The bone defects of the cranial vault encompassed rare malformations including acalvaria, hypocalvaria, acrania, hypocrania, anencephaly and exencephaly. They are also described in some pathological entities such as a...The bone defects of the cranial vault encompassed rare malformations including acalvaria, hypocalvaria, acrania, hypocrania, anencephaly and exencephaly. They are also described in some pathological entities such as aplasia cutis congenita of the scalp. We report an unusual case of cephalic malformation which combine defects of the skin, the dura mater, and the bones of the vault, with a malformation of the central nervous system. This unique case emphasizes a problem of nosological definition between the terms mentioned above. acalvaria, the acrania, the hypocalvaria and the aplasia cutis congenita. Thus, herein, we proceed to a literature review of bone defects of the skull and their differential diagnosis.展开更多
Purpose: Low intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) has been clinically applied to promote bone fracture healing in the orthopedic field. Thus, it is likely that LIPUS also stimulates bone regeneration in bon...Purpose: Low intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) has been clinically applied to promote bone fracture healing in the orthopedic field. Thus, it is likely that LIPUS also stimulates bone regeneration in bone defects in the cranial-maxillofacial area. However, this has not been clearly proved. Furthermore, optimal time point and period of the application after the surgery has not been reported. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of LIPUS on bone regeneration in the rat parietal bone defects especially focusing on time and period of the application. Materials and Methods: Eighteen Wistar rats (14 weeks old) were divided into 6 groups: 5 experimental groups and a control group. Bone defect of 5 mm diameter was prepared on each side of the parietal bone and customized gelatin membranes were placed over the bone defects. LIPUS (160 mW/cm2, 15 min/day) was applied to the defect area with an active transducer externally in the experimental groups according to the schedules of the applications: Group 1 (day 6 - 12), group 2 (day 13 - 19), group 3 (day 20 - 26), group 4 (day 6 - 19) and group 5 (day 6 - 26). All the animals were sacrificed at 28 days. The defects were analyzed with micro CT and then histologically. Results: In Group 1, new bone formation was significantly promoted and the newly-formed bone was thick and matured compared to the one of the control group. In other experimental groups there were tendencies of stimulation of new bone formation;however, they were not statistically significant. Discussion and Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that amount of new bone formation in the bone defect depended on the time and period of LIPUS application. It has been suggested that application of LIPUS at an early healing period, the second week after the surgery, effectively accelerated new bone formation.展开更多
目的本研究旨在探索一种创伤性颅骨缺损自体修复的新材料及急性期术中一次性修复的新方法.方法采用弃用人牙提取脱钙人牙基质,利用其中的骨形态发生蛋白(bone morphogenetic protein,BMP),在动物实验诱导骨再生修复成功后,对22例创伤性...目的本研究旨在探索一种创伤性颅骨缺损自体修复的新材料及急性期术中一次性修复的新方法.方法采用弃用人牙提取脱钙人牙基质,利用其中的骨形态发生蛋白(bone morphogenetic protein,BMP),在动物实验诱导骨再生修复成功后,对22例创伤性颅骨缺损在急性期进行术中一次性修复.病人年龄8～64岁,颅骨缺损范围4～5 cm 14例,6～8 cm 8例;开放伤17例,闭合伤5例.颅骨缺损区用脱钙人牙基质2～6g,与颅骨碎粒及骨屑均匀混合平敷在硬膜外颅骨缺损区内,术后临床检查、X线评价,CT多点骨密度值测定.结果术后第3周修补区能耐受压力,X片见骨窗区骨碎粒逐渐融合,CT值由最初20～40Hu上升200～700Hu,1年后,900Hu.全部病例无感染发生,未显免疫排斥反应.结论从弃用人牙提取人的BMP,用此材料对创伤性颅骨缺损急性期术中一次性修复,简单、有效.变二次手术一次完成,有别于传统的颅骨修复方法,具良好的应用前景.展开更多
目的观察以胶原缓释重组人骨形成蛋白2(recom b inan t hum an bone m orphogenetic prote in 2,rhBM P-2)复合骨髓间充质干细胞(m arrow m esenchym a l stem ce lls,M SC s)及珊瑚构建的组织工程骨修复兔颅骨极限缺损的能力。方法新...目的观察以胶原缓释重组人骨形成蛋白2(recom b inan t hum an bone m orphogenetic prote in 2,rhBM P-2)复合骨髓间充质干细胞(m arrow m esenchym a l stem ce lls,M SC s)及珊瑚构建的组织工程骨修复兔颅骨极限缺损的能力。方法新西兰大白兔40只,制备颅骨极限缺损,按植入的修复物不同随机分为5组,每组8只。Ⅰ组:自体髂骨,为阳性对照组;Ⅱ组:珊瑚,为阴性对照组;Ⅲ组:rhBM P-2+珊瑚;Ⅳ组:胶原+rhBM P-2+珊瑚;Ⅴ组:M SC s+胶原+rhBM P-2+珊瑚。将其分别植入兔颅骨极限缺损处,术后8、16周行大体观察、X线片、HE染色及M asson三色染色法观察比较骨缺损修复的情况。结果术后Ⅴ组材料与Ⅰ组修复颅骨极限缺损的效果相近,缺损区大体标本可见骨样组织充填,硬度与周边骨质相近,并与周边骨质形成明显骨融合;X线阻射程度高,16周时达80.45%±2.52%;组织学观察为板层状结构的新骨组织,空白孔隙区较少。Ⅳ组修复效果次之,Ⅲ组材料成骨能力较弱,Ⅱ组大部为半透明的纤维薄膜,缺损区界限清晰。结论胶原是rhBM P-2适宜的缓释载体,胶原及M SC s对促进复合支架材料修复骨缺损有重要意义。以M SC s+胶原+rhBM P-2+珊瑚构建的组织工程骨可成为一种良好的骨缺损修复材料。展开更多
文摘The bone defects of the cranial vault encompassed rare malformations including acalvaria, hypocalvaria, acrania, hypocrania, anencephaly and exencephaly. They are also described in some pathological entities such as aplasia cutis congenita of the scalp. We report an unusual case of cephalic malformation which combine defects of the skin, the dura mater, and the bones of the vault, with a malformation of the central nervous system. This unique case emphasizes a problem of nosological definition between the terms mentioned above. acalvaria, the acrania, the hypocalvaria and the aplasia cutis congenita. Thus, herein, we proceed to a literature review of bone defects of the skull and their differential diagnosis.
