BACKGROUND Arrhythmogenic right ventricular(RV)cardiomyopathy is a rare and currently underrecognized cardiomyopathy characterized by the replacement of RV myocardium by fibrofatty tissue.It may be asymptomatic or sym...BACKGROUND Arrhythmogenic right ventricular(RV)cardiomyopathy is a rare and currently underrecognized cardiomyopathy characterized by the replacement of RV myocardium by fibrofatty tissue.It may be asymptomatic or symptomatic(palpitations or syncope)and may induce sudden cardiac death,especially during exercise.To prevent adverse events such as sudden cardiac death and heart failure,early diagnosis and treatment of arrhythmogenic RV cardiomyopathy(ARVC)are crucial.We report a patient with ARVC characterized by recurrent syncope during exercise who was successfully treated with combined endocardial and epicardial catheter ablation.CASE SUMMARY A 43-year-old man was referred for an episode of syncope during exercise.Previously,the patient experienced two episodes of syncope without a firm etiological diagnosis.An electrocardiogram obtained at admission indicated ventricular tachycardia originating from the inferior wall of the right ventricle.The ventricular tachycardia was terminated with intravenous propafenone.A repeat electrocardiogram showed a regular sinus rhythm with negative T waves and a delayed S-wave upstroke from leads V1 to V4.Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed RV free wall thinning,regional RV akinesia,RV dilatation and fibrofatty infiltration(RV ejection fraction of 38%).An electrophysiological study showed multiple inducible ventricular tachycardia as of a focal mechanism from the right ventricle.Endocardial and epicardial voltage mapping demonstrated scar tissue in the anterior wall,free wall and posterior wall of the right ventricle.Late potentials were also recorded.The patient was diagnosed with ARVC and treated with combined endocardial and epicardial catheter ablation with a very satisfactory follow-up result.CONCLUSION Clinicians should be aware of ARVC,and further workup,including imaging with multiple modalities,should be pursued.The combination of epicardial and endocardial catheter ablation can lead to a good outcome.展开更多
Background: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction could develop during exercise in</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">pati...Background: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction could develop during exercise in</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">patients with both hypertension and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and may contribute to the patient symptoms. The objective is to assess RV function, both at rest and during exercise in patients with hypertension and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Methods: We included 30 patients with hypertension and resting LV diastolic dysfunction. The systolic function of the right ventricle was assessed by TAPSE (Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion) and S</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> while E/A ratio, annular lateral E’, E/E’ and E’/A’ were used to measure diastolic function. The global function of the right ventricle was assessed by measuring the right indexed myocardial performance. The dimensions and pulmonary pressures were also measured. Results: The following parameters of RV systolic function were increased significantly with exercise: TAPSE (P = 0.0054), S’ (P</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">= 0.0045). Moreover, the following diastolic parameters of the RV increased significantly with exercise: E/E’ (P</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">=</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.05), A’</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(P</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">=</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.04). The global RV function showed also a significant increase (P</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">=</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.0011). The three RV dimensions as well as the pulmonary artery pressures also increased during exercise (P</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">= 0.000004, 0.001, and 0.00000064 respectively). In addition, the presence of resting LV grade II DD predicted significantly higher pulmonary pressures during exercise (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> =</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.006). The advanced resting grade of LVDD predicted significantly the presence of advanced grade of RVDD with exercise (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> =</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.037). Conclusions: Some patients who have both hypertension and LV diastolic dysfunction showed structural and functional changes of the right ventricle at rest. However, all patients had RV functional changes during exercise.展开更多
