Emerging Trends in Social Networking Systems and Generation Gap with Neutrosophic Crisp Soft Mapping

This paper aims to introduce the novel concept of neutrosophic crisp soft set(NCSS),including various types of neutrosophic crisp soft sets(NCSSs)and their fundamental operations.We define NCS-mapping and its inverse NCS-mapping between two NCS-classes.We develop a robust mathematical modeling with the help of NCS-mapping to analyze the emerging trends in social networking systems(SNSs)for our various generations.We investigate the advantages,disadvantages,and natural aspects of SNSs for five generations.With the changing of the generations,it is analyzed that emerging trends and the benefits of SNSs are increasing day by day.The suggested modeling with NCS-mapping is applicable in solving various decision-making problems.

A Survey of the Use of the Discrete-event Simulation in Manufacturing Industry

In this work, a survey of companies has been produc ed from a questionnaire and in-depth inter-views. The aimof the paper is to give a current view of the use of DES (Discrete- Event Simulation) in the indust ry. The companies have been selected in a wide range in e.g. size, capital turno ver and employees. The survey was restricted to Sweden, although the results may be applicable to other countries with similar industrial structure. Some of the companies investigated are also multinational with branches around the world. T o illustrate the differences in production systems different sectors have be en investigated, e.g. the manufacturing industry and energy sector. The manufact uring systems generally differ in that the energy sector is more known for high reliability in their systems and the manufacturing sector tends to work more wit h lean production. Previous surveys of manufacturing efficiency illustrate different aspects. Accor ding to one survey, more than one-third (34%) of the disturbances in two countr ies (the U.S. and Finland) were mainly caused by design-based errors and flaws. The survey also showed the scope of safety problems experienced in the implemen tation and use of flexible manufacturing systems (Jrvinen et al., 1996). Another survey in Germany reports a gap between users and non-users of DES. Man y companies that are not familiar with simulation are not aware of its benefits. The study suggested integrating simulation into the planning processes as a reg ular tool. So far, DES is mostly used in system planning, resource planning and scheduling and production planning (Hirschberg & Heitmann, 1997). The disposition of the accomplished questionnaire had been multiple-choice ques tions in a strict order. The respondents gave their views on what the interviewe r considered relevant for the survey. The questionnaire was mailed to 220 person s in May 2001; a second round for unanswered surveys was dispatched in August 20 01. Replies came from 114 respondents; thus, the reply rate to all questionnaire s sent out was 52%. The replies came in from 80 different companies. Questionswere raised regarding what kinds of decisions are taken from a simulation projec t and questions were also asked regarding the tool itself. Some common problems encountered based on the authors’ knowledge were asked in the questionnaire. The questions were sent to those who had reasonable knowledge of how to work with D ES. Supplementary in-depth interviews were also accomplished. On the question if DES facilitates the decision-making process 79% of totally 3 8 answered to a very large or a large extent. Regarding the question if DES is a useful tool for measuring the availability of equipment for example system verification 73% of 33 responded to a very large or a large extent. A majority o f the respondents genuinely see an advantage with the use of simulation, which i s an important result from the study. The cost reduction aspect of the productio n is also an advantage of DES. On the question eight answered to a very large ex tent and 23 to a large extent of total 39 replies. The question demonstrates tha t the results of a simulation model are indeed used in the real world. Finally, in the question of DES is used for staffing it is indicated that it is not so co mmonly used as for other functions asked for. The staffing issue requires good k nowledge about time measurement of manual labor. The option, however, to include manual work in a simulation model is in many programs extensive and must be a v aluable option to evaluate work intensive parts of production lines and their im provement. To conclude, it could be mentioned that DES is a tool with potential. The use is increasing and 12 of 80 companies investigated in Sweden 2001 are using it, an increase compared to previous stud-ies. Of those 12 companies, four are using t he tool to a large extent. The main advantage according to the survey beside the visualization part is that the knowledge about a system is investigated and doc umented.

