In order to understand which parameters, such as the number of cracks and the total crack length is the useful indicators of fatigue damage, rotatory bending fatigue tests are carried out using smooth specimens of a m...In order to understand which parameters, such as the number of cracks and the total crack length is the useful indicators of fatigue damage, rotatory bending fatigue tests are carried out using smooth specimens of a medium-carbon steel. The behavior of short crock propagation and the evolution of surface cracks during fatigue are examined. The aim of this paper is to study how these damage parameters are correlated with the process of fatigue in order to evaluate the effectiveness of damage detection methods.展开更多
目的评估一种新的基于慢性肾脏病患者血肌酐变化参考值的急性肾损伤诊断标准(creatinine reference change value optimized criteria for AKI in adult with CKD,cROCK)对慢性肾脏病患者急性肾损伤(aute-on-chronic kidney injury,ACKI...目的评估一种新的基于慢性肾脏病患者血肌酐变化参考值的急性肾损伤诊断标准(creatinine reference change value optimized criteria for AKI in adult with CKD,cROCK)对慢性肾脏病患者急性肾损伤(aute-on-chronic kidney injury,ACKI)的诊断和预测慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)3期患者肾脏及全因死亡风险能力。方法筛选2016年1月1日至2018年6月30日徐州市中心医院90864例住院患者全部资料,其中男52647例,年龄(60.75±18.99)岁,年龄范围3~102岁;女38217例,年龄(58.36±18.54)岁,年龄范围3~104岁。对符合纳入及排除标准的CKD3期患者分别采用cROCK标准和改善全球肾脏病预后组织(Kidney Disease:Improving Global Outcomes,KDIGO)标准诊断是否发生ACKI,从进行ACKI诊断开始,随访3年,观察其肾脏及全因死亡情况。结果筛选后纳入790例CKD3期成人患者,结果显示:(1)cROCK标准的ACKI检出率大于KDIGO标准(68.1%比59.7%,P=0.001);(2)cROCK和KDIGO标准之间有较强的一致性(Kappa值为0.640,P<0.001);(3)根据是否被KDIGO和(或)cROCK诊断为ACKI,将患者分为KDIGO(-)cROCK(-)、KDIGO(-)cROCK(+)、KDIGO(+)cROCK(-)、KDIGO(+)cROCK(+)四组,结果显示KDIGO(+)cROCK(+)组比KDIGO(+)cROCK(-)组患者发生肾脏复合终点事件及全因死亡较早且风险较高,KDIGO(-)cROCK(+)组比KDIGO(-)cROCK(-)组发生肾脏复合终点事件较早且风险更高,全因死亡风险也更高(P均<0.01);(4)年龄、性别、基线肌酐校正后的COX风险回归分析显示,以KDIGO(-)cROCK(-)终点事件风险做参考值,KDIGO(-)cROCK(+)组发生肾脏复合终点事件风险(HR=2.547,95%CI:1.928~3.365)、全因死亡风险(HR=2.199,95%CI:1.263~3.829)更高;同样地,以KDIGO(+)cROCK(-)终点事件风险做参考值,KDIGO(+)cROCK(+)组发生肾脏复合终点事件(HR=1.995,95%CI:1.322~3.011)以及全因死亡风险HR=3.136,95%CI:1.716~5.732)更高(P均<0.01);(5)cROCK联合KDIGO预测肾脏复合终点事件的准确性(KDIGO&cROCK:AUC=0.844;cROCK:AUC=0.842;KDIGO:AUC=0.803,P<0.001)以及预测全因死亡的准确性(KDIGO&cROCK:AUC=0.887;KDIGO:AUC=0.880;cROCK:AUC=0.865,P<0.001)优于单独使用其中一种标准。结论与KDIGO标准相比,cROCK识别ACKI的敏感性更高。cROCK联合KDIGO诊断ACKI有利于对CKD3期患者进行危险分层,能及时发现肾脏及全因死亡风险高的患者。两种标准预测不良预后存在差异,cROCK预测肾脏复合终点事件优于KDIGO,KDIGO预测全因死亡优于cROCK。二者联合诊断预测不良预后优于单独使用cROCK或KDIGO标准。展开更多
The effect of aging temperature on stress corrosion crocking of 17-4 precipitation-hardened(PH)stainless steel in simulated stimulant oil well environment was studied by the method B-NACE standard bent-beam test.It is...The effect of aging temperature on stress corrosion crocking of 17-4 precipitation-hardened(PH)stainless steel in simulated stimulant oil well environment was studied by the method B-NACE standard bent-beam test.It is found that when aging temperature ranges from 480 to 610℃,the sensitivity of hydrogen embrittlement decreases significantly.展开更多
文摘In order to understand which parameters, such as the number of cracks and the total crack length is the useful indicators of fatigue damage, rotatory bending fatigue tests are carried out using smooth specimens of a medium-carbon steel. The behavior of short crock propagation and the evolution of surface cracks during fatigue are examined. The aim of this paper is to study how these damage parameters are correlated with the process of fatigue in order to evaluate the effectiveness of damage detection methods.
