The production and energy coupling system is used to mainly present energy flow, material flow, information flow, and their coupling interaction. Through the modeling and simulation of this system, the performance of ...The production and energy coupling system is used to mainly present energy flow, material flow, information flow, and their coupling interaction. Through the modeling and simulation of this system, the performance of energy flow can be analyzed and optimized in the process industry. In order to study this system, the component based hybrid Petri net methodology (CpnHPN) is proposed, synthesizing a number of extended Petri net methods and using the concept of energy place, material place, and information place. Through the interface place in CpnHPN, the component based encapsulation is established, which enables the production and energy coupling system to be built, analyzed, and optimized on the multi-level framework. Considering the block and brief simulation for hybrid system, the CpnHPN model is simulated with Simulink/Stateflow. To illustrate the use of the proposed methodology, the application of CpnHPN in the energy optimization of chlorine balance system is provided.展开更多
Electrochemical CO reduction reaction(CORR) provides a promising approach for producing valuable multicarbon products(C_(2+)), while the low solubility of CO in aqueous solution and high energy barrier of C–C couplin...Electrochemical CO reduction reaction(CORR) provides a promising approach for producing valuable multicarbon products(C_(2+)), while the low solubility of CO in aqueous solution and high energy barrier of C–C coupling as well as the competing hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) largely limit the efficiency for C_(2+)production in CORR. Here we report an overturn on the Faradaic efficiency of CORR from being HER-dominant to C_(2+)formation-dominant over a wide potential window, accompanied by a significant activity enhancement over a Moss-like Cu catalyst via pressuring CO. With the CO pressure rising from 1 to 40 atm, the C_(2+)Faradaic efficiency and partial current density remarkably increase from 22.8%and 18.9 mA cm^(-2)to 89.7% and 116.7 mA cm^(-2), respectively. Experimental and theoretical investigations reveal that high pressure-induced high CO coverage on metallic Cu surface weakens the Cu–C bond via reducing electron transfer from Cu to adsorbed CO and restrains hydrogen adsorption, which significantly facilitates the C–C coupling while suppressing HER on the predominant Cu(111) surface, thereby boosting the CO electroreduction to C_(2+)activity.展开更多
Fluctuation theorems have been applied successfully to any system away from thermal equilibrium,which are helpful for understanding the thermodynamic state evolution.We investigate fluctuation theorems for strong coup...Fluctuation theorems have been applied successfully to any system away from thermal equilibrium,which are helpful for understanding the thermodynamic state evolution.We investigate fluctuation theorems for strong coupling between a system and its reservoir,by path-dependent definition of work and heat satisfying the first law of thermodynamics.We present the fluctuation theorems for two kinds of entropy productions.One is the informational entropy production,which is always non-negative and can be employed in either strong or weak coupling systems.The other is the thermodynamic entropy production,which differs from the informational entropy production at strong coupling by the effects regarding the reservoir.We find that,it is the negative work on the reservoir,rather than the nonequilibrium of the thermal reservoir,which invalidates the thermodynamic entropy production at strong coupling.Our results indicate that the effects from the reservoir are essential to understanding thermodynamic processes at strong coupling.展开更多
The consumption of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) used to produce hydrogen, compared with the traditional water-splitting energy, is much less. First of all it is because of DSSCs’ low cost, easy fabrication proc...The consumption of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) used to produce hydrogen, compared with the traditional water-splitting energy, is much less. First of all it is because of DSSCs’ low cost, easy fabrication process, high conversion efficiency and good stability;secondly it also solves the problem of serious corrosion of the electrode, for the entire solar system is in the air. We use three tandem dye-sensitized photovoltaic cells as a source of power;the open circuit voltage of photoelectric unit shows the feasibility of using dye-sensitized photovoltaic cell decomposition of water to produce hydrogen.展开更多
Reservoirs characterized by high temperature,high-pressure,medium high cementation strength,low porosity,and low permeability,in general,are not affected by sand production issues.Since 2009,however,it is known that c...Reservoirs characterized by high temperature,high-pressure,medium high cementation strength,low porosity,and low permeability,in general,are not affected by sand production issues.Since 2009,however,it is known that cases exists where sand is present and may represent a significant technical problem(e.g.,the the Dina II condensate gas field).In the present study,the main factors affecting sand production in this type of reservoir are considered(mechanical properties,stress fields,production system,completion method and gas flow pattern changes during the production process).On this basis,a new liquid-solid coupled porous elasto-plastic 3D sand production model is introduced and validated through comparison with effective sand production data.The related prediction errors are found to be within 15%,which represents the necessary prerequisite for the utilization of such a model for the elaboration of sand prevention measures.展开更多
基金Shanghai Municipal Science & Technology Projects, China (No. 09DZ1203300, No. 10JC1415200)
文摘The production and energy coupling system is used to mainly present energy flow, material flow, information flow, and their coupling interaction. Through the modeling and simulation of this system, the performance of energy flow can be analyzed and optimized in the process industry. In order to study this system, the component based hybrid Petri net methodology (CpnHPN) is proposed, synthesizing a number of extended Petri net methods and using the concept of energy place, material place, and information place. Through the interface place in CpnHPN, the component based encapsulation is established, which enables the production and energy coupling system to be built, analyzed, and optimized on the multi-level framework. Considering the block and brief simulation for hybrid system, the CpnHPN model is simulated with Simulink/Stateflow. To illustrate the use of the proposed methodology, the application of CpnHPN in the energy optimization of chlorine balance system is provided.
