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Cramer-Rao bound and signal-to-noise ratio gain in distributed coherent aperture radar 被引量:7
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作者 Peilin Sun Jun Tang Xiaowei Tang 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2014年第2期217-225,共9页
This paper studies the estimation performance of the coherent processing parameter (CPP), including time delay differences and phase synchronization errors among different apertures of the distributed coherent apert... This paper studies the estimation performance of the coherent processing parameter (CPP), including time delay differences and phase synchronization errors among different apertures of the distributed coherent aperture radar (DCAR). Firstly, three architectures of signal processing in the DCAR are introduced. Secondly, the closed-form Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) of the CPP estimation is derived and compared. Then, the closed-form CRB is verified by numerical simulations. Finally, when the next generation radar works in a fully coherent mode, the closed-form signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain of the three architectures is presented. 展开更多
关键词 cramer-rao bound (CRB) joint parameter estimation distributed coherent aperture radar (DCAR).
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Cramer-Rao bound of joint estimation of target location and velocity for coherent MIMO radar 被引量:3
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作者 Peilin Sun Jun Tang Shuang Wan 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2014年第4期566-572,共7页
The optimal estimation performance of target parameters is studied. First, the general form of Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) for joint estimation of target location and velocity is derived for coherent multiple input multi... The optimal estimation performance of target parameters is studied. First, the general form of Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) for joint estimation of target location and velocity is derived for coherent multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radars. To gain some insight into the behavior of the CRB, the CRB with a set of given orthogonal waveforms is studied as a specific case. Second, a maximum likelihood (ML) estimation algorithm is proposed. The mean square error (MSE) of the ML estimation of target location and velocity is obtained by Monte Carlo simulation and it approaches CRB in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region. 展开更多
关键词 cramer-rao bound (CRB) joint estimation coherentmultiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar.
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Cramer-Rao bounds for the joint delay-Doppler estimation of compressive sampling pulse-Doppler radar
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作者 CHEN Shengyao XI Feng 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2018年第1期58-66,共9页
Time-delay and Doppler shift estimation is a basic task for pulse-Doppler radar processing. For low-rate sampling of echo signals, several kinds of compressive sampling(CS) pulse-Doppler(CSPD) radar are developed with... Time-delay and Doppler shift estimation is a basic task for pulse-Doppler radar processing. For low-rate sampling of echo signals, several kinds of compressive sampling(CS) pulse-Doppler(CSPD) radar are developed with different analog-to-information conversion(AIC) systems. However, a unified metric is absent to evaluate their parameter estimation performance. Towards this end, this paper derives the deterministic Cramer-Rao bound(CRB)for the joint delay-Doppler estimation of CSPD radar to quantitatively analyze the estimate performance. Theoretical results reveal that the CRBs of both time-delays and Doppler shifts are inversely proportional to the received target signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), the number of transmitted pulses and the sampling rate of AIC systems. The main difference is that the CRB of Doppler shifts also lies on the coherent processing interval. Numerical experiments validate these theoretical results. They also show that the structure of the AIC systems has weak influence on the CRBs, which implies that the AIC structures can be flexibly selected for the implementation of CSPD radar. 展开更多
关键词 compressive sampling(CS) delay-Doppler estimation cramer-rao bound(CRB)
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CRAMER-RAO BOUNDS FOR PARAMETER ESTIMATION OF PHASE-CODING SIGNALS
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作者 HuangChunlin JiangWengli ZhouYiyu 《Journal of Electronics(China)》 2005年第1期1-8,共8页
