ANALYSIS OF THE THERMOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF MOIST WOOD PARTICLE MATERIAL IN A COUPLED HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER PROCESS OF FREEZING BY USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

The coupled heat and moisture transfer in a freezing process of wood particle material was mathematically modeled in the paper. The models were interactively solved by using the numerical method(the finite element method and the finite difference method). By matching the theoretical calculation to an experiment, the nonlinear problem was analyzed and the variable thermophysical parameters concerned was evaluated. The analysis procedure and the evaluation of the parameters were presented in detail. The result of the study showed that by using the method as described in the paper, it was possible to determine the variable (with respect to temperature, moisture content and freezing state) thermophysical parameters which were unknown or difficult to measure as long as the governing equations for a considered process were available. The method can significantly reduces the experiment efforts for determining thermophysical parameters which arc very complicated to measure. The determined variable of the effective heat conductivity of wood particle material was given in the paper. The error of the numerical calculation was also estimated by the comparison with a matched experiment.

Non-equilibrium thermodynamic analysis of coupled heat and moisture transfer across a membrane

Non-equilibrium thermodynamics theory is used to analyze the transmembrane heat and moisture transfer process,which can be observed in a membrane-type total heat exchanger(THX).A theoretical model is developed to simulate the coupled heat and mass transfer across a membrane,total coupling equations and the expressions for the four characteristic parameters including the heat transfer coefficient,molardriven heat transfer coefficient,thermal-driven mass transfer coefficient,and mass transfer coefficient are derived and provided,with the Onsager’s reciprocal relation being confirmed to verify the rationality of the model.Calculations are conducted to investigate the effects of the membrane property and air state on the coupling transport process.The results show that the four characteristic parameters directly affect the transmembrane heat and mass fluxes:the heat and mass transfer coefficients are both positive,meaning that the temperature difference has a positive contribution to the heat transfer and the humidity ratio difference has a positive contribution to the mass transfer.The molar-driven heat transfer and thermal-driven mass transfer coefficients are both negative,implying that the humidity ratio difference acts to reduce the heat transfer and the temperature difference works to diminish the mass transfer.The mass transfer affects the heat transfer by 1%–2%while the heat transfer influences the mass transfer by7%–14%.The entropy generation caused by the temperature difference-induced heat transfer is much larger than that by the humidity difference-induced mass transfer.

螺旋金属燃料多物理耦合分析方法与概念设计研究

螺旋金属燃料具有导热系数高、导热路径短、强制旋流交混的特点,可实现更高的堆芯功率密度,进而减小堆芯体积,提高反应堆的安全性和经济性。本文介绍了上海交通大学反应堆热工水力实验室建立的螺旋金属燃料热工水力、中子物理、力学特性分析方法及多物理耦合分析框架。在热工水力方面,基于自研仪器实现了交混及沸腾临界行为精细化测量,建立了三维及精细化子通道分析方法;在中子物理方面,建立了适用于特殊能谱、复杂几何的截面及稳瞬态中子物理特性的分析方法;在力学方面,基于分子动力学方法建立了U-Zr合金燃料基础热物性模型,并开展了辐照条件下螺旋棒宏观力学特性研究。基于热工-物理-力学多物理分析和优化,提出了螺旋金属燃料组件及堆芯设计,具有无硼化、堆芯功率密度高、体积小、换料周期长的特点。

基于速率模型的胺法碳捕集系统吸收塔内传热传质耦合模型

为研究化学吸收法碳捕集系统吸收塔内CO_(2)化学吸收过程中,搭建了一套基于速率模型的传热传质耦合模型,用以分析塔内热质耦合过程和吸收塔吸收性能。与Aspen Plus工艺模拟软件比对后,验证了模型的准确性。基于模型对某电厂CCUS示范项目中,吸收塔气液比、填料高度对传热传质、吸收性能的影响进行研究。结果表明,增大气液比与填料高度可提高吸收性能,过大则会引起CO_(2)吸收速率降低,导致吸收性能提升不再明显。研究为吸收塔内复杂的热质耦合过程研究提供新方法,对实际工程应用中吸收塔工艺参数优化有指导意义。

