange and communication between China and western areas to China, but also the most prosperous time in Chinese history. China proposes the “Belt & Road” Initiative with the purpose of constructing a more prosperous world by the jointing efforts of the nations all over the world. Because of the barriers and misconceptions in transcultural and cross-cultural activities, people from different cultures have difficulty in understanding the “Belt & Road” Initiative with its founding meanings. This paper aims to offer clear image about the background, context, and core points of the “Belt & Road” Initiative. In fact, the “Belt & Road” Initiative is natural reflection of Chinese traditional philosophy. If the essence of Chinese traditional philosophy, for example,“harmony but diversity”, the “peace and war” as well as the balance of “Yin” and “Yang” could be understood well, it would be much easier to have a correct understanding about the concept of the “Belt & Road” Initiative.

The Interactive Development of China’s Retail Industry “Going global” Strategy in the Context of the Belt & Road Initiative

Helping China’s retail industry to "go global" and get actively involved in global value chain competition is an effective way to improve the international competitiveness of China’s retail industry and an important measure to enhance the Chinese manufacturing industry’s position in international markets. The Belt and Road Initiative is China’s national strategy providing guidance for strategic decision-making for China’s retail industry in terms of overseas target market selection, market access selection and overseas investment risk management. As such, efforts should be made to maximize the interactive development of China’s retail industry through the strategies outlined in the Belt and Road Initiative.

Can increased economic complexity and reduced carbon emissions of the logistics industry go hand in hand?Evidence from countries along the Belt and Road

At present,the main focus of research lies in examining the connection between economic complexity and carbon emissions as a whole,but there is a scarcity of quantitative investigations on the link between the above variables within specific industries.Therefore,this study introduces economic complexity as a new variable to build a panel model within the traditional Environmental Kuznets Curve framework.Based on the data of the countries along the Belt and Road from 1998 to 2018,we used the Granger causality test to examine the causal relationship between variables,and use the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square methods to estimate the coefficients of variables.The key factor linking economic complexity and carbon emissions in the logistics industry is technology innovation Economic complexity can explain and predict the changes in carbon emissions of logistics industry more reasonably,and the relationship between them in line with the environmental kuznets curve hypothesis.Only high-income countries can increase economic complexity while reducing carbon emissions of logistics industry.Based on the empirical analysis,it is suggested that upper-middle income and lower middle-income countries can formulate relevant policies and regulations,and high-income countries can improve the relevant policies and regulations to promote the reduction of carbon emissions of the logistics industry.Studying the impact of economic complexity on carbon emissions in the logistics industry can help better predict and respond to the impact of climate change on the logistics industry.

基于机器学习的“一带一路”投资国别风险预测研究

“一带一路”倡议提出十年间,中国对沿线国家的投资规模持续扩大。然而,企业在抓住机遇,进行“一带一路”沿线国家投资的同时,也需要重点关注“一带一路”投资国别风险。本文从政治、经济、社会和对华关系4个维度构建“一带一路”投资国别风险预测指标体系;运用灰色关联分析计算样本国家的综合风险评价值;基于2012~2022年间“一带一路”沿线国家的数据,利用机器学习构建GA-BP神经网络、支持向量回归和随机森林3种预测模型;通过对比预测精度,确定最佳预测模型,利用2021年的指标数据,对2022年的投资国别风险进行预测。研究结果表明:(1)在“一带一路”投资国别风险的研究背景下,支持向量回归模型预测效果最优,证明机器学习模型能够有效应用于风险管理领域;(2)“一带一路”投资国别风险存在明显的地区差异,中东欧地区和东南亚地区投资国别风险普遍较低,而南亚地区投资国别风险普遍较高,但都存在特例。本文研究结果可为“走出去”企业在“一带一路”沿线国家的投资决策提供参考。

