The Inheritance of Hardt and Negri to Marx’s Thought: From the Critique of Political Economy to Biopolitical Critique

In the Empire Series,Hardt and Negri attempt to develop biopolitical critique to contemporary capitalist society.Hardt and Negri develop their own biopolitical critique based on their understanding of Foucauldian biopolitics.In the meantime,many arguments of biopolitical critique come precisely from Marx’s critique of political economy.Identifying biopolitical production as the hegemonic paradigm of contemporary capitalist production,Hardt and Negri accomplish the transition from the critique of political economy to biopolitical critique.However,such assertion does not mean a major rupture in the relation between the critique of political economy and biopolitical critique.On the contrary,it only implies an intertwined relationship between them.Moreover,if regarding Foucault’s discussion about political economy and biopolitics as a medium,then the conclusion can be made:There are overlaps between biopolitical critique and the critique of political economy,and the source of biopolitical critique can also be traced directly back to Marx.

Theory Critique of Kristen Swanson’s Theory of Caring

Theory is considered essential for integral assessment, adopting its foundations and concepts is of great utility. The theory provides different templates to help nurses provide care that respects patients and improves outcomes. Through understanding the intersection of nursing, patients, health, and the environment, theories aim to simplify the complicated, ever-evolving relationship that nurses have with their profession. Nursing theory helps distinguish nursing as a separate discipline from medicine and related sciences, and assists nurses in understanding their patients and their needs. The behaviors of healthcare providers affect how patients participate in and experience care situations. In the nursing discipline, the theoretical structures of caring have been established as the core concept of guidance in all nurses’ work. The aim of this paper is to develop a critique of Kristen Swanson’s theory of caring—a theory structured around five caring principles (maintaining belief, knowing, being with, doing for, and enabling) by applying it to nursing practice. When applied to nursing practice, each of these five stages stimulates the caregiver’s attitude, which in turn improves the overall patient’s well-being. Implications to nursing practice are mentioned [1] [2].

Seeking Redemption:Complicitous Critique in Border Trilogy of Cormac McCarthy

Cormac McCarthy,the veteran American writer,is often questioned as being obsessed with darkness and nihility because of the lack of definite redemption in his works.However,if“Border trilogy”,the representative work of his western novels,is put under the framework of postmodern poetics proposed by Linda Hutcheon,it will be found that redemption is hidden in the narrative structure.And the author structures the narration by dual coding strategies,such as parody,paradoxical irony and metafiction to make works conspire with the history and realty while criticize it at the same time.It is the complicitous critique.This symbiotic contradiction makes some accepted ideas problematic and urges the reader to seek justice and redemption in the tension of paradox.Therefore,redemption is coming in seeking.

Brainstorming and Developing English Learners'Writing Techniques: Critiques and Recommendations

Empirical studies suggest that research, by use of a systemic approach, should follow a set of procedures that are clearly described and then can be justified. However, it is worth noting that no approach is perfect, in particular, when it comes to the studies related to ethnographic studies. In view of this, this critique aims to reconsider empirical studies using brainstorming strategy to develop L2 learners'writing techniques. Firstly, this paper looks at the theoretical framework and the aims of these studies. Following this, this paper simultaneously summarizes and critiques these previous findings in terms of genres in writing, new assessment criteria, practicality in English pedagogy, data collection and analysis, findings and pedagogical implications. The final section presents the further inquiry in the language education context. This paper concludes that the brainstorming strategy in the teaching of writing can only be used in some genres, and both the product-oriented and process-oriented approaches should be applied to teaching writing.

A Critique of Study by File,K.A.and Adams,R

Vocabulary instruction has been a hot topic among teachers and researchers in second language or foreign language teaching field.Which one is more efficient,integrated or isolated-focused instruction?File,K.A.and Adams,R(2010)carried a re⁃search to compare their efficiency in vocabulary teaching.This critiqued reviewed and evaluated their research and give some sug⁃gestions to the research.

A Critique of The Effects of Essay Topics on Modal Verb Uses in L1 and L2 Academic Writing

This critical review assesses Eli Hinkel's research paper The Effects of Essay Topics on Modal Verb Uses in L1 and L2 Academic Writing in terms of both writing process and writing product. It acknowledges the merits as well as the flaws of the paper and concludes with future study suggestions.

Translation and Dissemination of Critique of the Gotha Program in China in the Early Times

This paper reviews the early translation and dissemination of Critique of the Gotha Program by different scholars in different publications in China and sums up the law of the dissemination of Marxism and Critique of the Gotha Program in China in the early times.

A Review and Critique of Discourse Mode of Public Administration Slogans——Based on the Study of Postmodern Public Administration Discourse Theory

Public administration slogans include oral and written slogans which made by governments at all levels according to the policy or administration under the propagation tasks. T he purpose is to enhance propaganda effects by repeating the same concepts and objectives. While the democratic awareness in public discourses is keep growing,there are some surveys on the quality of public administration slogans. In order to improve the quality of public administration slogans,governments in Anhui Province should organize professionals and pay closely attention to the guidance of policy before they sort,edit,produce and release public administration slogans.

