Three Dimensional Coupling between Elastic and Thermal Fields in the Static Analysis of Multilayered Composite Shells

This new work aims to develop a full coupled thermomechanical method including both the temperature profile and displacements as primary unknowns of the model.This generic full coupled 3D exact shell model permits the thermal stress investigation of laminated isotropic,composite and sandwich structures.Cylindrical and spherical panels,cylinders and plates are analyzed in orthogonal mixed curved reference coordinates.The 3D equilibrium relations and the 3D Fourier heat conduction equation for spherical shells are coupled and they trivially can be simplified in those for plates and cylindrical panels.The exponential matrix methodology is used to find the solutions of a full coupled model based on coupled differential relations with respect to the thickness coordinate.The analytical solution is based on theories of simply supported edges and harmonic relations for displacement components and sovra-temperature.The sovra-temperature magnitudes are directly applied at the outer faces through static state hypotheses.As a consequence,the sovra-temperature description is assumed to be an unknown variable of themodel and it is calculated in the sameway as the three displacements.The final systemis based on a set of coupled homogeneous differential relations of second order in the thickness coordinate.This system is reduced in a first order differential relation system by redoubling the number of unknowns.Therefore,the exponential matrix methodology is applied to calculate the solution.The temperature field effects are evaluated in the static investigation of shells and plates in terms of displacement and stress components.After an appropriate preliminary validation,new benchmarks are discussed for several thickness ratios,geometrical data,lamination sequences,materials and sovra-temperature values imposed at the outer faces.Results make evident the accordance between the uncoupled thermo-mechanical model and this new full coupled thermo-mechanical model without the need to separately solve the Fourier heat conduction relation.Both effects connected with the thickness layer and the related embedded materials are included in the conducted thermal stress analysis.

THERMOELASTICALLY COUPLED AXISYMMETRIC NONLINEAR VIBRATION OF SHALLOW SPHERICAL AND CONICAL SHELLS

The problem of axisymmetric nonlinear vibration for shallow thin spherical and conical shells when temperature and strain fields are coupled is studied. Based on the large deflection theories of von Krmn and the theory of thermoelasticity, the whole governing equations and their simplified type are derived. The time-spatial variables are separated by Galerkin's technique, thus reducing the governing equations to a system of time-dependent nonlinear ordinary differential equation. By means of regular perturbation method and multiple-scales method, the first-order approximate analytical solution for characteristic relation of frequency vs amplitude parameters along with the decay rate of amplitude are obtained, and the effects of different geometric parameters and coupling factors as well as boundary conditions on thermoelastically coupled nonlinear vibration behaviors are discussed.

ANALYSES ON NONLINEAR COUPLING OF MAGNETO-THERMO-ELASTICITY OF FERROMAGNETIC THIN SHELL—II:FINITE ELEMENT MODELING AND APPLICATION

Based on the generalized vaxiational principle of magneto-thermo-elasticity of a ferromagnetic thin shell established （see, Analyses on nonlinear coupling of magneto-thermo- elasticity of ferromagnetic thin shell--I）, the present paper developed a finite element modeling for the mechanical-magneto-thermal multi-field coupling of a ferromagnetic thin shell. The numerical modeling composes of finite element equations for three sub-systems of magnetic, thermal and deformation fields, as well as iterative methods for nonlinearities of the geometrical large-deflection and the multi-field coupling of the ferromagnetic shell. As examples, the numerical simulations on magneto-elastic behaviors of a ferromagnetic cylindrical shell in an applied magnetic field, and magneto-thermo-elastic behaviors of the shell in applied magnetic and thermal fields are carried out. The results are in good agreement with the experimental ones.

