Photo-induced proton coupled electron transfer(PCET)is essential in the biological,photosynthesis,catalysis and solar energy conversion processes.Recently,p-nitrophenylphenol(HO-Bp-NO2)has been used as a model compoun...Photo-induced proton coupled electron transfer(PCET)is essential in the biological,photosynthesis,catalysis and solar energy conversion processes.Recently,p-nitrophenylphenol(HO-Bp-NO2)has been used as a model compound to study the photo-induced PCET mechanism by using ultrafast spectroscopy.In transient absorption spectra both singlet and triplet states were observed to exhibit PCET behavior upon laser excitation of HO-Bp-NO2.When we focused on the PCET in the triplet state,a new sharp band attracted us.This band was recorded upon excitation of HO-Bp-NO2 in aprotic polar solvents,and has not been observed for p-nitrobiphenyl which is without hydroxyl substitution.In order to find out what the new band represents,acidic solutions were used as an additional proton donor considering the acidity of HO-Bp-NO2.With the help of results in strong(~10^-1 mol/L)and weak(~10^-4 mol/L)acidic solutions,the new band is identified as open shell singlet O-Bp-NO2H,which is generated through protonation of nitro O in 3HO-Bp-NO2 followed by deprotonation of hydroxyl.Kinetics analysis indicates that the formation of radical·OBp-NO2 competes with O-Bp-NO2H in the way of concerted electron-proton transfer and/or proton followed electron transfers and is responsible for the low yield of O-Bp-NO2H.The results in the present work will make it clear how the3HO-Bp-NO2 deactivates in aprotic polar solvents and provide a solid benchmark for the deeply studying the PCET mechanism in triplets of analogous aromatic nitro compounds.展开更多
质子耦合电子转移(Proton coupled electron transfer,PCET)步骤存在于众多电催化与电合成反应中,通过调节PCET单元步骤来控制电催化反应热力学及动力学被证明是一种有效手段,同时,质子给/受体被证明是影响PCET反应的一个重要因素。本...质子耦合电子转移(Proton coupled electron transfer,PCET)步骤存在于众多电催化与电合成反应中,通过调节PCET单元步骤来控制电催化反应热力学及动力学被证明是一种有效手段,同时,质子给/受体被证明是影响PCET反应的一个重要因素。本文以电催化析氧、析氢、CO 2的电化学还原等典型电催化体系为例,探讨质子给/受体通过调控质子耦合电子转移单元步骤继而影响电催化反应的多种机制。展开更多
It remains challenging to achieve the selective cleavage of C–C bonds in lignin or lignin model compounds to produce aromatic products in high yield and selectivity.We have developed a redox-neutral photocatalytic st...It remains challenging to achieve the selective cleavage of C–C bonds in lignin or lignin model compounds to produce aromatic products in high yield and selectivity.We have developed a redox-neutral photocatalytic strategy to accomplish this goal in both b-O-4 and b-1 lignin models at room temperature(RT)via proton-coupled electron transfer(PCET)process without any pretreatments of substrate,by adjusting the alkalinity of base to obtain a lignin models/base PCET pair with a bond dissociation free energy close to 102 kcal/mol.Without breaking down C_b–Ccbond and any C–O bonds,this PCET method is 100%atom economy and produces exclusive Ca–C_bbond cleavage products,such as benzaldehydes(up to 97%)and phenyl ethers(up to 96%),in high to excellent yields and selectivities.Preliminary studies indicated that the PCET strategy is also effective for the depolymerization of native lignin at RT,thus providing significantly important foundation to the depolymerization of lignin.展开更多
The divergent behavior of C-H bond oxidations of aliphatic substrates compared to those of aromatic substrates shown in Gupta’s experiment was mechanistically studied herein by means of density functional theory calc...The divergent behavior of C-H bond oxidations of aliphatic substrates compared to those of aromatic substrates shown in Gupta’s experiment was mechanistically studied herein by means of density functional theory calculations.Our calculations reveal that such difference is caused by different reaction mechanisms between two kinds of substrates(the aliphatic cyclohexane,2,3-dimethylbutane and the aromatic toluene,ethylbenzene and cumene).For the aliphatic substrates,C-H oxidation by the oxidant Fe^(V)(O)(TAML)is a hydrogen atom transfer process;whereas for the aromatic substrates,C-H oxidation is a proton-coupled electron transfer(PCET)process with a proton transfer character on the transition state,that is,a proton-coupled electron transfer process holding a proton transfer-like transition state(PCET(PT)).This difference is caused by the strongπ-πinteractions between the tetra-anionic TAML ring and the phenyl ring of the aromatic substrates,which has a“pull”effect to make the electron transfer from substrates to the Fe=O moiety inefficient.展开更多
