Molecular breeding is one of the most effective methods for improving the performance of crops.Understanding the genome features of crops,especially the physiological functions of individual genes,is of great importan...Molecular breeding is one of the most effective methods for improving the performance of crops.Understanding the genome features of crops,especially the physiological functions of individual genes,is of great importance to molecular breeding.Evidence has shown that genomes of both animals and plants transcribe numerous noncoding RNAs,which are involved in almost every aspect of development.In crops,an increasing number of studies have proven that non-coding RNAs are new genetic resources for regulating crop traits.In this review,we summarize the current knowledge of non-coding RNAs,which are potential crop trait regulators,and focus on the functions of long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)in determining crop grain yield,phased small-interfering RNAs(phasiRNAs)in regulating fertility,small interfering RNAs(siRNAs)and microRNAs(miRNAs)in facilitating plant immune response and disease resistance,and miRNAs mediating nutrient and metal stress.Finally,we also discuss the next-generation method for ncRNA application in crop domestication and breeding.展开更多
The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats （CRISPR）-associated protein 9 （CRISPR/Cas9）-based genomeediting system is a revolutionary technology for targeted muta- genesis in molecular biology re...The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats （CRISPR）-associated protein 9 （CRISPR/Cas9）-based genomeediting system is a revolutionary technology for targeted muta- genesis in molecular biology research and genetic improvement of traits in crops （Cong et al., 2013; Ma et al., 2015, 2016）. Agronomic traits of crops are controlled by major genes and quantitative trait loci （QTL）. Therefore, the CRISPR/Cas9 system can be used to effectively and rapidly produce mutant traits by different strategies （Figure 1A-1C）. The most common application of the targeted editing system in genetic improvement is to knock out completely the functions of target genes, usually by editing site（s） in the coding sequences （CDS） to produce null-allele mutants （Figure 1A）.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91640202 and 91940301 and 31970606)the grants from Guangdong Province(2022B1515020018 and 2019JC05N394).
文摘Molecular breeding is one of the most effective methods for improving the performance of crops.Understanding the genome features of crops,especially the physiological functions of individual genes,is of great importance to molecular breeding.Evidence has shown that genomes of both animals and plants transcribe numerous noncoding RNAs,which are involved in almost every aspect of development.In crops,an increasing number of studies have proven that non-coding RNAs are new genetic resources for regulating crop traits.In this review,we summarize the current knowledge of non-coding RNAs,which are potential crop trait regulators,and focus on the functions of long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)in determining crop grain yield,phased small-interfering RNAs(phasiRNAs)in regulating fertility,small interfering RNAs(siRNAs)and microRNAs(miRNAs)in facilitating plant immune response and disease resistance,and miRNAs mediating nutrient and metal stress.Finally,we also discuss the next-generation method for ncRNA application in crop domestication and breeding.
文摘The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats （CRISPR）-associated protein 9 （CRISPR/Cas9）-based genomeediting system is a revolutionary technology for targeted muta- genesis in molecular biology research and genetic improvement of traits in crops （Cong et al., 2013; Ma et al., 2015, 2016）. Agronomic traits of crops are controlled by major genes and quantitative trait loci （QTL）. Therefore, the CRISPR/Cas9 system can be used to effectively and rapidly produce mutant traits by different strategies （Figure 1A-1C）. The most common application of the targeted editing system in genetic improvement is to knock out completely the functions of target genes, usually by editing site（s） in the coding sequences （CDS） to produce null-allele mutants （Figure 1A）.