In this paper, Cramer-Rao Bound (CRB) is derived from phase-coding signal with additive white noise, where three important parameters are focused on: carrier frequency, chip width and amplitude. Simplified and close f... In this paper, Cramer-Rao Bound (CRB) is derived from phase-coding signal with additive white noise, where three important parameters are focused on: carrier frequency, chip width and amplitude. Simplified and close form expressions of CRB are obtained through complicated derivation, and then are applied to evaluate the performance of the cyclic estimator.The results are accurate enough and serve well as benchmark for evaluating the performance of parameter estimation method. Numerical simulations illustrate the accuracy and applicability of the derived CRB. 展开更多
关键词 cramer-rao bound (CRB) Phase-coding signal Parameter estimation
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CRAMER-RAO BOUNDS OF THE FREQUENCY ESTIMATION IN THE TIME SELECTIVE RADIO CHANNELS WITH DOPPLER SPREAD 被引量:1
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作者 Hua Jingyu Yang Xin You Xiaohu 《Journal of Electronics(China)》 2006年第2期165-171,共7页
The mobile channel is slow fading and time selective, thus the multiplicative and additive noise of the channel will smear the spectral line, or arouse Doppler spread. This spread will make the parameters estimation a... The mobile channel is slow fading and time selective, thus the multiplicative and additive noise of the channel will smear the spectral line, or arouse Doppler spread. This spread will make the parameters estimation accuracy degrade. The goal of this paper is to analytically assess this degradation when Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) and Doppler shift exist jointly. Then the finite-sample Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) is derived and close-form asymptotical expression is given for large-sample CRLB. These expressions give insights into the performance room for frequency estimation. Also the variance of Doppler shift estimator is simulated to illustrate the theoretical results. 展开更多
关键词 cramer-rao Lower bound (CRLB) Time selective channel Doppler-shift
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Posterior Cramer-Rao lower bounds for multitarget bearings-only tracking
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作者 Guo Lei Tang Bin +1 位作者 Liu Gang Xiao Fei 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2008年第6期1127-1132,共6页
Usually, only the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) of single target is taken into consideration in the state estimate of passive tracking systems. As for the case of multitarget, there are few works done due to its com... Usually, only the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) of single target is taken into consideration in the state estimate of passive tracking systems. As for the case of multitarget, there are few works done due to its complexity. The recursion formula of the posterior Cramer-Rao lower bound (PCRLB) in multitarget bearings-only tracking with the three kinds of data association is presented. Meanwhile, computer simulation is carried out for data association. The final result shows that the accuracy probability of data association has an important impact on the PCRLB. 展开更多
关键词 multiple target tracking bearings-only tracking posterior cramer-rao lower bounder data association.
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Chiral bound states in a staggered array of coupled resonators
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作者 金伍林 李静 +2 位作者 卢竞 龚志瑞 周兰 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期124-130,共7页
We study the chiral bound states in a coupled-resonator array with staggered hopping strengths,which interacts with a two-level small atom through a single coupling point or two adjacent ones.In addition to the two ty... We study the chiral bound states in a coupled-resonator array with staggered hopping strengths,which interacts with a two-level small atom through a single coupling point or two adjacent ones.In addition to the two typical bound states found above and below the energy bands,this system presents an extraordinary chiral bound state located within the energy gap.We use the chirality to quantify the breaking of the mirror symmetry.We find that the chirality value undergoes continuous changes by tuning the coupling strengths.The preferred direction of the chirality is controlled not only by the competition between the intracell and the intercell hoppings in the coupled-resonator array,but also by the coherence between the two coupling points.In the case with one coupling point,the chirality values varies monotonously with difference between the intracell hopping and the intercell hoppings.While in the case with two coupling points,due to the coherence between the two coupling points the perfect chiral states can be obtained. 展开更多
关键词 bound states two-level small atom coupled-resonator array CHIRALITY
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Theoretical investigation of excited dipole bound states of alkali-containing diatomic anions
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作者 连艺 肖利丹 +2 位作者 边丽丽 徐海峰 闫冰 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期389-393,共5页