中国农产品出口贸易隐含碳排放测算及异质性分析——来自“一带一路”沿线国家(地区)的证据

采用环境拓展投入产出法测算了2007—2021年中国对“一带一路”沿线国家(地区)农产品出口贸易的隐含碳排放,进而运用LMDI模型探究贸易规模因素、出口结构因素和农业技术因素对隐含碳排放变动的贡献值与贡献率,从农产品部门和贸易区域两个层面对隐含碳排放变动的驱动因素进行异质性分析。研究发现:第一,2007—2021年中国对“一带一路”沿线国家(地区)的出口贸易隐含碳排放整体呈上升趋势,农产品出口贸易隐含碳排放年均增长率超过农产品出口贸易额年均增长率2.75%,隐含碳排放效率下降。第二,农产品出口贸易隐含碳排放存在明显的部门差异,因不合理的出口结构,农业、食品制造业和食品加工业等中高度碳排放密集型部门对隐含碳排放总量变动的贡献值占比较大,而林业、畜牧业等低度碳排放密集型部门的这一占比较小。第三,农产品出口贸易隐含碳排放存在明显的区域差异,对东南亚国家(地区)出口农产品产生的隐含碳排放占总碳排放的60%以上,贸易规模因素和农业技术因素是造成区域差异的主导因素。上述发现揭示了中国农产品出口贸易隐含碳排放变动的原因,为优化农产品出口结构、调整农产品出口贸易策略及碳排放双控制度的实施提供了新的思路与经验证据。

“一带一路”共建国家银行业系统性风险的测度研究

有效识别“一带一路”共建国家的系统性风险及其关键驱动因素对平稳实现各国经济金融的深度融合具有重大的现实意义。基于150多万条银行微观股票数据和财务数据,通过构建压力时期回归模型的客观方法获得系统性风险三因素权重,在同一框架下利用规模、杠杆、关联性3个因子测算了银行、国家、“一带一路”共建国家系统3个层次的银行业系统性风险指数。研究结果表明,从系统性风险表现来看,“一带一路”共建国家整体的银行业系统性风险受全球宏观金融环境波动影响显著。此外,“一带一路”共建国家也会因为自身问题而出现银行业系统性风险上升的情形。印度、越南、印度尼西亚等国家是系统重要性国家,其银行业系统性风险水平较高;匈牙利、克罗地亚、罗马尼亚等国家的银行业系统性风险水平较低。银行业系统性风险较高的国家主要在于其有较高系统性风险贡献水平的银行,且各行业经济发展状况以及经济增长对国家层面系统性风险有显著的影响。从风险驱动因素看,关联性因子是驱动银行业系统性风险水平变化的主要因素,其次为规模因子和杠杆因子。

中国—东盟教育共同体视域下的国际中文教育及其未来发展进路

中国—东盟教育共同体的建立为“一带一路”倡议背景下国际中文教育的高质量发展提供了重要契机。现阶段应聚焦国际中文教育在国家战略、区域发展、事业发展以及个人能力发展等方面的时代要求,总结国际中文教育发展事业中的政策制定及其阶段性特征,在宏观层面构建一个强有力的政策治理体系,为中观层面的政策实施提供机制保障。同时,从微观层面着眼于教育合作的多方参与者,关注参与人员的规模、交流活动的成效以及教育发展的态势等。未来,还应从完善语言治理体系、构建项目合作集群、探索师资队伍建设、着力立体化人才培养、加强数智战略对接等方面推进高质量共建“一带一路”教育合作共同体背景下国际中文教育事业的创新发展。

“一带一路”倡议下中国-中亚国家高等教育合作:进展、问题及对策

加强中国-中亚国家高等教育合作是打造中国-中亚命运共同体的重要支柱。“一带一路”倡议提出十年以来,中国-中亚国家高等教育合作稳步发展,在语言与文化交流、留学生结构优化、校际联合培养、多样化交流平台搭建等方面成果显著。同时,受制于复杂的历史、人文环境和区域内外不和谐因素的干扰,深化高等教育合作在机制保障、师生交流、合作办学、人才培养等方面存在诸多问题。未来立足高质量共建“一带一路”,中国与中亚国家应具有高阶思维,统筹多元主体,完善高等教育合作机制保障;发挥各自比较优势,保障留学生双向互动;探索合作办学新模式,推动合作项目走深走实;服务市场发展需要,加大高层次复合型人才培养力度,助力中国-中亚国家高等教育合作实现共赢。

