A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis of Lingnan Cultural Promotional Videos on Social Media

In recent years,more and more directors of culture and tourism have taken part in the promotion of local cultural tourism by cross-dressing,talent shows,and pushing their limits on self-media platforms.This study investigates short videos of Lingnan culture promoted by directors general and deputy directors general of the Culture,Radio,Television,Tourism,and Sports Bureau of counties and cities in Guangdong Province on social media by the method of multimodal critical discourse analysis.The analysis of 33 videos shows that Lingnan culture is a domineering and confident culture,historical culture,graceful and elegant culture,and vibrant and active culture.Domineering and confident culture is embedded in the utterances and behaviors of the directors general or deputy directors general in the video.Historical culture is realized through the conversation with historical figures through time travel.Graceful and elegant culture is constructed in the depiction of sceneries and the depiction of characters’manners.Vibrant and active culture is represented in the depiction of the characters’actional process and analytical process.

The Study of Cyber-bullying from the Perspective of Critical Discourse Analysis:A Case Study of Tik Tok Comment Area Language

With the spread of the Internet,cyberbullying can a lso be seen in cyberspace.This will not only destroy our network usage environment,but also affect the harmonious development of society.Due to the lack of attention to the process of cyberbullying,many previous researches have been conducted only in t erms of causes and strategies,and the relationship between cyberbullying and ideology has been overlooked.Therefore,this study collects Tik Tok comments and builds a corpus to study the relationship between cyberbullying and ideology from the perspectiv e of critical discourse analysis.

A Critical Discourse Analysis of Cyberbullying Language Based on Text-mining Techniques——A Case Study of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle

With the development of AI,a large amount of cyberbullying language flooded into the Internet.Cyberbullying language damages the online environment and causes mental harm to the victims of online bullying.Many researchers,therefore,have paid much attention to the problem.This study collected online comments targeted at Prince Harry and Meghan Markle as a corpus and then analyzed text data based on Critical Discourse Analysis by using text-mining tools to explore the factors that contribute to the social ideological effects of the cyberbullying language.The research results show that cultural differences,prejudice,or social exclusion due to race or gender form cyberbullying on social media.

Critical Discourse Analysis Based on Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics: Taking The Economist’s First Commentation on the End of China’s Zero-COVID Policy as an Example

Based on Halliday’s systemic functional grammar,especially the ideational function,this research aims at disclosing the hidden ideologies and values of the seemingly objective news reports on China’s COVID-19 policies in The Economist.Transitivity,voice,and nominalization are the major analytical subjects.After China lifted the zero-COVID policy,western media began criticizing China’s lack of data sharing,with some misinformation and misleading reports.The denouncement of inertness and reluctance to fight against the pandemic disclaim the Chinese government’s efforts and depreciate China’s image.China is portrayed as the villain and destroyer of people’s health worldwide.Meanwhile,they also hold a hesitant attitude toward China’s diplomacy.The re-engaging with foreign countries and travel restrictions have been described as imprudent and rushed actions.They also consider China as the fuse of contradiction in the United Nations.What is overt is their view of breaking up China.

A Chinese Story in the Western Context:A Critical Discourse Analysis of Disney's Mulan

Mulan,the cartoon rewritten by Disney based on the traditional Chinese folklore,won tremendous praises globally.Under the theoretical framework of the three-dimensional model of critical discourse analysis proposed by Norman Fairclough,this research tries to analyze the unique discourse features of Mulan.By the successive analyses of description,interpretation and explanation,this research studies the discourse strategies of Disney movies represented by Mulan,the transmitted ideologies,the causes of the discourse formation and the social effects of the discourse,providing a paradigm for the establishment of Chinese multicultural discourses.

Critical Discourse Analysis of "Leftover Ladies"

In recent years, many new words have emerged in our life, such as "leftover men and ladies." The investigation and reports of the media and the TV series have attracted a great deal of attention. Taking a critical discourse analysis perspective(CDA), this article analyzes textual data from some news reports and interviews related to this heated topic. Norman Fairclough's Discourse and Social Change would provide some theoretical framework for this study. The findings reveal how this concept is constructed and how it influences our society.