Queue reduction in discrete-event systems by relabeling

The customer population of entities potentially requesting to join a queue for service often have identical structure, i.e., the same state set and isomorphic transitions. The state size of the automaton modeling a queue will grow rapidly with increase of the size of this population. However, by relabeling the queue arrival events and service events to the same symbols respectively, the automaton model of a queue will be converted to the structure of a buffer, which is proved to be independent of the total size of the customer population, as long as the queue size is held fixed. We propose the model of a dynamic buffer to embody order and shift of a queue. The result is applied to a manufacturing facility with a dynamic buffer to manage the repair of broken down machines.

Supervisory control of concurrent discrete-event systems

Concurrency is a common feature in most industrial systems,where several components can execute different actions simultaneously.In this paper,we first introduce a new feasible nonblocking concurrent supervisory control map for a concurrent system,and subsequently,new concepts of concurrent controllability and concurrent observability.Then we present a sufficient and necessary condition for the existence of a feasible nonblocking concurrent supervisory controlmap to achieve a given concurrent language.After introducing a new concept of prefix-closed concurrent normality,we show that the supremal concurrently controllable and prefix-closed concurrently normal sublanguages exist and are computable.Our emphasis here is not to address the computational efficiency of solving concurrent supervisory control problems,which is still a technical challenge,but to show that the commonly used Ramadge–Wonham asynchronous control is simply a special case of our proposed concurrent control framework by providing an insightful treatment on compound events.

数据挖掘在电力系统中的应用综述

电力系统各种数据现已呈现爆炸性增长态势,数据挖掘技术将会扮演越来越重要的角色.主要介绍数据挖掘技术及其相关的应用,以及数据挖掘的交叉产业标准(CRISP-DM)和主要方法.结合电力系统的自身特点,分析数据挖掘在电力系统当前的主要应用动态及应用前景.

预分解系统结皮特征的研究

通过X光、化学分析和电子显微镜等方法对预分解系统生产过程中出现的各种结皮进行了系统的归纳和分类研究。研究表明，结皮有三类最基本的型态，即粉料块结皮、酥松结皮、硬块结皮。其它各类可以看成是由这三类结皮所组成的过渡形态。本文还对上述各类结皮的化学成分、矿物组成以及各类结皮的粘结力、微观结构等进科了研究，并对各类结皮对生产的影响进行了分析和讨论。

水分胁迫对梨树叶片质膜氧化还原系统的影响

对水分胁迫下早酥梨和杜梨两种梨树叶片的质膜氧化还原系统进行了研究。结果表明,水分胁迫使梨幼树叶片质膜ATPase活性提高,质膜NADH(还原性辅酶Ⅰ)和NADPH(还原性辅酶Ⅱ)的氧化速率及Fe(CN)6(3-)和EDTA-Fe3+的还原速率降低,GSH(谷胱甘肽)和Vc(抗坏血酸)的氧化速率明显增加,表明除了NADH和NADPH外,GSH和Vc也可以作为早酥梨幼树叶片质膜氧化还原系统的电子供体。进一步而言,在水分胁迫条件下,GSH和Vc可能是代替NADH和NADPH的质膜氧化还原系统的电子供体。

重庆秦巴山区精品农业发展研究——以巫山脆李发展为例

农业供给侧结构性改革形势、特殊的地形地貌和绿色优美的生态环境、特殊的经济社会发展状况为重庆秦巴山区发展精品农业提供了有利条件,发展以"品种优、品质好、品相美、品位高、品牌响"为特征的精品农业是形成竞争力高、价格高、收益高的有力支撑,巫山脆李的成功实践表明重庆秦巴山区发展精品农业具有广阔的市场前景,需要在加快基础设施建设、农业科技创新与推广、产业规划与组织、培育新型职业农民、提升农村信息化水平、强化组织领导与政策资金扶持等六个方面构建发展精品农业的支撑体系。

棒形悬垂复合绝缘子芯棒脆断的原因及预防对策

通过对500kV棒形复合绝缘子高压端芯棒脆断事故发生原因的分析,指出其主要原因为绝缘子串电压分布严重不均匀及均压环设计、安装不规范而引起导线端电场畸变,加速了硅橡胶护套的电蚀穿孔所致。提出了将原下垂式线夹更换为上扛式防电晕线夹,作导线挂点“八”字型改造,在复合绝缘子导线侧加挂玻璃绝缘子;采用非标准长度的复合绝缘子与玻璃绝缘子组合成串等对策,以改善复合绝缘子的电场分布,降低导线端所承受的电压,消除畸变电场,预防芯棒脆断。实践表明,改进效果良好。