Information about electronic excited states of molecular anions plays an important role in investigating electron attachment and detachment processes.Here we present a high-level theoretical study of the electronic st... Information about electronic excited states of molecular anions plays an important role in investigating electron attachment and detachment processes.Here we present a high-level theoretical study of the electronic structures of 12 alkali-metal-containing diatomic anions MX-(MX = LiH,LiF,LiCl,NaF,NaCl,NaBr,RbCl,KCl,KBr,RbI,KI and CsI).The equation-of-motion electron-attachment coupled-cluster singles and doubles(EOM-EA-CCSD) method is used to calculate the electron binding energies(EBEs) of 10 electronic excited states of each of the 12 molecule anions.With addition of different s-/p-/d-type diffusion functions in the basis set,we have identified possible excited dipole bound states(DBSs) of each anion.With the investigation of EBEs on the 12 MXs with dipole moment(DM) up to 12.1 D,we evaluate the dependence of the number of anionic excited DBSs on molecular DM.The results indicate that there are at least two or three DBSs of anions with a molecular DM larger than 7 D and a molecule with DM > 10 D can sustain a π-DBS of the anion.Our study has some implications for the excited DBS electronic states of alkali-metal-containing diatomic molecules. 展开更多
关键词 ANIONS dipole bound states alkali-metal-containing diatomic molecules
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Strong light–matter coupling between excitons and chiral quasi-bound states in the continuum in van der Waals metasurfaces
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作者 Zhonghong Shi Houjiao Zhang Zhang-Kai Zhou 《Chinese Optics Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第10期118-127,共10页
The study of strong coupling between photonic cavities and excitons has brought about significant advances,varying from fundamental physics to applied science.However,there are several challenges hindering its further... The study of strong coupling between photonic cavities and excitons has brought about significant advances,varying from fundamental physics to applied science.However,there are several challenges hindering its further development,including obtaining photonic modes with both low room-temperature loss and high electric field(EF)enhancements,the difficulty of precisely transferring exciton materials into the photonic cavity,and the urgent need for additional manipulation approaches.In order to overcome these challenges simultaneously,we present a theoretical strong coupling system based on the chiral metasurfaces that are built by the excitonic van der Waals material of WSe_(2)and can support the quasi-bound states in the continuum(q-BIC)mode.The q-BIC mode can sustain EF enhancements over 80 times with loss smaller than10 meV,and the strong coupling between q-BIC mode and WSe_(2)excitons can be naturally realized without material transferring.Furthermore,a large chirality beyond 0.98 can be obtained in this strong coupling system,making the circular polarization of excitation light an effective parameter to control the generation of coherent states in this metasurface system.Our results can benefit the further development of strong coupling research,shedding light onto the exploration of new quantum devices. 展开更多
关键词 strong coupling CHIRALITY bound states in the continuum metasurface
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Comparison of the Minimum Bounding Rectangle and Minimum Circumscribed Ellipse of Rain Cells from TRMM
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作者 Hongke CAI Yaqin MAO +2 位作者 Xuanhao ZHU Yunfei FU Renjun ZHOU 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第3期391-406,共16页
Based on the TRMM dataset, this paper compares the applicability of the improved MCE(minimum circumscribed ellipse), MBR(minimum bounding rectangle), and DIA(direct indexing area) methods for rain cell fitting. These ... Based on the TRMM dataset, this paper compares the applicability of the improved MCE(minimum circumscribed ellipse), MBR(minimum bounding rectangle), and DIA(direct indexing area) methods for rain cell fitting. These three methods can reflect the geometric characteristics of clouds and apply geometric parameters to estimate the real dimensions of rain cells. The MCE method shows a major advantage in identifying the circumference of rain cells. The circumference of rain cells identified by MCE in most samples is smaller than that identified by DIA and MBR, and more similar to the observed rain cells. The area of rain cells identified by MBR is relatively robust. For rain cells composed of many pixels(N> 20), the overall performance is better than that of MCE, but the contribution of MBR to the best identification results,which have the shortest circumference and the smallest area, is less than that of MCE. The DIA method is best suited to small rain cells with a circumference of less than 100 km and an area of less than 120 km^(2), but the overall performance is mediocre. The MCE method tends to achieve the highest success at any angle, whereas there are fewer “best identification”results from DIA or MBR and more of the worst ones in the along-track direction and cross-track direction. Through this comprehensive comparison, we conclude that MCE can obtain the best fitting results with the shortest circumference and the smallest area on behalf of the high filling effect for all sizes of rain cells. 展开更多