Critical Discourse Analysis

This paper is about the discourse analysis and illustrate the approach to analysis the Critical discourses and the discourses about the educational situation of China.And it also includes the condensed theoretical support of the Critical discourse analysis and analysis of the sampleⅠof the discourses between an illiterate person and the literate.

Critical Discourse Analysis--The Slogans in the Protests for George Floyd

Critical discourse methodology is an extremely significant and meaningful branch of systemic functional linguistics which pays more attentions in the formation,diffusion,and acceptability of acertain discourse,and also the investigation on social background;meanwhile it is always used to discuss and pin down those familiar perceptions and ideologies that have been overlooked by the public so that new re-examination can be carried out to dig out some other attractive points.In this paper some basic theoretical basis and methodologies will be explained and then,by applying the critical discourse analysis,the slogans in the protests from Minneapolis to the whole America.Racial discrimination has invariably been a severe social problem for more two centuries in the U.S.A.After the Emancipation Proclamation by Abraham Lincoln,157 years has passed;however this kind of serious social issue still haunts among every American people.Countless protests have happened in the development of America;thus by analyzing the different types of slogans in this recent protest,novel discovery and meaningful retrospect would emerge.

A Critical Discourse Analysis of Hedges in Chinese and American Spokespersons’ Remarks at Press Conference

Hedging is a communication strategy frequently used by the spokespersons at the press conference.This thesis intends to find out the ideologies hidden behind those hedges under the guidance of Fairclough’s three-dimensional model.As a research method of linguistics,critical discourse analysis(CDA)aims to reveal the the relationship among language,power and ideology hidden behind the language.This thesis adopts Prince’classification criteria of hedges to identify and count the different types of hedges in the research data selected from Chinese and American government websites.The analysis is conducted at the following three steps:description,interpretation and explanation.The first stage is to recognize and count the hedges in two languages,then to find their similarities and differences and the last step is to find possible reasons for those similarities and differences and the ideologies behind the hedges.Analysis results show that differences in culture values and diplomatic ideology contribute to the different ideologies.

A Corpus-Based Critical Discourse Analysis of Trump and Biden Administrations’China Policies

The theory of proximization is an effective discourse strategy to study the speaker’s ability to achieve his own legitimacy or reinforce the other’s illegitimacy,and its superiority can be maximized by means of quantitative and comparative analysis.In this study,we collected reports on Trump’s and Biden’s policies on China to build two small corpora,with a total of 11,030 words in the Trump corpus and 17,566 words in the Biden corpus.The critical discourse analysis is combined with proximization theory.With the help of BFSU Qualitative Coder 1.2,Antconc 3.5.7,and Log-Likelihood and Chi-Square Calculator 1.0,a critical cognitive score of the relevant discourse was conducted from the perspective of proximization theory.It has been found that:(1)Both Trump and Biden administrations resort to a large number of spatial proximization strategies to build ODCs converging to IDCs with China as the ODC,posing a threat to internal physical IDCs;(2)in the use of temporal proximization strategy,both administrations use primarily modal verbs and various entities to construct ODCs that extend indefinitely into the present and future,emphasizing the urgency and the threat of the effect and reinforcing the legitimacy of their actions;(3)in terms of axiological proximization strategy,the two administrations differ greatly from each other,indicating that there are still discursive biases.

The Media Images of Old Influencers on TikTok:A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis

Drawing on the insights from multimodal critical discourse analysis,this study mainly focuses on two super-gerontic celebrities by selecting 60 videos to elucidate how their images are represented through linguistic(e.g.,captions,and hashtags)and other semiotic resources(e.g.,accessories,semiotic tools,and etc.).The findings suggest that images of the old celebrities are characterized as being attractive,wise,stylish,healthy and young,indicating that they are breaking up the stereotypical images of old people who are unattractive,dependent and senile.The phenomenon of old influencers making themselves visible on the social media suggests that they are moving towards successful aging with the backdrop of aging society in China.This present study suggests that multimodal construction of old celebrities can inform relevant practice to combat ageism in the media and helps to empower the old people in the media discourse.In doing so,the pedagogical implication of present study lies in its education about how we view aging in the aging society.