离散系统与模糊离散系统控制性之间的关系

给出了离散事件系统与模糊离散事件系统的模型及相关概念.利用模糊语言强截集这一概念,研究了分明语言的可控性与模糊语言可控性之间的关系,即在某种程度上两者是等价的.最后,从一个新的角度将离散事件系统的可控性特征推广到模糊离散事件系统的可控性.

A learning-based synthesis approach to decentralized supervisory control of discrete event systems with unknown plants

In this paper, we consider the problem of automatic synthesis of decentralized supervisor for uncertain discrete event systems. In particular, we study the case when the uncontrolled plant is unknown a priori. To deal with the unknown plants, we first characterize the conormality of prefix-closed regular languages and propose formulas for computing the supremal conormal sublanguages; then sufficient conditions for the existence of decentralized supervisors are given in terms of language controllability and conormality and a learning-based algorithm to synthesize the supervisor automatically is proposed. Moreover, the paper also studies the on-line decentralized supervisory control of concurrent discrete event systems that are composed of multiple interacting unknown modules. We use the concept of modular controllability to characterize the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the local supervisors, which consist of a set of local supervisor modules, one for each plant module and which determines its control actions based on the locally observed behaviors, and an on-line learning-based local synthesis algorithm is also presented. The correctness and convergence of the proposed algorithms are proved, and their implementation are illustrated through examples.

基于数据驱动的航空装备生产系统PHM方法与应用系统设计

随着航空装备生产系统复杂度、集成度的不断提高,传统航空装备制造企业的综合保障能力和水平已无法满足现役航空装备生产需求。为了有效优化航空装备制造企业生产效能,实现生产系统状态监测、故障诊断、寿命预测及智能运维,基于数据驱动的故障预测和健康管理(PHM)技术得到广泛关注和应用。目前,PHM相关研究工作主要聚焦于数据体系的管理维护,较少涉及应用系统架构设计。本文结合大数据分析的CRISP-DM模型,从业务理解到模型评估部署提出一种基于数据驱动的航空装备生产系统PHM分析流程,基于“云+端”的技术架构刻画了PHM应用系统的总体设计和功能设计思路,能够高效实现PHM分析过程中的数据资源化和模型化,有力支撑航空装备生产系统的智能决策,为推进PHM技术创新应用和航空装备制造业转型升级提供参考。

Stochastic systems simulation optimization

With the advance of new computational technology,stochastic systems simulation and optimization has become increasingly a popular subject in both academic research and industrial applications.This paper presents some of recent developments about the problem of optimizing a performance function from a simulation model.We begin by classifying different types of problems and then provide an overview of the major approaches,followed by a more in-depth presentation of two specific areas:optimal computing budget allocation and the nested partitions method.

The Use of Fuzzy Logic in Predicting Percentage (%) Dilution of Weld during Tig Welding Process

Welding operation of metals, gives rise to high temperature that results in melting of mating parts. The final composition of the joints formed in terms of its microstructure and properties at the fusion zone depends greatly on the degree of dilution of the weld. With an expert prediction technique, it may be possible to predict even before weld, the integrity of weld joint from the proposed process parameter. The aim of this study is to predict the percentage dilution (%D) of TIG mild steel welds using fuzzy logic. In this study, the weld specimen was produced using the TIG welding process guided by the central composite experimental design and thereafter percentage dilution (%D) was measured and fed to the fuzzy logic software. The process parameters include the voltage, current, gas flow rate and welding speed. The results obtained showed that the fuzzy logic tool is a good predictive tool and the model developed has proven to be very efficient in handling works of this nature, thereby saving time, energy and money wasted in pre-welding procedures. It would be encouraging to compare other quality parameters with process parameters to see how it can further help in quality improvement.