关键词 TRMM minimum bounding rectangle minimum circumscribed ellipse
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Coulomb-assisted nonlocal electron transport between two pairs of Majorana bound states in a superconducting island
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作者 王浩迪 任俊潼 +1 位作者 吕海峰 柯莎莎 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期275-279,共5页
We investigate the nonlocal transport modulated by Coulomb interactions in devices comprising two interacting Majorana wires,where both nanowires are in proximity to a mesoscopic superconducting(SC)island.Each Majoran... We investigate the nonlocal transport modulated by Coulomb interactions in devices comprising two interacting Majorana wires,where both nanowires are in proximity to a mesoscopic superconducting(SC)island.Each Majorana bound state(MBS)is coupled to one lead via a quantum dot with resonant levels.In this device,the nonlocal correlations can be induced in the absence of Majorana energy splitting.We find that the negative differential conductance and giant current noise cross correlation could be induced,due to the interplay between nonlocality of MBSs and dynamical Coulomb blockade effect.This feature may provide a signature for the existence of the MBSs. 展开更多
关键词 Majorana bound states superconducting island current cross correlation
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MINIMIZERS OF L^(2)-SUBCRITICAL VARIATIONAL PROBLEMS WITH SPATIALLY DECAYING NONLINEARITIES IN BOUNDED DOMAINS
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作者 陈彬 高永帅 +1 位作者 郭玉劲 吴越 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第3期984-996,共13页
This paper is concerned with the minimizers of L^(2)-subcritical constraint variar tional problems with spatially decaying nonlinearities in a bounded domain Ω of R~N(N≥1).We prove that the problem admits minimizers... This paper is concerned with the minimizers of L^(2)-subcritical constraint variar tional problems with spatially decaying nonlinearities in a bounded domain Ω of R~N(N≥1).We prove that the problem admits minimizers for any M> 0.Moreover,the limiting behavior of minimizers as M→∞ is also analyzed rigorously. 展开更多
关键词 decaying nonlinearity L~2-subcritical MINIMIZERS bounded domains mass concentration
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Escobar’s Conjecture on a Sharp Lower Bound for the First Nonzero Steklov Eigenvalue
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作者 Chao Xia Changwei Xiong 《Peking Mathematical Journal》 CSCD 2024年第2期759-778,共20页
It was conjectured by Escobar(J Funct Anal 165:101–116,1999)that for an ndimensional(n≥3)smooth compact Riemannian manifold with boundary,which has nonnegative Ricci curvature and boundary principal curvatures bound... It was conjectured by Escobar(J Funct Anal 165:101–116,1999)that for an ndimensional(n≥3)smooth compact Riemannian manifold with boundary,which has nonnegative Ricci curvature and boundary principal curvatures bounded below by c>0,the first nonzero Steklov eigenvalue is greater than or equal to c with equality holding only on isometrically Euclidean balls with radius 1/c.In this paper,we confirm this conjecture in the case of nonnegative sectional curvature.The proof is based on a combination of Qiu-Xia’s weighted Reilly-type formula with a special choice of the weight function depending on the distance function to the boundary,as well as a generalized Pohozaev-type identity. 展开更多
关键词 Stekloveigenvalue Laplacian eigenvalue Sharp bound Nonnegative sectional curvature
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Holevo bound independent of weight matrices for estimating two parameters of a qubit
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作者 牛畅 郁司夏 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期137-143,共7页
Holevo bound plays an important role in quantum metrology as it sets the ultimate limit for multi-parameter estimations,which can be asymptotically achieved.Except for some trivial cases,the Holevo bound is implicitly... Holevo bound plays an important role in quantum metrology as it sets the ultimate limit for multi-parameter estimations,which can be asymptotically achieved.Except for some trivial cases,the Holevo bound is implicitly defined and formulated with the help of weight matrices.Here we report the first instance of an intrinsic Holevo bound,namely,without any reference to weight matrices,in a nontrivial case.Specifically,we prove that the Holevo bound for estimating two parameters of a qubit is equivalent to the joint constraint imposed by two quantum Cramér–Rao bounds corresponding to symmetric and right logarithmic derivatives.This weightless form of Holevo bound enables us to determine the precise range of independent entries of the mean-square error matrix,i.e.,two variances and one covariance that quantify the precisions of the estimation,as illustrated by different estimation models.Our result sheds some new light on the relations between the Holevo bound and quantum Cramer–Rao bounds.Possible generalizations are discussed. 展开更多