Analysis on Discourse Construction of HK Riots between HK Protesters and China's Mainland Media Based on Fairclough’s Three-dimensional Framework of Critical Discourse Analysis

The Critical Discourse Analysis(CDA)is an interdisciplinary tool in various conditions,which aims to provide a better understanding of sociocultural aspects of texts and accounts of the production of internal structure,and overall organization of texts as well as to provide a critical dimension in its theoretical and descriptive accounts of texts.Since June last year,HK protests or HK violence have been frequently reported by worldwide media.In this paper,the author aims to find out how the HK protesters and the Mainland media describe the same event based on the three-dimensional framework of CDA.At last,the author concludes that the mainland media generally describe the event as violence and riot while the HK protesters define themselves as warriors striving for more freedom,justice and democracy.Besides,on this event,the Mainland media mainly accuses some western countries of interference into HK affairs,which is undoubtedly of China’s internal affairs,and the media give full support to the HK police in safeguarding the peace and stability of Hong Kong.But from the perspective of HK protesters,they firmly believe that they are using their actions to protect all the people of HK,and they are defending their values such as freedom,democracy and justice.These are two totally different systems of language,and the author also gives its potential reasons in the paper so as to offer some viewpoints in this aspect in combination with the CDA theory.

A Critical Discourse Analysis of Corporate Apologies by United CEO in an Interview from the Perspective of Crisis Management

From the perspective of crisis management,this research is a critical discourse analysis of how United CEO extended corporate apologies to the stakeholders.The analysis of the text,discourse practice,and social practice under Fairclough’s threedimensional framework was conducted to explore apology discourse strategies employed by United CEO.The results revealed the interplay of corporate apology discourse,crisis management and social background and that United CEO’s apologies in the inter⁃view video failed to achieve crisis management.

Semantics of Sexual Violence:The“Imperfect Victims”in the Italian Media

Starting from an etymological analysis of rape in the Indo-European language family,we want to trace the historical and semantic roots of this lexeme,in order to review its semantic and pragmatic development in the perception of Italian speakers.Our aim is to read and understand the rape victim socio-cultural stigma in collective imagination.It is therefore possible to reconstruct the lexical,socio-semiotic,and narrative domain anticipating the phenomenology of victim blaming,which characterizes the media narratives of sexual violence.The victimological profile,socially expected and culturally accepted,seems to support the original semantic connotation of the Latin word stuprum,that is“corruption of virginity”,“contamination of purity”.Many typical mainstream discourses examined,through special“gender lenses”,provide portraits of imperfect,ambiguous,unreliable victims because they are deemed guilty of not being holy enough.

Sub-Saharan Migrants in Moroccan Print Media:Discourses of Violence,Security,and Illegality before and after the Migration Reform

Morocco currently occupies a curious position as both a country of transit and a country of installation for migrants originating from Sub-Saharan countries.Even though the new migration policy reform has provided migrants with some new rights,public opinion is still unready to shape and reshape their perceptions of’black’African migrants.The situation of those migrants has grabbed media attention,especially in newspapers;hundreds of articles and reports have been written in newspapers,criticising or denouncing the phenomenon.Although the currently available body research has tended to neglect the linguistic ways in which such media convey meaning along the side of their use of images,little attention has been paid to language-based media.As such,this paper scrutinises(i)the depiction of Sub-Saharan migrants in Moroccan print newspapers headlines before and after the migration reform,and(ii)it considers how reports on‘black’African migrants in Morocco may lead to propagating stereotypical acts and xenophobia towards this category.The study examines the topics covered and reveals the patterns used in the coverage of related topics,such as illegality and violence,before and after the new migration policy in 2013.With these objectives in mind,this study is based on qualitative data of news items and reports from the two daily printed newspapers,Assabah and Almassae.Relying on Critical Discourse Analysis and Content Analysis has demonstrated an overgeneralisation of Sub-Saharan migrants in news headlines in general.The results also show a dramatic change in the thematic coverage during the selected period.

A Comparative Study on the Impact of Marketization on International Student Prospectus

In this article, I aim to compare the similarities and differences in the international student prospectuses of two universi-ties from the perspective of critical discourse analysis. By analyzing the layout and design, visual features, the rhetorical moves, and lexico-grammatical features of two prospectuses, I expect to trace the impact of marketization on the genre-based discourse of higher education and identify to what extent international student prospectus are influenced by the new"customer-driven"trend in higher education.