文摘Purpose: Low intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) has been clinically applied to promote bone fracture healing in the orthopedic field. Thus, it is likely that LIPUS also stimulates bone regeneration in bone defects in the cranial-maxillofacial area. However, this has not been clearly proved. Furthermore, optimal time point and period of the application after the surgery has not been reported. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of LIPUS on bone regeneration in the rat parietal bone defects especially focusing on time and period of the application. Materials and Methods: Eighteen Wistar rats (14 weeks old) were divided into 6 groups: 5 experimental groups and a control group. Bone defect of 5 mm diameter was prepared on each side of the parietal bone and customized gelatin membranes were placed over the bone defects. LIPUS (160 mW/cm2, 15 min/day) was applied to the defect area with an active transducer externally in the experimental groups according to the schedules of the applications: Group 1 (day 6 - 12), group 2 (day 13 - 19), group 3 (day 20 - 26), group 4 (day 6 - 19) and group 5 (day 6 - 26). All the animals were sacrificed at 28 days. The defects were analyzed with micro CT and then histologically. Results: In Group 1, new bone formation was significantly promoted and the newly-formed bone was thick and matured compared to the one of the control group. In other experimental groups there were tendencies of stimulation of new bone formation;however, they were not statistically significant. Discussion and Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that amount of new bone formation in the bone defect depended on the time and period of LIPUS application. It has been suggested that application of LIPUS at an early healing period, the second week after the surgery, effectively accelerated new bone formation.
文摘目的本研究旨在探索一种创伤性颅骨缺损自体修复的新材料及急性期术中一次性修复的新方法.方法采用弃用人牙提取脱钙人牙基质,利用其中的骨形态发生蛋白(bone morphogenetic protein,BMP),在动物实验诱导骨再生修复成功后,对22例创伤性颅骨缺损在急性期进行术中一次性修复.病人年龄8～64岁,颅骨缺损范围4～5 cm 14例,6～8 cm 8例;开放伤17例,闭合伤5例.颅骨缺损区用脱钙人牙基质2～6g,与颅骨碎粒及骨屑均匀混合平敷在硬膜外颅骨缺损区内,术后临床检查、X线评价,CT多点骨密度值测定.结果术后第3周修补区能耐受压力,X片见骨窗区骨碎粒逐渐融合,CT值由最初20～40Hu上升200～700Hu,1年后,900Hu.全部病例无感染发生,未显免疫排斥反应.结论从弃用人牙提取人的BMP,用此材料对创伤性颅骨缺损急性期术中一次性修复,简单、有效.变二次手术一次完成,有别于传统的颅骨修复方法,具良好的应用前景.
文摘目的观察以胶原缓释重组人骨形成蛋白2(recom b inan t hum an bone m orphogenetic prote in 2,rhBM P-2)复合骨髓间充质干细胞(m arrow m esenchym a l stem ce lls,M SC s)及珊瑚构建的组织工程骨修复兔颅骨极限缺损的能力。方法新西兰大白兔40只,制备颅骨极限缺损,按植入的修复物不同随机分为5组,每组8只。Ⅰ组:自体髂骨,为阳性对照组;Ⅱ组:珊瑚,为阴性对照组;Ⅲ组:rhBM P-2+珊瑚;Ⅳ组:胶原+rhBM P-2+珊瑚;Ⅴ组:M SC s+胶原+rhBM P-2+珊瑚。将其分别植入兔颅骨极限缺损处,术后8、16周行大体观察、X线片、HE染色及M asson三色染色法观察比较骨缺损修复的情况。结果术后Ⅴ组材料与Ⅰ组修复颅骨极限缺损的效果相近,缺损区大体标本可见骨样组织充填,硬度与周边骨质相近,并与周边骨质形成明显骨融合;X线阻射程度高,16周时达80.45%±2.52%;组织学观察为板层状结构的新骨组织,空白孔隙区较少。Ⅳ组修复效果次之,Ⅲ组材料成骨能力较弱,Ⅱ组大部为半透明的纤维薄膜,缺损区界限清晰。结论胶原是rhBM P-2适宜的缓释载体,胶原及M SC s对促进复合支架材料修复骨缺损有重要意义。以M SC s+胶原+rhBM P-2+珊瑚构建的组织工程骨可成为一种良好的骨缺损修复材料。