Study of heat and mass transfer with Joule heating on magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)peristaltic blood flow under the influence of Hall effect

In this article,heat and mass transfer with Joule heating on magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)peristaltic blood under the influence of Hall effect is examined.Mathematical modelling is based on momentum,energy and concentration which are taken into account using ohms law.The governing partial differential equations are further simplified by neglecting the inertial forces and long wavelength approximations.Exact solutions have been presented for velocity,temperature and concentration profile.The influence of all the physical pertinent parameters is taken into account with the help graphs.It is found that Hartmann number and Hall parameter shows opposite behaviour on velocity,temperature and concentration profile.It is worth mentioning that pressure rise also depicts opposite behaviour for Hartmann number and Hall parameter.The present analysis is also presented for Newtonian fluid(α→0)as a special case for our study.It is observed that Hall Effect and magnetic field shows opposite behaviour on velocity and temperature profile.Temperature profile increases due to the increment in Prandtl number and Eckert number.Numerical comparison is also presented between the existing published results by takingα=0;M=0 as a special case of our study.

Modeling Hydrothermal Transfer Processes in Permafrost Regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China

Hydrothermal processes are key components in permafrost dynamics; these processes are integral to global warming. In this study the coupled heat and mass transfer model for(Coup Model) the soil-plant-atmosphere-system is applied in high-altitude permafrost regions and to model hydrothermal transfer processes in freeze-thaw cycles. Measured meteorological forcing and soil and vegetation properties are used in the Coup Model for the period from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2012 at the Tanggula observation site in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. A 24-h time step is used in the model simulation. The results show that the simulated soil temperature and water content, as well as the frozen depth compare well with the measured data. The coefficient of determination(R2) is 0.97 for the mean soil temperature and 0.73 for the mean soil water content, respectively. The simulated soil heat flux at a depth of 0–20 cm is also consistent with the monitored data. An analysis is performed on the simulated hydrothermal transfer processes from the deep soil layer to the upper one during the freezing and thawing period. At the beginning of the freezing period, the water in the deep soil layer moves upward to the freezing front and releases heat during the freezing process. When the soil layer is completely frozen, there are no vertical water exchanges between the soil layers, and the heat exchange process is controlled by the vertical soil temperature gradient. During the thawing period, the downward heat process becomes more active due to increased incoming shortwave radiation at the ground surface. The melt water is quickly dissolved in the soil, and the soil water movement only changes in the shallow soil layer. Subsequently, the model was used to provide an evaluation of the potential response of the active layer to different scenarios of initial water content and climate warming at the Tanggula site. The results reveal that the soil water content and the organic layer provide protection against active layer deepening in summer, so climate warming will cause the permafrost active layer to become deeper and permafrost degradation.

Analytical Solution of Coupled Laminar Heat-Mass Transfer in a Tube with Uniform Heat Flux

Analytical solution is obtained of coupled laminar heat-mass transfer in a tube with uniform heat flux.This corresponds to the case when a layer of sublimable material is coated on the inner surface of a tube with its outer surface heated by uniform heat flux and this coated material will sublime as gas flows throught the tube.

火龙果热泵干燥数值模拟及试验

目的:提高火龙果干制品的品质。方法:基于多孔介质理论和菲克定律,建立火龙果传热传质与固体力学多物理场耦合的数学模型,并研究火龙果在热泵干燥过程中的温度与含水率的变化规律。结果:考虑体积收缩的模型计算精度更高,达到干燥标准时,模拟值与试验值的最大相对误差为9.2%。火龙果片在干燥初期温度分布由表面向中心逐渐降低,后期达到平衡,而水分分布呈相反趋势。火龙果片在热泵干燥过程中的温度、湿度梯度力是导致其收缩变形的主要因素。不同干燥温度和切片厚度下火龙果片的干基含水率的计算值与试验值变化趋势一致,相对误差均<10%,证明了模型的准确性。结论:试验建立的多物理场耦合的数学模型能够准确模拟火龙果热泵干燥过程。