关键词 quantum metrology quantum Fisher information Holevo bound quantum multi-parameter estimation
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Iterative physical optics method based on efficient occlusion judgment with bounding volume hierarchy technology
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作者 Yang Su Yu-Mao Wu Jun Hu 《Journal of Electronic Science and Technology》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期1-12,共12页
This paper builds a binary tree for the target based on the bounding volume hierarchy technology,thereby achieving strict acceleration of the shadow judgment process and reducing the computational complexity from the ... This paper builds a binary tree for the target based on the bounding volume hierarchy technology,thereby achieving strict acceleration of the shadow judgment process and reducing the computational complexity from the original O(N^(3))to O(N^(2)logN).Numerical results show that the proposed method is more efficient than the traditional method.It is verified in multiple examples that the proposed method can complete the convergence of the current.Moreover,the proposed method avoids the error of judging the lit-shadow relationship based on the normal vector,which is beneficial to current iteration and convergence.Compared with the brute force method,the current method can improve the simulation efficiency by 2 orders of magnitude.The proposed method is more suitable for scattering problems in electrically large cavities and complex scenarios. 展开更多
关键词 bounding volume hierarchy Cavity scattering Iterative physical optics(IPO)
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Interface state-based bound states in continuum and below-continuum-resonance modes with high-Q factors in the rotational periodic system
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作者 杨嘉玲 史奥芊 +2 位作者 彭宇宸 彭鹏 刘建军 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第8期288-293,共6页
We have introduced a new approach to calculate the orbital angular momentum(OAM)of bound states in continuum(BICs)and below-continuum-resonance(BCR)modes in the rotational periodic system nested inside and outside by ... We have introduced a new approach to calculate the orbital angular momentum(OAM)of bound states in continuum(BICs)and below-continuum-resonance(BCR)modes in the rotational periodic system nested inside and outside by transforming the Bloch wave number from the translational periodic system.We extensively classify and study these BICs and BCR modes,which exhibit high-quality(high-Q)factors,in different regions relative to the interface of the system.These BICs and BCR modes with a high-Q factor have been studied in detail based on distinctive structural parameters and scattering theory.The outcomes of this research break the periodic limitation of interface state-based BICs,and realize more and higher symmetry interface state-based BICs and BCR modes.Moreover,we can control the region where light is captured by adjusting the frequency,and show that the Q factor of BICs is more closely related to the ordinal number of rings and the rotational symmetry number of the system. 展开更多
关键词 bound states in the continuum below continuum resonance modes high-quality factors
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Enhancing the Goos-Hänchen shift based on quasi-bound states in the continuum through material asymmetric dielectric compound gratings
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作者 江孝伟 方彬 占春连 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期393-400,共8页
Quasi-bound state in the continuum(QBIC)resonance is gradually attracting attention and being applied in Goos-Hänchen(GH)shift enhancement due to its high quality(Q)factor and superior optical confinement.Current... Quasi-bound state in the continuum(QBIC)resonance is gradually attracting attention and being applied in Goos-Hänchen(GH)shift enhancement due to its high quality(Q)factor and superior optical confinement.Currently,symmetry-protected QBIC resonance is often achieved by breaking the geometric symmetry,but few cases are achieved by breaking the material symmetry.This paper proposes a dielectric compound grating to achieve a high Q factor and high-reflection symmetry-protectede QBIC resonance based on material asymmetry.Theoretical calculations show that the symmetry-protected QBIC resonance achieved by material asymmetry can significantly increase the GH shift up to-980 times the resonance wavelength,and the maximum GH shift is located at the reflection peak with unity reflectance.This paper provides a theoretical basis for designing and fabricating high-performance GH shift tunable metasurfaces/dielectric gratings in the future. 展开更多