In the process of formulating the General Provisions of the Civil Law of P. R. China, the attribute of virtual property rights has changed from real rights to non-real rights. Article No. 127 thereof does not clarify ...In the process of formulating the General Provisions of the Civil Law of P. R. China, the attribute of virtual property rights has changed from real rights to non-real rights. Article No. 127 thereof does not clarify the nature of virtual property rights after all, and the place where virtual property is put in the "Civil Rights" chapter of General Provisions of the Civil Law makes the concept even more complex and confusing. The "relationships paradigm" protection of virtual property does not have a definite classification criterion, nor stands opposite to the "rights paradigm." There are two different ways to justify the "theory of virtual property as a real right" under the "rights paradigm" protection, namely, essentialism and consequentialism. The former resulted from utilizing features in a demonstration and identifying disposal rights with real rights, while the latter resulted from adherence to the dichotomy system of property rights comprising real rights and creditor's rights. From the perspective of larceny in Criminal Law and virtual property insurance in The Social Insurance Law, the attribute of virtual property rights is irrelevant to creditor's rights. The attribute of virtual property rights shall be defined as virtual property rights so that it can be included in the system of civil rights. The uniqueness of virtual property is enough to become an object of emerging civil rights; intangible property rights as a superordinate theoretical concept cannot reflect the essence of virtual property rights. The legislative frame of virtual property rights shall be comprised of the subject, object, exercise, publication and change of the rights.展开更多
To measure the response of left and right ventricular ejection fraction and wall motion to exercise in eighteen patients with angiogl’aphically documented coronary artery disease (CAD) and in twenty-two patients with...To measure the response of left and right ventricular ejection fraction and wall motion to exercise in eighteen patients with angiogl’aphically documented coronary artery disease (CAD) and in twenty-two patients with angiographicallynormal coronary arteries using ultrafast computed tomography(UFCT). Methods: Angiography and UFCT exercise cine studieswere performed for the evaluation of chest pain in all 40 cases, including 18 CAD patients and 22 patients with normal coronary arteries. Results: Of the 18 patients with CAD, 14(78% ) had a≥5% decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) duringexercise by UFCT (P< 0 .001), and 14 (78%) had an abnormal response in left ventricular wall motion during exercise, (aworsened or newly-developed reginal RV wall motion abnormality (RVWMA)) during exercise. In the 22 normal patients, onlyone had a decrease in LVEF > 5%; none had an abnormal response in LV wall motion during peak exercise or a RVWMA at restor during stress. Using a decrease of ≥5 % in LVEF or a LVWMA or RVWMA during stress as a criterion for identifying patientswith CAD, the accuracy was 88% (35/40) with LVEF, 90% (36/40) with LVWMA, and 92% (37/40) with a combination ofLVEF, LVWMA and RVWMA. The sensitivity of RVWMA alone in detecting right coronary artery disease (RCAD) was 60%(6/10) and the specificity was 78% (7/9). Conclusion: Our study suggests that exercise-UFCT appears to be a useful tool for thedetection of CAD in patients with chest pain. The abnormal response of LVEF and exercise-induced LVWMA and RVWMA as determined by UFCT were important predictors CAD. Both LVWMA and RVWMA of important value in identifying patientswith CAN from those with normal coronary arteries, as is RVWMA in defining the existence of RCAD in patients with CAD.展开更多
基金Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province,No.2020JQ-939and Science and Technology Development Incubation Fund Project of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital,No.2019YXQ-08.
文摘BACKGROUND Arrhythmogenic right ventricular(RV)cardiomyopathy is a rare and currently underrecognized cardiomyopathy characterized by the replacement of RV myocardium by fibrofatty tissue.It may be asymptomatic or symptomatic(palpitations or syncope)and may induce sudden cardiac death,especially during exercise.To prevent adverse events such as sudden cardiac death and heart failure,early diagnosis and treatment of arrhythmogenic RV cardiomyopathy(ARVC)are crucial.We report a patient with ARVC characterized by recurrent syncope during exercise who was successfully treated with combined endocardial and epicardial catheter ablation.CASE SUMMARY A 43-year-old man was referred for an episode of syncope during exercise.Previously,the patient experienced two episodes of syncope without a firm etiological diagnosis.An electrocardiogram obtained at admission indicated ventricular tachycardia originating from the inferior wall of the right ventricle.The ventricular tachycardia was terminated with intravenous propafenone.A repeat electrocardiogram showed a regular sinus rhythm with negative T waves and a delayed S-wave upstroke from leads V1 to V4.Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed RV free wall thinning,regional RV akinesia,RV dilatation and fibrofatty infiltration(RV ejection fraction of 38%).An electrophysiological study showed multiple inducible ventricular tachycardia as of a focal mechanism from the right ventricle.Endocardial and epicardial voltage mapping demonstrated scar tissue in the anterior wall,free wall and posterior wall of the right ventricle.Late potentials were also recorded.The patient was diagnosed with ARVC and treated with combined endocardial and epicardial catheter ablation with a very satisfactory follow-up result.CONCLUSION Clinicians should be aware of ARVC,and further workup,including imaging with multiple modalities,should be pursued.The combination of epicardial and endocardial catheter ablation can lead to a good outcome.