质子耦合电子转移(Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer,PCET)反应是生物和化学的重要过程,它与光合作用、呼吸过程、能量转化和存储,以及制备清洁能源材料等过程紧密相关。界面上的质子耦合电子转移反应是近年来的研究热点之一,本文对该...质子耦合电子转移(Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer,PCET)反应是生物和化学的重要过程,它与光合作用、呼吸过程、能量转化和存储,以及制备清洁能源材料等过程紧密相关。界面上的质子耦合电子转移反应是近年来的研究热点之一,本文对该领域进行了简要综述,主要介绍了发生在液/液界面和固/液界面上的质子耦合电子转移反应的研究进展。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21973082)。
文摘Photo-induced proton coupled electron transfer(PCET)is essential in the biological,photosynthesis,catalysis and solar energy conversion processes.Recently,p-nitrophenylphenol(HO-Bp-NO2)has been used as a model compound to study the photo-induced PCET mechanism by using ultrafast spectroscopy.In transient absorption spectra both singlet and triplet states were observed to exhibit PCET behavior upon laser excitation of HO-Bp-NO2.When we focused on the PCET in the triplet state,a new sharp band attracted us.This band was recorded upon excitation of HO-Bp-NO2 in aprotic polar solvents,and has not been observed for p-nitrobiphenyl which is without hydroxyl substitution.In order to find out what the new band represents,acidic solutions were used as an additional proton donor considering the acidity of HO-Bp-NO2.With the help of results in strong(~10^-1 mol/L)and weak(~10^-4 mol/L)acidic solutions,the new band is identified as open shell singlet O-Bp-NO2H,which is generated through protonation of nitro O in 3HO-Bp-NO2 followed by deprotonation of hydroxyl.Kinetics analysis indicates that the formation of radical·OBp-NO2 competes with O-Bp-NO2H in the way of concerted electron-proton transfer and/or proton followed electron transfers and is responsible for the low yield of O-Bp-NO2H.The results in the present work will make it clear how the3HO-Bp-NO2 deactivates in aprotic polar solvents and provide a solid benchmark for the deeply studying the PCET mechanism in triplets of analogous aromatic nitro compounds.
文摘质子耦合电子转移(Proton coupled electron transfer,PCET)步骤存在于众多电催化与电合成反应中,通过调节PCET单元步骤来控制电催化反应热力学及动力学被证明是一种有效手段,同时,质子给/受体被证明是影响PCET反应的一个重要因素。本文以电催化析氧、析氢、CO 2的电化学还原等典型电催化体系为例,探讨质子给/受体通过调控质子耦合电子转移单元步骤继而影响电催化反应的多种机制。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21975102, 21871107, 21774042, and 21422401)
文摘It remains challenging to achieve the selective cleavage of C–C bonds in lignin or lignin model compounds to produce aromatic products in high yield and selectivity.We have developed a redox-neutral photocatalytic strategy to accomplish this goal in both b-O-4 and b-1 lignin models at room temperature(RT)via proton-coupled electron transfer(PCET)process without any pretreatments of substrate,by adjusting the alkalinity of base to obtain a lignin models/base PCET pair with a bond dissociation free energy close to 102 kcal/mol.Without breaking down C_b–Ccbond and any C–O bonds,this PCET method is 100%atom economy and produces exclusive Ca–C_bbond cleavage products,such as benzaldehydes(up to 97%)and phenyl ethers(up to 96%),in high to excellent yields and selectivities.Preliminary studies indicated that the PCET strategy is also effective for the depolymerization of native lignin at RT,thus providing significantly important foundation to the depolymerization of lignin.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21806018 and No.21873052)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT20RC(4)002)+1 种基金Scientific Research Grant of Ningbo University(No.215-432000282)Ningbo Top Talent Project(No.215-432094250)。
文摘The divergent behavior of C-H bond oxidations of aliphatic substrates compared to those of aromatic substrates shown in Gupta’s experiment was mechanistically studied herein by means of density functional theory calculations.Our calculations reveal that such difference is caused by different reaction mechanisms between two kinds of substrates(the aliphatic cyclohexane,2,3-dimethylbutane and the aromatic toluene,ethylbenzene and cumene).For the aliphatic substrates,C-H oxidation by the oxidant Fe^(V)(O)(TAML)is a hydrogen atom transfer process;whereas for the aromatic substrates,C-H oxidation is a proton-coupled electron transfer(PCET)process with a proton transfer character on the transition state,that is,a proton-coupled electron transfer process holding a proton transfer-like transition state(PCET(PT)).This difference is caused by the strongπ-πinteractions between the tetra-anionic TAML ring and the phenyl ring of the aromatic substrates,which has a“pull”effect to make the electron transfer from substrates to the Fe=O moiety inefficient.
文摘质子耦合电子转移(Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer,PCET)反应是生物和化学的重要过程,它与光合作用、呼吸过程、能量转化和存储,以及制备清洁能源材料等过程紧密相关。界面上的质子耦合电子转移反应是近年来的研究热点之一,本文对该领域进行了简要综述,主要介绍了发生在液/液界面和固/液界面上的质子耦合电子转移反应的研究进展。