A Critique of Eye-Tracking Approach in Translation Process Research

With the rapid growth of eye-tracking studies in translation process research, concomitant methodologicalproblems have become increasingly prominent. This paper starts with the discussion of the controversial “eye-mindassumption”, and then focuses on various threats to experimental validity in research design and problems witheye-tracking data filtering and analysis. It is hoped that this discussion would be beneficial to those who are now orwill be engaged in eye-tracking based translation studies.

Research on Chinese Urban Modernity Issues From the Perspective of Technology Rational Critique

With the development of urbanization,metropolises and megapolises are emerging.Urbanization is being completed with the driving force of capital;meanwhile,technology has achieved the quest of capital.In this thesis,in light of Henri Lefebvre’s ideology of technology rational critique,Chinese urban modernity issues under the perspective of technology rational critique were analyzed,including issues like eroded urban texture,urban mechanization,and urban segregation.The technology rational root of Chinese urban modernity issues was discussed from the turn of technical artifacts from design intention to application intention.In the end,possible methods to solve these Chinese urban modernity issues were illustrated based on Henri Lefebvre’s urban development theory.

The Equality Thought in Marx’s Critique of Gotha Program and Its Value in the New Era

The idea of equality is an important part of Marxist theory system and an ideal creed pursued by mankind.Marx’s thought of equality is reflected in the Criticism of Gotha Program.Marx’s criticism of“absolute labor income”elaborates the distribution theory of the two stages of communism.The criticism of“labor determinism”defends the fundamental principle of“production decides distribution”.It criticizes the essence of“free education for all”and puts forward the idea of education equality in an ideal society.In the new era,it is helpful to improve the equality system and protect the basic rights of citizens to review their equality thoughts.What’s more,it is also helpful to develop productive forces Vigorously and consolidate the equal foundation of socialist countries.We will deepen the reform of education and improve the sense of happiness of education equality.

Critique on Hofstede's Five Dimensions in Relation to China——Taking Intel and Ernst & Young(China)as Examples

The author conducts an empirical research on Chinese performance on Hofstede’s five dimensions in this thesis.Hofstede's Values Survey Module 1994(VSM94)survey instrument is adopted by a sample of 200 Chinese employees of two international companies,Intel and EY to measure personal values.The author compares the personal values of global company employees in China today with Chinese national culture dimensions which were first identified by Hofstede and the results are very different from Hofstede’s conclusions whose data was collected from 1984 to 1996.According to Hofstede,China is a strongly collectivist,"above average"masculine,high power distance,low uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation country while the findings of this study is that China has changed to strongly individualistic,strongly feminine,low power distance,high uncertainty avoidance and short-term oriented.The result can to some extent reflect the changed Chinese culture and can serve as the guidance in human resource management.

Critique of What Children Think of Animals' Need: Aesthetic and Psycho-social Conceptions

This essay aims to present the strengths and weaknesses of the research in detail. The research problem and the research background will be given. The essay will also comment on the methods employed in this research in respect to interview, sampling, data collection and its analysis. Its validity and reliability will be discussed and the appropriateness of results, weaknesses and ethical problems will be pointed out. At the end it will show the findings and implications of this critique and its further development.

Critique on the Bourgeoisie:Laura’s Assimilating and Interference of Aes⁃thetics and Politics in The Garden Party

As Mansfield’s representative masterpiece,The Garden Party contains her critique on the bourgeoisie.This essay argues that Laura Sheridan is assimilating into the bourgeoisie,taking up Mrs.Sheridan’s role as a matriarch,while she is struggling with the waking sympathies on working class.By depicting the process of assimilating,along with the interference of aesthetics and politics,Mansfield reveals her critique on the bourgeoisie which shows indifference towards the lower class.

Lilly Reich:The architecture and critique of an invisibilized woman

The architectural modernity that prevailed in Germany during the first half of the twentieth century cannot be understood without an appreciation of the work of Lilly Reich,a brilliant designer of interiors,furniture,and ephemeral architecture who exerted significant influence from her active position as a member of the Deutscher Werkbund.Despite the critical recognition she acquired in the media of the time during her solo career,her association with the architect Mies van der Rohe,far from positioning her in the field of contributions,relegated her to the role of a mere collaborator.For this reason,this article aims to shed light on the extensive legacy of Lilly Reich,a woman whose figure is being acknowledged as a result of recent research but who was nevertheless omitted from the leading books on the history of architecture.The methodology employed in the research analyses comparatively“what she did”and“what was said about her”,highlighting the convergences and divergences between“work”and“criticism”.The study and its results yield interesting conclusions regarding both the recognition that Lilly Reich received during her lifetime and the criticism she received after her death and up to the present day.

日常生活中的小事情异化——列斐伏尔《日常生活批判》第一卷解读

在列斐伏尔眼里,历史唯物主义正是人本主义异化史观的具体化,这种观点也会进一步延伸到他对马克思中晚期经济学研究中的异化批判理论的理解中。并且,这种异化批判要从马克思的总体人的观念中获得。与马克思《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中前置的价值悬设——理想化劳动不同,列斐伏尔是捕捉到马克思展望人类获得全面解放后的“总体人”自由发展状态,并将其作为未来目标式的后置目的论牵引。并且他认为,这种总体人的观念恰恰是与马克思后来提出的人类社会从必然王国向自由王国的转换是完全同向的。