The Anti-corruption Discourse of China: Cracking down on "Tigers"

Fighting corruption has been a signature theme in the governance of China since Xi Jinping became General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CCCPC)in 2012.Among the extensive attention from academic and policy discourse to this unprecedented anti-corruption elfort in CPC's history,there are studies that take the one-sided view that the effort under way is not anti-corruption in its strict sense as it relies on the Party mechanism rather than the legal system,scripted,and calculated for the narrow self-interest of factional power enhancement.Reviewing contemporary fundamental anti-corruption discourses,anchored in critical discourse analysis,and assisted by 134 circulars of intra-Party disciplinary punishments of corrupt high-ranking officials(“tigers”,dalaohu),this interdisciplinary study reveals that,by contrast,China adopts an integrated approach to corruption,which incorporates republican and liberal-rationalist beliefs and values.Specifically,it is characterized by CCCPC as leadership,the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection as political agency,both following a mentality of the rule of law,and by the coordination between intra-Party disciplinary rules and state laws.This approach is appropriate because it conceptualizes corruption by targeting the main feature of the corruption-related problem.This study contributes from a discoursal perspective to the understanding of China's anti-corruption in the Xi Jinping Era.

Aspects of Transitivity in Select Social Transformation Discourse in Nigeria

This article examines transitivity in the mediatised discourse of social transformation in Nigeria.Data for the study comprises texts on aspects of social transformation campaigns in Nigeria in the context of democracy,anti-corruption crusades,insecurity,and domestic violence.The data was drawn from speeches,radio commentaries,jingles,printed texts,interviews,tweets,and online newspaper comments about government actors and non-government actors covering the period between March 2013 to March 2018.This five-year span was informed by a wide gamut of negative realities in the nation which led to increased mediatisation of social transformation messages.The analysis of data is hinged on the transitivity system espoused in Halliday’s systemic functional linguistics and critical discourse analysis by Fairclough(1989;revised 2015)and Machin and Mayr(2012).Data analysis revealed that the different participants in the discourse deployed material processes,relational processes,and mental processes to negotiate the social transformation challenge and agenda in Nigeria.The presentation of the agents in relation to the processes in the discourse reflected positive in-group representation and negative-other representation for legitimation and manipulation.The study concludes that transitivity is a veritable tool in the discourse that primarily serves in foregrounding social problems in Nigeria while also affording social participation.

Oil as narcotic or as medicine:the DISEASE metaphor in political cartoons on energy crisis

The present paper explores how the issue of the current energy crisis in the wake of the Covid-19 and Ukraine war was constructed by political cartoons.Adopting Critical Multimodal Metaphor Scenario Analysis,this paper focuses on the DISEASE metaphor scenario,one of the most recurring scenarios in political cartoons on this topic,and specifically emphasizes how the METHOD OF TREATMENT,one of the structural elements in the scenario,is represented.The analysis reveals that two predominant scenarios cOnstitute the representations of the METHOD OF TREATMENT:NARCOTIC Scenario and MEDICINE scenario.They differ in entailments:one frames fossil energy as detrimental narcotic while the other frames it as therapeutic medicine.By means of the two scenarios,these cartoons convey strong criticism of the major involvers in the energy crisis,namely,the E.U.,Russia,and the U.S.The cartoons make full use of the dynamic interplay of visual and/or verbal metonymy,metaphor,and narrative to elicit associations,assumptions and evaluations in the viewers,helping facilitate understanding and constructing a view of the crisis reality.The present analysis sheds light on the way cartoonists reshape the public point of view in the framing of specific event(s).

Gender Ideology in the Definitions of Contemporary Chinese Dictionary

From the perspective of social semiotics,gender terms are important signs for meaning making in society,in that they not only reflect social norms regarding different genders,but also play an important role in the formation of a range of other equally important semiotic notions.This article studies the gender ideology as reflected in the definitions of a number of headwords in the 7th edition of Contemporary Chinese Dictionary(CCD7).The analyses reveal that CCD7’s definitions serve to construct gender and marriage norms in accordance with the prevalent gender ideology of the society.Based on a binary view of gender,CCD7 constructs a normal-abnormal continuum,which defines heterosexual relationships and heterosexual marriages as the social norms.This study regards the act of defining as a social semiotic process under the influence of the prevailing ideology,and reaffirms the status of gender terms as a significant shaping force in social semiotics.