影响电解铜酥脆因素的探讨

本文详细分析了影响电解铜酥脆的主要因素,并针对金昌厂电解铜出现酥脆现象,指出其电解铜酥脆与电解液污染有关,即与电解液中细微颗粒及絮状悬浮物含量未进行事前取样检测有关。提出解决的办法是在铜电解生产中增加净化过滤系统,提高滤液净化质量,减少电解铜酥脆,进而提高电解铜质量。

国家应急管理体制变迁的影响因素与路径研究——基于20个案例的清晰集定性比较分析

各国应急管理体制的变迁无不是与突发事件相联系的,但并非所有的突发事件都导致了体制的变迁。文章基于多源流理论,采用清晰集定性比较分析方法对20个案例展开研究,探讨国家应急管理体制变迁的影响因素和路径。研究发现:社会舆论导向是国家应急管理体制变迁的必要前提;变迁路径存在五条组态分布,可被分为四种类型,即示范压力型、精英推动型、批评—改进型、民意倒逼型。借助定性比较分析方法对国家应急管理体制变迁机理进行探究与思考,能够从条件组合的角度为各国将危机从危险转变为机会提供政策启示,为研究解读体制变迁提供新的学术视角。

Warehouse automation by logistic robotic networks:a cyber-physical control approach

In this paper we provide a tutorial on the background of warehouse automation using robotic networks and survey relevant work in the literature.We present a new cyber-physical control method that achieves safe,deadlock-free,efficient,and adaptive behavior of multiple robots serving the goods-to-man logistic operations.A central piece of this method is the incremental supervisory control design algorithm,which is computationally scalable with respect to the number of robots.Finally,we provide a case study on 30 robots with changing conditions to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Comparison of alternative route selection strategies based on simulation optimization

Air traffic flow management(ATFM) is a collaborative process between the airspace provider and the airspace users. The result of the collaboration should be an outcome that maximizes the utility of the system without excessively penalizing any of the agents. This paper develops a discrete-event simulation model which consists of aggregate departure/arrival airports, flight routes, and sectors for evaluating the alternative collaborative route selection strategy. Given the different perspectives from air traffic control center(ACC) and airlines, eight performancemetrics and five alternative route selection strategies represent the past, current and proposed air traffic flow management operations that were evaluated. The Monte Carlo method combined with the Optimal Computing Budget Allocation(OCBA) simulation optimization technique is employed to assess the performance of different strategies. A case study of the upper air routes in central and southern China shows that the proposed model can be readily implemented to simulate different kinds of air traffic flow management strategies and predict the effect of changes on the airspace system. It also shows that the proposed alternative collaborative route selection strategy is an effective way in alleviating the en-route traffic congestion.

ESTIMATING CROSS-TRAINING CALL CENTER CAPACITY THROUGH SIMULATION

Call centers have grown world-wide during the past decade. One of the most important aspects considered by call center managers is the optimization of its operators, which implies covering the highly variable demand and f＇mding an efficient way to assign people to certain shifts in order to achieve a desirable service level and abandonment rate. Another challenge is determining which system setup is appropriate for the specific call center. Should we have a single-skill call center or multi-skill call center？ If we do have the latter, how many multi-skill agents should we have on staff？. In this case study, we generate and analyze discrete-event systems simulation-optimization models to test the behavior of a real-world call center under the actual configuration and under different levels of cross-training. The model results help call center managers by： 1） determining the optimal number of operators needed for different staff configtmations in order to achieve the targets for service level and abandonment; 2） providing information about the trade-off between the key measurements in the call center; and 3） providing useful information about the number of operators needed and used for each hour of operation to estimate the number of four-hour shifts required to achieve the performance targets. Our experimental f＇mdings from this case study suggest that a bi-skill call center is economically better in the long-rtm compared to a full-skill or single-skill call center. This case study augments the call center body of knowledge by providing additional managerial insights for the operations management community.

DEVS and MBSE:A review

We review Discrete-Event system Specification(DEVS)in the context of Model-based Systems Engineering(MBSE)and discuss an application of DEVS methodology to MBSE.We outline support for an envisioned MBSE development cycle of DEVS top-to-bottom MBSE capability and offer an example of mapping UML activity diagrams into executable activity-based DEVS models.We close with conclusions and future research directions.