文摘Background: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction could develop during exercise in</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">patients with both hypertension and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and may contribute to the patient symptoms. The objective is to assess RV function, both at rest and during exercise in patients with hypertension and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Methods: We included 30 patients with hypertension and resting LV diastolic dysfunction. The systolic function of the right ventricle was assessed by TAPSE (Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion) and S</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> while E/A ratio, annular lateral E’, E/E’ and E’/A’ were used to measure diastolic function. The global function of the right ventricle was assessed by measuring the right indexed myocardial performance. The dimensions and pulmonary pressures were also measured. Results: The following parameters of RV systolic function were increased significantly with exercise: TAPSE (P = 0.0054), S’ (P</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">= 0.0045). Moreover, the following diastolic parameters of the RV increased significantly with exercise: E/E’ (P</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">=</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.05), A’</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(P</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">=</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.04). The global RV function showed also a significant increase (P</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">=</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.0011). The three RV dimensions as well as the pulmonary artery pressures also increased during exercise (P</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">= 0.000004, 0.001, and 0.00000064 respectively). In addition, the presence of resting LV grade II DD predicted significantly higher pulmonary pressures during exercise (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> =</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.006). The advanced resting grade of LVDD predicted significantly the presence of advanced grade of RVDD with exercise (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> =</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.037). Conclusions: Some patients who have both hypertension and LV diastolic dysfunction showed structural and functional changes of the right ventricle at rest. However, all patients had RV functional changes during exercise.
基金a phase achievement of Research on the Legal Problem of Third Party Infringing Contract Conclusion Interestsa general item under the national social sciences foundation(item number:16BFX1l0)Research on Expansion of Non-normative Provisions in Civil Legislation,one of the national subjects on rule of law and legal theory(item number:16SFB3031)
文摘In the process of formulating the General Provisions of the Civil Law of P. R. China, the attribute of virtual property rights has changed from real rights to non-real rights. Article No. 127 thereof does not clarify the nature of virtual property rights after all, and the place where virtual property is put in the "Civil Rights" chapter of General Provisions of the Civil Law makes the concept even more complex and confusing. The "relationships paradigm" protection of virtual property does not have a definite classification criterion, nor stands opposite to the "rights paradigm." There are two different ways to justify the "theory of virtual property as a real right" under the "rights paradigm" protection, namely, essentialism and consequentialism. The former resulted from utilizing features in a demonstration and identifying disposal rights with real rights, while the latter resulted from adherence to the dichotomy system of property rights comprising real rights and creditor's rights. From the perspective of larceny in Criminal Law and virtual property insurance in The Social Insurance Law, the attribute of virtual property rights is irrelevant to creditor's rights. The attribute of virtual property rights shall be defined as virtual property rights so that it can be included in the system of civil rights. The uniqueness of virtual property is enough to become an object of emerging civil rights; intangible property rights as a superordinate theoretical concept cannot reflect the essence of virtual property rights. The legislative frame of virtual property rights shall be comprised of the subject, object, exercise, publication and change of the rights.
文摘To measure the response of left and right ventricular ejection fraction and wall motion to exercise in eighteen patients with angiogl’aphically documented coronary artery disease (CAD) and in twenty-two patients with angiographicallynormal coronary arteries using ultrafast computed tomography(UFCT). Methods: Angiography and UFCT exercise cine studieswere performed for the evaluation of chest pain in all 40 cases, including 18 CAD patients and 22 patients with normal coronary arteries. Results: Of the 18 patients with CAD, 14(78% ) had a≥5% decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) duringexercise by UFCT (P< 0 .001), and 14 (78%) had an abnormal response in left ventricular wall motion during exercise, (aworsened or newly-developed reginal RV wall motion abnormality (RVWMA)) during exercise. In the 22 normal patients, onlyone had a decrease in LVEF > 5%; none had an abnormal response in LV wall motion during peak exercise or a RVWMA at restor during stress. Using a decrease of ≥5 % in LVEF or a LVWMA or RVWMA during stress as a criterion for identifying patientswith CAD, the accuracy was 88% (35/40) with LVEF, 90% (36/40) with LVWMA, and 92% (37/40) with a combination ofLVEF, LVWMA and RVWMA. The sensitivity of RVWMA alone in detecting right coronary artery disease (RCAD) was 60%(6/10) and the specificity was 78% (7/9). Conclusion: Our study suggests that exercise-UFCT appears to be a useful tool for thedetection of CAD in patients with chest pain. The abnormal response of LVEF and exercise-induced LVWMA and RVWMA as determined by UFCT were important predictors CAD. Both LVWMA and RVWMA of important value in identifying patientswith CAN from those with normal coronary arteries, as is RVWMA in defining the existence of RCAD in patients with CAD.