关键词 bound state in the continuum Goos-Hänchen shift dielectric compound grating material asymmetry
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A High Order Accurate Bound-Preserving Compact Finite Difference Scheme for Two-Dimensional Incompressible Flow
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作者 Hao Li Xiangxiong Zhang 《Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation》 EI 2024年第1期113-141,共29页
For solving two-dimensional incompressible flow in the vorticity form by the fourth-order compact finite difference scheme and explicit strong stability preserving temporal discretizations,we show that the simple boun... For solving two-dimensional incompressible flow in the vorticity form by the fourth-order compact finite difference scheme and explicit strong stability preserving temporal discretizations,we show that the simple bound-preserving limiter in Li et al.(SIAM J Numer Anal 56:3308–3345,2018)can enforce the strict bounds of the vorticity,if the velocity field satisfies a discrete divergence free constraint.For reducing oscillations,a modified TVB limiter adapted from Cockburn and Shu(SIAM J Numer Anal 31:607–627,1994)is constructed without affecting the bound-preserving property.This bound-preserving finite difference method can be used for any passive convection equation with a divergence free velocity field. 展开更多
关键词 Finite difference MONOTONICITY bound-preserving Discrete maximum principle Passive convection Incompressible flow Total variation bounded limiter
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Branch and Bound Algorithm for Globally Solving Minimax Linear Fractional Programming
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作者 WANG Hui-man SHEN Pei-ping LIANG Yu-xin 《Chinese Quarterly Journal of Mathematics》 2024年第4期388-398,共11页
In this paper,we study the minimax linear fractional programming problem on a non-empty bounded set,called problem(MLFP),and we design a branch and bound algorithm to find a globally optimal solution of(MLFP).Firstly,... In this paper,we study the minimax linear fractional programming problem on a non-empty bounded set,called problem(MLFP),and we design a branch and bound algorithm to find a globally optimal solution of(MLFP).Firstly,we convert the problem(MLFP)to a problem(EP2)that is equivalent to it.Secondly,by applying the convex relaxation technique to problem(EP2),a convex quadratic relaxation problem(CQRP)is obtained.Then,the overall framework of the algorithm is given and its convergence is proved,the worst-case iteration number is also estimated.Finally,experimental data are listed to illustrate the effectiveness of the algorithm. 展开更多
关键词 Minimax linear fractional programming Global optimal solution Branch and bound
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Oriented Bounding Box Object Detection Model Based on Improved YOLOv8
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作者 ZHAO Xin-kang SI Zhan-jun 《印刷与数字媒体技术研究》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第4期67-75,114,共10页
In the study of oriented bounding boxes(OBB)object detection in high-resolution remote sensing images,the problem of missed and wrong detection of small targets occurs because the targets are too small and have differ... In the study of oriented bounding boxes(OBB)object detection in high-resolution remote sensing images,the problem of missed and wrong detection of small targets occurs because the targets are too small and have different orientations.Existing OBB object detection for remote sensing images,although making good progress,mainly focuses on directional modeling,while less consideration is given to the size of the object as well as the problem of missed detection.In this study,a method based on improved YOLOv8 was proposed for detecting oriented objects in remote sensing images,which can improve the detection precision of oriented objects in remote sensing images.Firstly,the ResCBAMG module was innovatively designed,which could better extract channel and spatial correlation information.Secondly,the innovative top-down feature fusion layer network structure was proposed in conjunction with the Efficient Channel Attention(ECA)attention module,which helped to capture inter-local cross-channel interaction information appropriately.Finally,we introduced an innovative ResCBAMG module between the different C2f modules and detection heads of the bottom-up feature fusion layer.This innovative structure helped the model to better focus on the target area.The precision and robustness of oriented target detection were also improved.Experimental results on the DOTA-v1.5 dataset showed that the detection Precision,mAP@0.5,and mAP@0.5:0.95 metrics of the improved model are better compared to the original model.This improvement is effective in detecting small targets and complex scenes. 展开更多
关键词 Remote sensing image Oriented bounding boxes object detection Small target detection YOLOv8
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