ANALYSIS OF THERMAL-ELASTIC COUPLING VIBRATION OF LARGE DEFLECTION CYLINDRICAL SHELL

The governing equation and energy equations for thermal-elastic coupling vibration of cylindrical shell were developed. The Garlerkin method was used in numerical process. Some useful result can be concluded from numerical result. With the increase of the amplitude of temperature and coupling coefficient, the speed of vibration decaying becomes slower and the coupling effect becomes weaker. The larger the ration of length to radius and length to thickness, the faster the decaying of the vibration amplitude and the vibration frequency increase. It means the coupling effect gets stronger. The larger the coupling coefficient, the smaller the axial stress, the axial force and the bendind moment are.

ANALYSES ON NONLINEAR COUPLING OF MAGNETO-THERMO-ELASTICITY OF FERROMAGNETIC THIN SHELL—I:GENERALIZED VARIATIONAL THEORETICAL MODELING

Based on the generalized variational principle of magneto-thermo-elasticity of the ferromagnetic elastic medium, a nonlinear coupling theoretical modeling for a ferromagnetic thin shell is developed. All governing equations and boundary conditions for the ferromagnetic shell are obtained from the variational manipulations on the magnetic scalar potential, temperature and the elastic displacement related to the total energy functional. The multi-field couplings and geometrical nonlinearity of the ferromagnetic thin shell are taken into account in the modeling. The general modeling can be further deduced to existing models of the magneto-elasticity and the thermo-elasticity of a ferromagnetic shell and magneto-thermo-elasticity of a ferromagnetic plate, which are coincident with the ones in literature.

The Coupling Effect of Spatial Reticulated Shell Structure with Cables

The spatial reticulated shell structure with cables (RSC) is a kind of coupling working system, which consists of flexible cables, reticulated shell structure (RS) and tower columns. The dynamic analysis of RSC based on the coupling model was carried out. Three kinds of elements such as the spatial bar element, cable element and beam element were introduced to analyze the reticulated shell, cable and tower column respectively. Furthermore, such parameter influences as structural boundary conditions, grid configuration, the span-to-depth ratio and the arrangement of cable system upon structural dynamics were analyzed. The structural vibration modes can be divided into four groups based on some numerical examples. And the frequencies in the same group are very close while the frequencies in different groups are different from each other obviously. It is clear that the sequence of the appearance of the each mode group heavily depends on the comparative stiffness of the tower column system, RS and cables.

Modified couple stress and thickness-stretching included formulation of a sandwich micro shell subjected to electro-magnetic load resting on elastic foundation

This paper studies electromagnetoelastic static investigation of a sandwich doubly curved microshell subjected to multi-field loading based on a new thickness stretching included refined higher order shear/normal deformable model.Modified-couple-stress-theory(MCST)is used for accounting small-scaledependency.The numerical results are derived using an analytical method.The effect of small scale parameter in micro scale,initial electric and magnetic potentials and foundation parameters is studied on the electromagnetoelastic bending results.It is confirmed an enhancing in stiffness of small scale shell with an increase in micro length scale parameter.

Research on vibration and near-field sound radiation of ring-ribbed cylindrical shell coated deadening and decoupling materials

The research on structural vibration and sound radiation of underwater ring-ribbed cylindrical shell, which is coated with a kind of deadening and decoupling materials, becomes a focus in recent years. This paper analyzes the problem on two aspects: model experiment and numerical calculation. The model experiment is carried out including three cases firstly, in which the structural vibration response and radiating acoustic field are measured respectively, and the results gained in these three cases are analyzed to discuss the effect of reducing structural vibration and radiating noise of the deadening and decoupling materials. The coupling FEM/BEM and the SEA methods are both used in numerical calculation, i.e. the arithmetic of the coupling FEM/BEM method is adopted to calculate the low frequency characteristics and the SEA method is adopted to calculate the medium-high frequencies characteristics of the model. By comparing experimental results with numerical calculation results, it is proved that the algorithm adopted in this paper is reasonable.

