The simulation of large-strain geotechnical laboratory tests with conventional Lagrangian finite element method(FEM)techniques is often problematic due to excessive mesh distortion.The multiple reversal direct shear(M...The simulation of large-strain geotechnical laboratory tests with conventional Lagrangian finite element method(FEM)techniques is often problematic due to excessive mesh distortion.The multiple reversal direct shear(MRDS)test can be used to measure the residual shear strength of soils in a laboratory setting.However,modelling and simulation generally require advanced numerical methods to accommodate the large shear strains concentrated in the shear plane.In reality,when the standard direct shear(DS)apparatus is used,the MRDS method is prone to two major sources of measurement error:load cap tilting and specimen loss.These sources of error make it difficult or even impossible to correctly determine the residual shear strength.This paper presents a modified DS apparatus and multi-reversal multi-stage test method,simulated using the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian(CEL)method in a finite element environment.The method was successful in evaluating equipment and preventing both load cap tilting and specimen loss,while modelling large-deformation behaviour that is not readily simulated with the conventional FEM or arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian(ALE)analysis.Thereafter,a modified DS apparatus was created for the purpose of analysing mixtures of organic materials found in an Australian clay.The results obtained from the modified DS CEL model in combination with laboratory tests show a great improvement in the measured residual shear strength profiles compared to those from the standard apparatus.The modified DS setup ensures that accurate material residual shear strengths are calculated,a factor that is vital to ensure appropriate soil behaviour is simulated for numerical analyses of large-scale geotechnical projects.展开更多
近场水下爆炸会产生复杂的载荷模式,而复杂的边界条件使结构在近场水下爆炸作用下的毁伤形态更加难以预测。因此,采用耦合的欧拉-拉格朗日算法探究了水下爆炸气泡在多边界耦合作用下(自由面、弹塑性板、泥沙边界)的演化过程及其对固支...近场水下爆炸会产生复杂的载荷模式,而复杂的边界条件使结构在近场水下爆炸作用下的毁伤形态更加难以预测。因此,采用耦合的欧拉-拉格朗日算法探究了水下爆炸气泡在多边界耦合作用下(自由面、弹塑性板、泥沙边界)的演化过程及其对固支方板的毁伤效应。首先,开展了2.5 g TNT在不同尺寸(板边长为0.46、0.92和1.61倍最大气泡直径)固支方板底部10 cm起爆的水下爆炸试验,验证了有限元方法的准确性。然后,结合试验和有限元结果分析了不同边界条件下板的毁伤机理。最后,通过系列数值模拟发现:随着板尺寸和爆距的增大,气泡会出现溃散、下射流和上射流3种不同的演化方式;随着板尺寸的增大,爆距对板中心最终变形的影响减小;泥沙边界能减缓气泡收缩,使气泡从中部塌陷形成方向相反的对射流,降低固支方板的位移和应变,对于气泡提前溃散的工况,泥沙边界基本无影响。展开更多
An increasing number of engineering accidents have shown that the failure of a tunnel can propagate to a neighbouring tunnel.However,due to the complex interaction between the failed tunnel structure and the soil medi...An increasing number of engineering accidents have shown that the failure of a tunnel can propagate to a neighbouring tunnel.However,due to the complex interaction between the failed tunnel structure and the soil medium,the mechanism by which the failure is propagated between two closely spaced tunnels remains unclear.In this study,the coupled EulerianLagrangian(CEL)modelling technique was adopted to investigate the influence of a failed tunnel(FT)on an adjacent tunnel,which was termed an“influenced tunnel”(IT).The safety of the IT was analysed in detail under different circumstances,such as different failure positions of the FT,different failure degrees of the FT,and different spatial relationships between the two tunnels.The simulation results indicated that the most adverse case may occur when the two tunnels are arranged as offsets and the IT is the upper tunnel.Under this circumstance,significant shear deformation may occur in IT because IT is located at the shear band of the FT.展开更多
文摘The simulation of large-strain geotechnical laboratory tests with conventional Lagrangian finite element method(FEM)techniques is often problematic due to excessive mesh distortion.The multiple reversal direct shear(MRDS)test can be used to measure the residual shear strength of soils in a laboratory setting.However,modelling and simulation generally require advanced numerical methods to accommodate the large shear strains concentrated in the shear plane.In reality,when the standard direct shear(DS)apparatus is used,the MRDS method is prone to two major sources of measurement error:load cap tilting and specimen loss.These sources of error make it difficult or even impossible to correctly determine the residual shear strength.This paper presents a modified DS apparatus and multi-reversal multi-stage test method,simulated using the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian(CEL)method in a finite element environment.The method was successful in evaluating equipment and preventing both load cap tilting and specimen loss,while modelling large-deformation behaviour that is not readily simulated with the conventional FEM or arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian(ALE)analysis.Thereafter,a modified DS apparatus was created for the purpose of analysing mixtures of organic materials found in an Australian clay.The results obtained from the modified DS CEL model in combination with laboratory tests show a great improvement in the measured residual shear strength profiles compared to those from the standard apparatus.The modified DS setup ensures that accurate material residual shear strengths are calculated,a factor that is vital to ensure appropriate soil behaviour is simulated for numerical analyses of large-scale geotechnical projects.
文摘近场水下爆炸会产生复杂的载荷模式,而复杂的边界条件使结构在近场水下爆炸作用下的毁伤形态更加难以预测。因此,采用耦合的欧拉-拉格朗日算法探究了水下爆炸气泡在多边界耦合作用下(自由面、弹塑性板、泥沙边界)的演化过程及其对固支方板的毁伤效应。首先,开展了2.5 g TNT在不同尺寸(板边长为0.46、0.92和1.61倍最大气泡直径)固支方板底部10 cm起爆的水下爆炸试验,验证了有限元方法的准确性。然后,结合试验和有限元结果分析了不同边界条件下板的毁伤机理。最后,通过系列数值模拟发现:随着板尺寸和爆距的增大,气泡会出现溃散、下射流和上射流3种不同的演化方式;随着板尺寸的增大,爆距对板中心最终变形的影响减小;泥沙边界能减缓气泡收缩,使气泡从中部塌陷形成方向相反的对射流,降低固支方板的位移和应变,对于气泡提前溃散的工况,泥沙边界基本无影响。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41630641 and 51808387)。
文摘An increasing number of engineering accidents have shown that the failure of a tunnel can propagate to a neighbouring tunnel.However,due to the complex interaction between the failed tunnel structure and the soil medium,the mechanism by which the failure is propagated between two closely spaced tunnels remains unclear.In this study,the coupled EulerianLagrangian(CEL)modelling technique was adopted to investigate the influence of a failed tunnel(FT)on an adjacent tunnel,which was termed an“influenced tunnel”(IT).The safety of the IT was analysed in detail under different circumstances,such as different failure positions of the FT,different failure degrees of the FT,and different spatial relationships between the two tunnels.The simulation results indicated that the most adverse case may occur when the two tunnels are arranged as offsets and the IT is the upper tunnel.Under this circumstance,significant shear deformation may occur in IT because IT is located at the shear band of the FT.