基金financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China (Nos. 2022YFA1504500, 2022YFA1503100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21988101, 21890753, 22225204, 92145301, 22002160 and 22272174)+4 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDB36030200)the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (No. YSBR-028)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 20720220008)the Dalian National Lab for Clean Energy (DNL Cooperation Fund 202001)the Innovation Research Fund Project of DICP (No. DICP I202016)。
文摘Electrochemical CO reduction reaction(CORR) provides a promising approach for producing valuable multicarbon products(C_(2+)), while the low solubility of CO in aqueous solution and high energy barrier of C–C coupling as well as the competing hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) largely limit the efficiency for C_(2+)production in CORR. Here we report an overturn on the Faradaic efficiency of CORR from being HER-dominant to C_(2+)formation-dominant over a wide potential window, accompanied by a significant activity enhancement over a Moss-like Cu catalyst via pressuring CO. With the CO pressure rising from 1 to 40 atm, the C_(2+)Faradaic efficiency and partial current density remarkably increase from 22.8%and 18.9 mA cm^(-2)to 89.7% and 116.7 mA cm^(-2), respectively. Experimental and theoretical investigations reveal that high pressure-induced high CO coverage on metallic Cu surface weakens the Cu–C bond via reducing electron transfer from Cu to adsorbed CO and restrains hydrogen adsorption, which significantly facilitates the C–C coupling while suppressing HER on the predominant Cu(111) surface, thereby boosting the CO electroreduction to C_(2+)activity.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11674360,11734018,11835011,and 11965012)the Applied Basic Research Project of Yunnan Province,China(Grant No.2017FB004)
文摘Fluctuation theorems have been applied successfully to any system away from thermal equilibrium,which are helpful for understanding the thermodynamic state evolution.We investigate fluctuation theorems for strong coupling between a system and its reservoir,by path-dependent definition of work and heat satisfying the first law of thermodynamics.We present the fluctuation theorems for two kinds of entropy productions.One is the informational entropy production,which is always non-negative and can be employed in either strong or weak coupling systems.The other is the thermodynamic entropy production,which differs from the informational entropy production at strong coupling by the effects regarding the reservoir.We find that,it is the negative work on the reservoir,rather than the nonequilibrium of the thermal reservoir,which invalidates the thermodynamic entropy production at strong coupling.Our results indicate that the effects from the reservoir are essential to understanding thermodynamic processes at strong coupling.
文摘The consumption of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) used to produce hydrogen, compared with the traditional water-splitting energy, is much less. First of all it is because of DSSCs’ low cost, easy fabrication process, high conversion efficiency and good stability;secondly it also solves the problem of serious corrosion of the electrode, for the entire solar system is in the air. We use three tandem dye-sensitized photovoltaic cells as a source of power;the open circuit voltage of photoelectric unit shows the feasibility of using dye-sensitized photovoltaic cell decomposition of water to produce hydrogen.
基金This study has been supported by the Major Science and Technology Project“Comprehensive Research of Exploration Matching and Application of New Technology”(2016ZX5051-3)of CNPC.
文摘Reservoirs characterized by high temperature,high-pressure,medium high cementation strength,low porosity,and low permeability,in general,are not affected by sand production issues.Since 2009,however,it is known that cases exists where sand is present and may represent a significant technical problem(e.g.,the the Dina II condensate gas field).In the present study,the main factors affecting sand production in this type of reservoir are considered(mechanical properties,stress fields,production system,completion method and gas flow pattern changes during the production process).On this basis,a new liquid-solid coupled porous elasto-plastic 3D sand production model is introduced and validated through comparison with effective sand production data.The related prediction errors are found to be within 15%,which represents the necessary prerequisite for the utilization of such a model for the elaboration of sand prevention measures.