复合材料双层球壳与环板耦合结构振动特性研究

以一阶剪切变形理论为基础,采用谱几何法对不同边界条件下复合材料双层球壳与环板耦合结构振动特性分析模型进行构建,其中采用人工虚拟弹簧技术模拟耦合结构的边界条件。根据耦合处的连接关系,通过布置耦合弹簧模拟器对子结构之间的耦合关系进行模拟。应用哈密顿原理对复合材料双层球壳与环板耦合结构的特征方程进行推导,对耦合结构的固有特性和稳态响应进行求解。将所得结果与有限元结果进行对比,验证了计算的正确性。分析了几何参数、材料参数对复合材料双层球壳与环板耦合结构振动响应的影响。

深中通道钢壳-混凝土组合沉管浇筑变形研究

深中通道沉管管节采用钢壳-混凝土组合结构形式,通过向空钢壳浇筑混凝土预制而成。为评估沉管管节施工后的整体变形,建立了热-结构顺序耦合的分析框架,基于ANSYS APDL及UFPs二次开发模块,分别建立了考虑水化度、日照辐射、大气温度变化的精细温度场模型和考虑混凝土硬化及收缩特性的结构分析模型。通过对足尺管节的温度及应变模拟结果与监测数据的对比,验证了有限元模型的可靠性。在此基础上,分析了日照辐射、大气温度变化等对于管节温度场的影响,同时分析了管节的整体变形模式,以及温度效应、混凝土收缩及自重三种因素对管节整体横向、纵向及竖向变形的影响。结果表明:管节施工过程的温度场表现为时变和空间分布的特征,格仓边部温度受外界气温变化和日照辐射的影响存在周期性波动,而格仓中部温度峰值主要受混凝土自身水化放热特性的控制;管节最终表现为顶板横向及纵向内收,竖向下挠,底板横向及竖向变形不显著;太阳辐射对于结构温度场影响较日气温变化更显著,建议在混凝土温度峰值预测中予以考虑,而日气温变化可采用日平均气温值予以简化;温度效应及材料收缩对管节横向及纵向整体变形影响显著,自重因素导致的变形在横向及纵向的比例为44.3%、11.7%,而在竖向所占比例达92.5%,因而温度效应及材料收缩在管节横向及纵向变形分析中不可忽视;该分析方法可适用于大体积混凝土等结构的温度效应的预测和评估。

不同水下爆炸参数下双层加筋圆柱壳结构响应研究

本文采用声固耦合方法模拟水下中远场爆炸产生的冲击波载荷和气泡脉动对双层加筋圆柱壳的冲击响应。从不同工况水下爆炸载荷下的鞭状运动和关键部位冲击响应2个方面,研究了药量、爆距、水深、爆炸方位等参数对双层加筋圆柱壳结构响应的影响。研究表明,在中远场水下爆炸作用下,双层加筋圆柱壳在不同药量和爆距下鞭状运动的位移响应幅值和冲击环境谱加速度幅值变化较大,但其鞭状运动的位移响应曲线的周期变化不大。双层加筋圆柱壳在不同水深下,鞭状运动受到水下载荷周期性影响显著,但谱加速度幅值变化不大。双层加筋圆柱壳在不同爆炸方位下鞭状运动变化和冲击环境谱加速度分布受其影响显著。这项研究旨在为水下中远场爆炸作用下,水下航行体结构的抗冲击特性研究提供数据及理论支撑。