文摘目的评估一种新的基于慢性肾脏病患者血肌酐变化参考值的急性肾损伤诊断标准(creatinine reference change value optimized criteria for AKI in adult with CKD,cROCK)对慢性肾脏病患者急性肾损伤(aute-on-chronic kidney injury,ACKI)的诊断和预测慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)3期患者肾脏及全因死亡风险能力。方法筛选2016年1月1日至2018年6月30日徐州市中心医院90864例住院患者全部资料,其中男52647例,年龄(60.75±18.99)岁,年龄范围3~102岁;女38217例,年龄(58.36±18.54)岁,年龄范围3~104岁。对符合纳入及排除标准的CKD3期患者分别采用cROCK标准和改善全球肾脏病预后组织(Kidney Disease:Improving Global Outcomes,KDIGO)标准诊断是否发生ACKI,从进行ACKI诊断开始,随访3年,观察其肾脏及全因死亡情况。结果筛选后纳入790例CKD3期成人患者,结果显示:(1)cROCK标准的ACKI检出率大于KDIGO标准(68.1%比59.7%,P=0.001);(2)cROCK和KDIGO标准之间有较强的一致性(Kappa值为0.640,P<0.001);(3)根据是否被KDIGO和(或)cROCK诊断为ACKI,将患者分为KDIGO(-)cROCK(-)、KDIGO(-)cROCK(+)、KDIGO(+)cROCK(-)、KDIGO(+)cROCK(+)四组,结果显示KDIGO(+)cROCK(+)组比KDIGO(+)cROCK(-)组患者发生肾脏复合终点事件及全因死亡较早且风险较高,KDIGO(-)cROCK(+)组比KDIGO(-)cROCK(-)组发生肾脏复合终点事件较早且风险更高,全因死亡风险也更高(P均<0.01);(4)年龄、性别、基线肌酐校正后的COX风险回归分析显示,以KDIGO(-)cROCK(-)终点事件风险做参考值,KDIGO(-)cROCK(+)组发生肾脏复合终点事件风险(HR=2.547,95%CI:1.928~3.365)、全因死亡风险(HR=2.199,95%CI:1.263~3.829)更高;同样地,以KDIGO(+)cROCK(-)终点事件风险做参考值,KDIGO(+)cROCK(+)组发生肾脏复合终点事件(HR=1.995,95%CI:1.322~3.011)以及全因死亡风险HR=3.136,95%CI:1.716~5.732)更高(P均<0.01);(5)cROCK联合KDIGO预测肾脏复合终点事件的准确性(KDIGO&cROCK:AUC=0.844;cROCK:AUC=0.842;KDIGO:AUC=0.803,P<0.001)以及预测全因死亡的准确性(KDIGO&cROCK:AUC=0.887;KDIGO:AUC=0.880;cROCK:AUC=0.865,P<0.001)优于单独使用其中一种标准。结论与KDIGO标准相比,cROCK识别ACKI的敏感性更高。cROCK联合KDIGO诊断ACKI有利于对CKD3期患者进行危险分层,能及时发现肾脏及全因死亡风险高的患者。两种标准预测不良预后存在差异,cROCK预测肾脏复合终点事件优于KDIGO,KDIGO预测全因死亡优于cROCK。二者联合诊断预测不良预后优于单独使用cROCK或KDIGO标准。
文摘The effect of aging temperature on stress corrosion crocking of 17-4 precipitation-hardened(PH)stainless steel in simulated stimulant oil well environment was studied by the method B-NACE standard bent-beam test.It is found that when aging temperature ranges from 480 to 610℃,the sensitivity of hydrogen embrittlement decreases significantly.