硫酸盐渍土热-质迁移试验与耦合模型

为研究西部寒旱区盐渍土传热传质行为,首先,在无压补给条件下进行非饱和硫酸盐渍土的单向冻结试验;其次,考虑结晶潜热、结晶阻抗及结晶消耗等因素,建立非饱和硫酸盐渍土水-热-盐三场耦合模型;最后,采用COMSOL Multi-physics对耦合模型进行数值模拟,将模拟结果与试验数据进行对比分析.研究结果表明:盐渍土内温度随冻结时长呈三阶段发展,逐步形成上冷下暖的温度梯度;在温度梯度和基质吸力双重驱动下,水、盐向冻结锋位置迁移,冻结锋位置水、盐含量出现峰值,峰值含水率、含盐量相较初始值分别增加2.16%和0.28%;冻结锋沿冻结温度线移动,形成冻结锋面;土柱最大冻结深度约为15.5 cm.

径向磁液轴承的转子散热规律研究

为了提升磁液轴承的稳定性以及使用寿命,建立磁液轴承的涡流损耗仿真模型,分析初始条件下磁液轴承的磁场、温度场及热变形的分布,利用Ansoft Maxwell软件仿真求解轴承转子产生的涡流损耗,基于多场耦合作用分析输入电流、转速、进油流量变化对导磁套涡流损耗及传热率的影响,探索转子散热规律的变化,并进行试验验证。试验结果表明:随着电流和转速的增加,进出油口温差逐渐增大,试验值与仿真值趋势一致,误差在可接受范围内,验证了仿真结果的可靠性。

受损围护结构HAM耦合传递模型研究

提出了一种针对含裂隙围护结构的HAM耦合传递模型的建模方法,认为空气传递是一个稳态过程,并忽略围护结构裂缝内空气传递的体积力项和空气中的水分相变产生的热量变化,通过立方定律、达西定律分析计算得出裂隙内部的空气渗透率,通过图像处理提取裂隙几何模型还原裂缝的真实形态。使用COMSOL Multiphysic自定义PDE模块进行计算,得出的模拟结果与其他案例以及实验结果进行对比,验证了模型的准确性,通过模型与试验对比验证发现,实验与模拟结果的温度最大误差为8.1%,最大差值为2.8℃;相对湿度的最大误差为4.6%,最大差值为3.1%。在压差极小的情况下,含裂缝的多孔介质各个区域的平均压力比无裂缝的多孔介质高0.5 Pa左右。

木材干燥过程的热质迁移及其耦合关系

应用不可逆过程热力学研究木材干燥过程热质迁移及其耦合效应。根据不可逆过程的熵的产生率推导出含有耦合效应的传热传质关系式 ,提出湿度梯度不仅引起水分物质流 ,也引起热流 ,以及驱动水分物质流的力应是扩散势梯度。

多孔介质快速干燥过程中热质耦合效应的研究

本文针对一维多孔介质的第一类边界条件，对高强度快速干燥条件下热质交换的普遍微分方程组进行求解。研究了高强度快速干燥过程中多孔介质内部传热传质之间的相互耦合现象以及初始边界条件的变化对热质传递的影响，为多孔介质内部温度场和湿度场的控制奠定理论基础。

非热平衡多孔介质内反应与传热传质耦合过程

采用局部热不平衡假设,对发生强吸热化学反应的多孔介质体系建立了反应与传热、传质耦合问题的数学模型,采用Ergun Forchheimer Brinkman方程描述多孔介质中的流体流动.运用交替方向隐式(ADI)方法对模型离散求解,并采用文献中的实验数据对模型进行验证.计算了不同条件下颗粒物料层内气体和固体骨架的温度场、产物气体浓度场以及固体转化率分布,以得到多孔介质体系内固有化学反应时的传热、传质规律.结果表明,不能忽略固体骨架与流体间的温度差.入口渗流速度、入口气体温度以及固体颗粒尺寸是影响系统反应特性的重要参数.研究结果对具有强吸热反应的固定床反应器的设计和运行具有一定的参考作用.