淹没水射流式贝肉清洗装置设计与试验

随着贝类预制菜产业的发展,基于贝肉的精加工预制食品逐渐在市场上推广,虽然市场上清洗装置品类较多,但是尚未有适合各类贝肉产品清洗的装备,存在清洗效率低、洗净率差和易破损等问题。本研究基于淹没水射流机理,设计了以淹没水射流为清洗动力的贝肉清洗装置,并对清洗装置进行Fluent-EDEM耦合数值模拟,确定清洗装置的关键结构参数范围。通过2个阶段试验论证了该清洗装置的合理性,第1阶段通过清洗正交试验得出,当射流口直径为10 mm,清洗量为14 kg,清洗时间为6 min,淹没水射流式清洗效果最佳;第2阶段进行了生产性对比试验,并以洗净率和破损率作为评价指标,对比3种清洗装置洗净率。结果显示:以扇贝裙边为清洗对象时,淹没水射流式清洗装置的平均洗净率为97.77%,且无破损现象,较螺旋桨式清洗装置洗净率提高了14.4%,较超声波式清洗装置洗净率提高了7.3%;以鸟蛤肉为清洗对象时,淹没水射流式清洗装置的平均洗净率为98.23%,较螺旋桨式清洗装置的洗净率提高了12.49%,较超声波式清洗装置洗净率提高了6.7%,且无破损情况。研究表明,淹没水射流式装置具有较好的清洗效果,具备产业化推广价值。

基于变尺度岩相组合的陆相页岩源-储耦合机理探讨——以四川盆地侏罗系页岩层段为例

中国陆相页岩层系沉积成因及岩相组合复杂多样,陆相页岩源、储特征及耦合机理研究薄弱。以四川盆地侏罗系页岩层段为研究对象,以岩石学、沉积学及非常规储层地质学等理论为指导,综合运用岩矿、有机球化学及页岩储层表征等多种实验测试技术,开展了基于变尺度岩相组合的陆相页岩源-储耦合机理研究。提出了宏观与微观结合定岩相、变尺度分析定岩相组合的研究思路与方法,识别出陆源泥-砂沉积型、内源泥-灰沉积型和混源泥-砂-灰沉积型3种沉积成因岩相组合类型。研究发现:①页岩夹介壳灰岩或粉砂岩大尺度组合页岩段中可发育较多纹层-薄层状方解石介壳层或粉砂层,同一组合中不同尺度夹层类型具有较好的一致性;②大尺度岩相组合中米级介壳灰岩或粉砂岩层储集物性较差,对油气储集贡献有限,而小尺度岩相组合中毫米级纹层与厘米级薄层状方解石介壳粒内孔较发育,且内部有暗色有机质充填,可为油气提供有效储集空间。建立了3种沉积成因岩相组合的源-储耦合发育模式,提出由陆源型—混源型—内源型沉积岩相组合,源(总有机碳含量TOC)-储(孔隙度)参数相关性依次变好,其相关性主要与热演化程度、有机显微组分及无机矿物差异密切相关。探讨了不同类型、不同尺度岩相组合形成的影响因素,分析了从变尺度岩相组合角度认识陆相页岩油气源、储特征及耦合机理的必要性,旨在探索陆相页岩油气富集机理研究的新思路。

水压载荷作用下正交各向异性圆柱壳自由振动分析

复合材料圆柱壳质量轻、力学性能好,在水下无人潜航器(unmanned underwater vehicle, UUV)的耐压壳方面具有广阔的应用前景,掌握其在水压载荷作用下的声振特性对UUV的声隐身设计至关重要。本文基于Flügge圆柱壳理论,采用波传播法,开展了在水压载荷作用下的正交各向异性圆柱壳自由振动研究。运用牛顿迭代法求解水下正交各向异性圆柱壳的特征频率,并通过与COMSOL有限元仿真对比,验证了理论模型的正确性。结果表明,浸没圆柱壳受流固耦合与水压载荷共同作用,特征频率减小,模态振型发生改变。本文还对圆柱壳进行参数化分析,系统研究了薄壁圆柱壳的长径比、厚径比以及材料参数对圆柱壳特征频率的影响规律。本文的研究结果为UUV耐压壳水下声振特性分析提供了理论依据和数据参考,对UUV声隐身设计具有重要意义。