“一带一路”沿线国家贸易便利化与中国对外直接投资研究

文章基于2003—2019年中国企业对“一带一路”沿线65个国家或地区直接投资数据,借助引力模型,实证检验“一带一路”沿线国家贸易便利化对中国对外直接投资的影响。结果显示,“一带一路”沿线国家贸易便利化可发挥正向投资效应,显著推动中国对外直接投资。采用加入第三国效应的三国模型检验发现,第三国资本禀赋、政治经济稳定性等因素会使企业直接投资产生转移效应,致使中国直接投资“一带一路”沿线国家或地区产生挤出效应。分时间段检验发现,2009-2019年间,第三国效应对中国直接投资“一带一路”沿线国家或地区的影响更为显著。

中国对外承包工程对共建“一带一路”国家产业结构升级的影响研究

对外承包工程是中国同共建“一带一路”国家开展产能合作的重要形式。文章采用2011-2021年37个共建“一带一路”国家产业结构升级与中国对外承包工程的面板数据,实证检验中国对外承包工程对共建国家产业结构升级的影响及作用机制。研究发现:中国对外承包工程能够显著促进共建“一带一路”国家产业结构升级,但促进作用具有异质性,作用效果因国家收入水平、是否与中国签订自由贸易协定等而存在显著差异。中国对外承包工程对共建“一带一路”国家产业结构升级的促进作用存在单门槛效应,当跨过门槛值后,促进作用将会减弱。中国对外承包工程能够通过促进共建“一带一路”国家经济增长、扩大进出口贸易、吸引外商直接投资等路径,促进共建国家产业结构升级。

中医药文化在“一带一路”新兴国家传播的实证分析(2013—2023)——基于甘姆森诠释包裹理论

“一带一路”倡议提出十年来(2013-2023),作为促进民心相通的重要纽带和载体,中医药文化在共建“一带一路”国家广泛传播。以俄罗斯、印度、南非三个既是金砖国家、又是在“一带一路”沿线的全球南方新兴国家为案例,以甘姆森诠释包裹为理论框架、以这三个国家十年间中医药文化报道为样本进行基于内容分析的实证研究。研究发现,印度对社会背景和政府归因更聚焦、俄罗斯对中医药评估和后果与影响较为关注、南非重点强调生态背景和中医药归因;三国媒体中医药文化报道装置主要采用描述装置和论据装置,隐喻和短语较少;历时看,屠呦呦获诺奖(2015年)引发印度对本国医学发展的省思,激发俄罗斯对中华传统医学更大兴趣,新冠肺炎疫情防控期间关于中医药文化的讨论更为广泛多元,舆论出现两极分化;三国媒体中医药文化报道的框架装置和推理装置间存在相关性。

“一带一路”下中国与非洲国家合作的成功经验、实质内容及建构方略--以尼日利亚为例

中国和非洲国家同是有着深厚历史和文化积淀的发展中国家,也都是进入了各自国家发展的重要阶段,“一带一路”倡议给中非合作提供了新平台、带来新契机。尼日利亚是非洲第一大经济体和人口最多的国家,在非洲区域和国际事务中发挥着引领作用,中国和尼日利亚在“一带一路”框架下合作的成功经验、实质内容和建构方略对中非合作具有重要借鉴意义。当前,尼日利亚发展前景既迎来良好机遇,又面临一些重大挑战,只要能总结经验、吸取教训,那么总体上来说机遇大于挑战。因此,中国应利用“一带一路”国际合作平台,以产业链高端化、价值链现代化为主攻方向,积极对接中尼各自发展战略和重点合作领域,探索对现有合作存量的潜力挖掘和二次开发,不断充实两国战略合作伙伴关系内涵,努力为尼日利亚破解发展中面临诸多困难贡献智慧和力量,并将在此过程中积累的经验推广扩散到更多非洲国家,将实现中国与非洲各国发展战略和政策规划继续深入对接作为最高理想和最终目标。