生物多孔介质热风干燥数学模型及数值模拟

为了研究生物多孔介质在热风干燥过程中的热质传递机理以及其内部应力应变分布规律,根据生物多孔介质中温度、水分及应力之间复杂的耦合关系,基于菲克扩散定律、傅立叶导热定律和热弹性力学理论,建立了对流干燥条件下,含湿多孔介质内部传热传质过程热-湿-力双向耦合的数学模型。采用有限差分法编制相应的计算程序,对其进行数值计算,数值结果与马铃薯和胡萝卜对流干燥试验结果之间的相对误差均小于5%;进一步分析了干燥特性曲线,以及温度、干基含水率和应力应变的时空分布;最后分析了风温、风速等干燥条件以及多孔介质厚度对干燥过程的影响,结果表明:在一定试验条件下,风温越高,风速越大,切片厚度越薄,干燥时间越短。研究为改善生物多孔介质热质传递现象物理机理的理解提供参考。

多孔物料干燥时的耦合传热传质效应

Based on Luikov’s set of differential equations, the coupled heat and mass transfer duringthe drying of a capillary porous sheet is investigated. The influences of heat transfer on themass flux distribution are illustrated by numerical examples. And the drying characteristicsof the different heating methods are presented.

建筑墙体热、湿及空气耦合传递

为了研究建筑墙体的热质耦合传递规律,该文考虑了太阳辐射的影响,建立了在第三类边界条件下建筑墙体非稳态热、湿及空气渗透耦合传递的物理及数学模型,开发了相应的数值模拟计算软件。给出了墙体热、湿及空气耦合传递时各部位模拟计算温度随时间的变化曲线及不同使用年限湿容量沿墙体厚度的分布规律,并将墙体的模拟计算结果与现场实测热流及温度进行了对比分析。

多孔建筑材料热湿传递过程的研究

从理论计算和实验研究等方面对国内外多孔建筑材料的传热、传湿及热湿耦合传递研究方面的进展进行了综合分析。指出了目前多孔建筑材料热湿传递过程研究中存在的问题 。

瓷质砖湿坯对流干燥过程的传热传质研究

引用建立于Whitaker的体积平均方程和Darcy定律基础上的多孔介质内部热质传递的等效耦合扩散模型 ,寻出一组关于液体饱和度、温度和气相压力的新支配方程 ,应用该方程组对瓷质砖坯体干燥过程进行了数值分析和实验测定。在平均含湿饱和度变化方面 ,数值解与实验结果十分吻合。还改变影响坯体干燥过程的一些因素进行计算机模拟计算 ,通过改变这些因素的大小来考察计算结果 ,以期获得某些定性或定量的结论 。

裂隙岩体传热的流热耦合分析

通过对裂隙岩体介质的热传导和渗透特性的分析,建立了耦合传热模型.采用导热微分方程描述裂隙岩体的温度场分布,并用加权余量的Galerkin法对岩体热传导方程进行离散,结合边界条件及计算参数对其进行数值求解.数值模拟结果表明,岩体内裂隙水流引发的热质迁移对裂隙岩体的温度场分布有重要影响.随着裂隙内水流渗透速度的增加,热交换的速度加快,缩短了达到热平衡的时间.渗流速度越大,交界面处温度等值线的不连续现象越明显,热交换越不充分.随着渗流速度的降低,热质迁移量减少,热交换的充分性增加,岩体内的温度等值线平滑连贯,温度梯度降低,裂隙内温度等值线的锐化现象逐步消除.沿着裂隙水流的流动方向,温度等值线变化率逐渐减小,热交换的速率逐渐降低.流固耦合作用对渗流作用下裂隙岩体的温度场分布具有明显的影响,流体温度的变化会影响裂隙岩体温度场的变化梯度.