硅烷偶联剂改性核壳丙烯酸酯乳液的合成

为了解决传统丙烯酸乳液“热黏冷脆”的问题,以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、苯乙烯(St)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为主单体,硅烷偶联剂为改性单体,制备了软核硬壳粒子的核壳结构丙烯酸酯乳液。设计结构,探究交联单体对乳液性能的影响。采用FTIR、TG、DSC对其进行了表征,测试了乳液的粒径。结果表明,当w(St)=15.0%(以核层和壳层所有单体的质量为基准,下同),核层与壳层的理论玻璃化转变温度(T_(g))分别为–10.0和30.0℃,核层交联单体乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷(A-151)和壳层交联单体γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(A-174)的质量分数分别为3.0%和2.0%时,乳液的稳定性和成膜性较好。与未加交联单体的均相粒子结构相比,核壳结构聚合物的最大热黏温度提高90℃,吸水率降低10.77%,缓解了水墨涂层的高温回黏问题,提高了涂膜的耐水性和耐热性。

水下圆柱壳声辐射激发水表面声波研究

研究水下声源声辐射激发的水表面声波,对在空气中进行跨介质水下声源探测具有重要意义。为研究水下声源声辐射激发的水表面声波特性,基于水下声传播理论推导水下稳态点源球面声波激励水表面声波的理论解,依据有限元方法,以脉动球点源为例进行数值分析验证,设计相应实验验证水平衰减规律及声源深度影响。基于声-结构耦合有限元方法研究声源深度等声源参数及环境参数对水下圆柱壳声辐射激发水表面声波的影响。研究结果表明:所提激励下的圆柱壳声源在半自由场环境中激发的海水表面波振幅在某些振型对应固有频率下的振幅远大于其他频率;海底和粗糙海面对水表面波振幅有影响;在所提载荷激励下,有限水深中水下圆柱壳声辐射激励的水表面波振幅在3倍圆柱壳半径以内及20倍半径之外潜深范围内与潜深呈正比,其他范围随潜深呈反比。

薄壁壳体构件力振耦合试验装置设计及应用

为满足某装备薄壁壳体构件在不断重复高/低载荷条件下可靠性试验需求,采用螺杆挤压随形工件的内平衡加载方式设计力加载装置,在振动环境下进行可行性验证,表明该装置满足薄壁壳体构件在(1~350)Hz频率范围内的力振耦合加载需求。

基于协同优化的耐压柱壳多学科多目标优化

为提高耐压柱壳的设计效率和结构性能,本文基于多学科设计优化思想,进行了耐压柱壳多学科设计优化的学科分解,确定了耐压柱壳多学科优化设计的设计参数,明确了设计变量间的耦合关系,设计了耐压柱壳参数化分析流程,进行了设计变量灵敏度分析。在利用响应面模型建立了具有较高拟合精度耐压柱壳近似模型的基础上,以质量排水量比和极限载荷为目标函数,建立了基于协同优化方法的耐压柱壳多学科多目标优化模型,在确定了系统层和学科层的优化求解方法基础上,设计了基于协同优化的耐压柱壳多学科多目标优化框架,进行了优化的求解工作,得到了优化方案。与初始方案的对比表明:所得到的Pareto解集中,部分方案在2个目标函数上均得到了优化,验证了优化框架的有效性。

基于Shell-Solid单元混合建模技术的焊接数值模拟方法

针对焊接数值模拟的体单元模型计算效率低和壳单元模型计算精度低的问题,本文提出了一种焊接过程数值模拟的Shell-Solid单元混合建模方法。以平板对接焊为例,分别采用Shell单元、Solid单元和Shell-Solid单元混合建模,开展了焊接温度场和结构热力耦合响应的数值模拟,对比分析了温度场、应力场及计算效率。结果表明:混合模型既保证了焊接温度场和结构响应的计算精度,又保证了计算效率,是一种值得深入研究的焊接模拟建模方法。

微球壳在三维剪切流中的变形特性

利用双向流固耦合的模拟方法,对三维剪切流中不同几何参数的空心球壳和载液球壳的变形特性进行分析。研究发现,球壳在变形的同时伴随着旋转,且球壳上存在着交变应力,交变频率取决于球壳旋转速度。空心球壳相较于载液球壳变形更显著,旋转速度更快。