“‘一带一路'共建与中国及英联邦国家关系”学术研讨会综述

2023年12月2日,英国及英联邦国家研究中心成立仪式暨“‘一带一路’共建与中国及英联邦国家关系”学术研讨会在浙江越秀外国语学院举行。英联邦国家作为世界上重要的经济体和政治力量,与中国在政治、经济、文化等多个领域的合作不断加深。作为中国的重要外贸大省,浙江与英联邦国家的联系更为紧密。值此“一带一路”倡议10周年之际,为发挥研究中心服务国家战略和地方发展的智库咨询作用,在本次会议中,来自国内的专家学者围绕四大议题一“‘一带一路’倡议下中国对外关系中的地域战略互动”“‘一带一路’倡议下中国与英联邦国家的双边经贸互动及其对全球经济的影响”“‘一带一路’倡议下能源科技对中国与英联邦国家外交关系的影响”“英联邦国家历史轨迹对‘一带一路’倡议下中国与英联邦国家外交互动的影响”,展开了热烈务实的讨论,取得了丰硕的成果。

基于语料库的天府文化在“一带一路”沿线国家的传播与接受研究

以权威数据库为主要语料来源自建语料库,以主题词分析和索引行分析等方法进行批评话语分析,开展了天府文化在“一带一路”沿线国家的传播与接受情况研究。研究表明,天府文化作为一个整体概念在相关国家的报道仍较为稀少,但其相关传统文化元素已得到不同程度的广泛报道和传播,且呈现正面、积极和中性为主的总体情感倾向。要让天府文化真正享誉全球,还需要对天府文化进行更多有针对性的国际传播。

世贸组织《渔业补贴协定》对发展中国家的影响

2022年6月17日,世界贸易组织第12届部长级会议就《渔业补贴协定》达成共识,该协定创造诸多“第一”。我国于2023年6月27日递交议定书的接受书。渔业补贴在发展中国家十分普遍,《渔业补贴协定》禁止向三类捕捞活动提供补贴,协定的生效将对发展中国家的海洋渔业发展产生较大影响。通过对协定相关条款的仔细分析,对比发展中国家渔业发展现状,发现由于过渡期以及渔业筹资机制的存在,短期内协定对发展中国家影响不大,长期而言如果发达国家能肩负起应有的责任,发展中国家积极利用好过渡期,协定的签署将促进发展中国家海洋捕捞业的升级,为全球渔业资源保护起到积极作用。我国在协定所禁止的三大领域执行总体情况较好,因此,协定的生效,并不会对我国海洋捕捞业产生较大不利影响,但是细小的摩擦在所难免。建议加强国际履约和谈判团队建设,加强对远洋渔业企业海外机构的监管,将渔业补贴改革与渔业高质量发展相结合,让渔业筹资机制与“一带一路”倡议形成良性互动,抓住历史机遇实现我国渔业“走出去”。

中国对“一带一路”沿线国家玉米产品出口的影响因素及潜力分析

选取43个“一带一路”沿线国家,利用贸易竞争力指数对2015—2021年中国玉米产品的国际竞争力进行衡量,通过扩展的贸易引力模型分析玉米产品出口的影响因素,并对出口潜力进行测量。结果表明,中国玉米产品的国际竞争力总体较弱,处于劣势地位。双方高的经济总量、较高的贸易自由度、加入共同的经济组织等因素显著促进了玉米产品的出口,而地理距离及过多的人口数量会阻碍玉米产品的出口。在43个样本国家中,3个国家是潜力巨大型国家,38个国家是潜力开拓型国家,2个国家是潜力再造型国家。中国应该继续强化积极的贸易因素,弱化消极的因素,培养新的玉米延伸产品,充分释放出口潜能。